Journal of Contemporary Islamic Law

No eISSN: 0127-788X
I

2021 6(2)

15 DECEMBER 2021

Pembahagian Harta Pusaka dalam Kalangan Masyarakat Muslim di Negeri Sembilan: Satu Kajian Literatur

Distribution of Inheritance Among Muslims Society in Negeri Sembilan: A Literature Review

Wan Nur A’ina Mardhiah Wan Rushdan, p104134@siswa.ukm.edu.my
Postgraduate Student, Research Centre for Sharia, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Mohd Zamro Muda, zamro@ukm.edu.my
Research Centre for Sharia, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Zuliza Mohd Kusrin, zuli@ukm.edu.my
Research Centre for Sharia, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Received: 14 September 2021 | Accepted: 26 November 2021 | Published: 15 December 2021

2021, Vol. 6(2), pp. 55-64.  |  PDF

Perwarisan harta pusaka merujuk kepada aturan yang mengatur tentang pemindahan hak pemilikan harta peninggalan seseorang yang telah meninggal dunia dan dibahagikan kepada waris yang berhak. Walaupun asas pentadbiran harta pusaka di Unit Pusaka Kecil setiap negeri adalah selari berpandukan standard prosedur operasi (SOP) dan Akta Harta Pusaka Kecil (Pembahagian) 1955, namun kewujudan undang-undang pentadbiran tanah adat menjadikan pengurusan dan pentadbiran harta pusaka di Negeri Sembilan, salah sebuah negeri di Malaysia, agak berbeza dengan negeri-negeri lain. Hal ini kerana, masyarakatnya masih berpegang kepada hukum Adat Perpatih sebagai aturan yang mempunyai sistem tersendiri. Melihat kepada kajian-kajian terdahulu, pengamalan masyarakat Negeri Sembilan terhadap pewarisan harta masih selari dengan peraturan di dalam Undang-Undang Tanah Adat. Walau bagaimanapun, kajian lalu mendedahkan bahawa terdapat banyak isu dan halangan yang sering timbul dihadapi oleh pihak pentadbir melibatkan pengurusan harta pusaka di Negeri Sembilan. Oleh itu, matlamat artikel ini adalah untuk mengkaji amalan dan isu-isu dalam pembahagian harta pusaka dalam kalangan masyarakat dan pengurusan Unit Pusaka Kecil di Negeri Sembilan dalam menjalankan proses pembahagian harta pusaka. Metodologi kajian adalah berbentuk kualitatif. Pengumpulan data kajian menggunakan analisis dokumen dan dianalisis secara deskriptif dan tematik. Hasil analisis kajian literatur mendapati wujud pemasalahan seperti ketidakjelasan masyarakat terhadap konsep dan amalan pentadbiran dan pembahagian pusaka di Unit Pusaka Kecil Negeri Sembilan, kekaburan masyarakat terhadap status amalan adat dalam pembahagian harta pusaka menurut syarak serta cabaran dan halangan unit pusaka dalam menguruskan pembahagian harta pusaka. Implikasi daripada pemasalahan tersebut menyebabkan keperluan untuk dilakukan kajian lanjutan bagi mengkaji secara mendalam pemahaman masyarakat, amalan pentadbiran sedia ada dan seterusnya mencadangkan solusi kepada permasalahan tersebut.

Kata kunci: Adat Perpatih, tanah adat, pengurusan harta pusaka, Negeri Sembilan, undang-undang

Inheritance refers to the law or rules governing the transfer of ownership of the estate of a deceased and distributed to the entitled heirs. In general, the basis of estate management and administration in the Small Estate Distribution Unit of each state is in line with the standard operating procedures (SOP) and the Small Estate (Distribution) Act 1955. However, the existence of customary land administration laws in Negeri Sembilan, one of the state in Malaysia, makes the management and administration of this state slightly different from other states. This is because the community still adheres to the law of Adat Perpatih which is a rule that has its own system. Previous studies have shown that the Negeri Sembilan community’s still follow the practice of inheritance and property management contained in the Customary Land Law. However, past studies have also revealed that there are many issues and obstacles that often arise faced by land administrators involving estate management practices in Negeri Sembilan. Thus, the purpose of this article is to examine the practice of inheritance distribution among the Muslim community in Negeri Sembilan based on previous studies and to examine the role of administrators in carrying out the process of inheritance distribution of the deceased. This is a qualitative study using a content analysis approach. Data is collected and analysed by a descriptive and thematic approach. The analysis of the literature review showed several main problems involving the estate administration and management of the Small Estate Distribution Unit in Negeri Sembilan such as the community’s ambiguity on the concept and practice of administration and distribution, the misunderstanding of society on the status of customary practices according to sharia and the challenges of the unit when handling the issues related to administration and distribution. The implications of these problems cause the need to conduct further studies on the understanding of society, existing estate administration and ultimately propose solutions to these problems.

Keywords: Adat Perpatih, customary land, estate management, Negeri Sembilan, legal issues

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