Sains Malaysiana 38(6)(2009): 877–881

Effect of Ratio of Initial Input Materials on the Liquefaction

of Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB)

(Kesan Nisbah Bahan Pemula terhadap Pencecairan Serabut Tandan Kosong (EFB)

Ali Ahmadzadeh*, Sarani Zakaria & Maisarah Yusoff

School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology

University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor D.E., Malaysia

Received: 11 June 2008 / Accepted: 1 May 2009

ABSTRACT

The liquefaction of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) in phenol was carried out in the presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst in the reflux condenser system. The effect of initial phenol input and EFB on liquefaction reaction was investigated by measuring the reaction yield, EFB residue and combined phenol. The initial ratio of phenol to EFB has the greatest influence on the residue and reaction yield. The liquefaction products consist of some liquid by products with high amount of OH groups. The amount of this byproduct was 0.5 time of the solid product (phenolic resin).

Keywords: Empty fruit bunches; liquefaction; phenol; sulfuric acid

ABSTRAK

Pencecairan serabut tandan kosong kelapa sawit (EFB) dalam fenol telah dilakukan dengan kehadiran asid sulfurik sebagai mangkin dalam sistem kondenser refluks. Kesan kemasukan awal fenol dan EFB terhadap tindak balas pencecairan telah dikaji dengan pengukuran hasil tindak balas, baki EFB dan fenol tergabung. Hasil kajian menunjukkan nisbah awal fenol terhadap EFB memberi kesan terhadap baki dan tindak balas hasil. Bahan pencecairan mengandungi beberapa bahan sampingan cecair dengan kehadiran kumpulan OH yang tinggi. Jumlah hasil sampingan bahan tersebut adalah 0.5 kali hasil pepejal (resin fenol).

Kata kunci: asid sulfurik; fenol; pencecairan; serabut tandan kosong

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*Corresponding author; email: aliahmadzadeh12@yahoo.com