Sains Malaysiana 38(1): 47-56(2009)

 

 

Systematic Accounts and Some Aspects of Feeding and Reproductive

Biology of Ponyfishes (Perciformes: Leiognathidae)

(Perihalan Sistematik dan Beberapa Aspek Pemakanan Serta Biologi

Pembiakan Ikan Kekek (Perciformes: Leiognathidae))

 

 

Y.G. Seah

School of Environmental Studies and Natural Resource Sciences

Faculty of Science and Technology, National University of Malaysia

43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor D.E. Malaysia

 

S. Abdullah, C.C. Zaidi & A.G. Mazlan*

Marine Ecosystem Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology

National University of Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi

Selangor D.E. Malaysia

 

 

Received:  1 April 2008 / Accepted:  4 June 2008

 

 

ABSTRACT

 

Several series of trawl survey was carried out in the coastal waters of southeastern South China Sea using commercial trawler. Six species of ponyfishes were caught throughout the study. Adult fish species were examined for their systematic differences. Based on systematic differences, a pictorial description of each species was built up.  Detail population growth of dominant species was estimated using the allometric regression analysis of length (L)-weight (W) relationship (W= aLb). The results showed that the regression coefficient b was 3.337±0.105 for Photoplagios stercorarius, 2.530±0.298 for Photopectoralis bindus, 2.690±0.330 for Secutor insidiator and 2.211±0.507 for Gazza minuta respectively. Stomach contents analyses revealed feeding guilds of each species of fishes. Mean trophic level for P. bindus was 3.222±0.491, G. minuta was 2.753±0.291, P. stercorarius was 2.662±0.316, S. insidiator was 2.865±0.298, Leiognathus jonesi was 2.490±0.267 and Leiognathus oblongus was 2.413±0.296 respectively. The mean value of RLG for P. stercorarius was 0.8740±0.0576, G. minuta was 0.5135±0.0942 and P. bindus was 1.1399±0.2611. Reproductive biology of the selected species of ponyfishes showed that the gonads were mono-lobed with maturing and matured oocytes stages at time of sampling. A mean value of GSI for P. bindus was 4.002±0.650, P. stercorarius was 2.540±0.430, S. insidiator was 5.638±1.114, Gazza minuta was 0.382±0.070, L. oblongus was 2.925±0.820, L. jonesi was 1.578±0.821 and Nuchequula decora was 2.569±1.451 respectively.

 

Keywords: Meristic measurements; morphometric characteristic; length-weight relationship; trophic levels; gonadosomatic index; Leiognathidae

 

 

ABSTRAK

 

Beberapa siri survey pukat tunda telah dilakukan di kawasan pesisir pantai tenggara perairan Laut China Selatan dengan menggunakan bot pukat tunda komersial.  Sebanyak enam spesies ikan kekek telah ditangkap di sepanjang kajian.  Ikan yang matang bagi setiap spesies dikaji-selidik bagi membezakan ciri-ciri sistematik termasuklah kiraan meristik dan perbezaan rupa morfologi.  Berdasarkan ciri-ciri sistematik ini, pemerihalan bergambar dibina bagi setiap spesies ikan.  Seterusnya kajian terperinci terhadap tumbesaran populasi spesies ikan dominan dianggarkan melalui analisis model regresi alometrik, perkaitan panjang (L) dan berat (W) (W = aLb).  Hasil kajian menunjukkan pekali regresi b bagi setiap spesies ikan masing-masing bernilai 3.337±0.105 bagi Photoplagios stercorarius, 2.530±0.298 bagi Photopectoralis bindus, 2.690±0.330 bagi Secutor insidiator dan 2.211±0.507 bagi Gazza minuta.  Analisis kandungan perut menunjukkan corak atau tabiat pemakanan bagi setiap spesies ikan kekek.  Maklumat kandungan makanan ini digunakan untuk menilai paras trofodinamik ikan kekek dalam persekitaran semula jadi.   Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa min paras trofik bagi setiap spesies ikan masing-masing bernilai 3.222±0.491 bagi P. bindus, 2.753±0.291 bagi G. minuta, 2.662±0.316 bagi P. stercorarius, 2.865±0.298 bagi S. insidiator, 2.490±0.267 bagi Leiognathus jonesi dan 2.413±0.296 bagi Leiognathus oblongus.  Nilai min RLG bagi P. stercorarius adalah 0.8740±0.0576, 0.5135±0.0942 bagi G. minuta dan 1.1399±0.2611 bagi P. bindus.  Biologi pembiakan bagi spesies ikan kekek terpilih menunjukkan gonad ikan kekek adalah monolobus dan keadaan kematangan oosit pada waktu persampelan adalah dalam proses kematangan dan matang.  Nilai min GSI bagi spesies ikan dikaji masing-masing adalah, 4.002±0.650 bagi P. bindus, 2.540±0.430 bagi P. stercorarius, 5.638±1.114 bagi S. insidiator, 0.382±0.070 bagi G. minuta, 2.925±0.820 bagi L. oblongus, 1.578±0.821 bagi L. jonesi dan 2.569±1.451 bagi Nuchequula decora.

 

Kata kunci: Kiraan meristik; pencirian morfometrik; perkaitan panjang-berat; paras trofik; Indeks gonadosomatik; leiognathidae

 

 

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*Correspondinh author

 

 

 

 

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