Sains Malaysiana 40(6)(2011): 555–560

Accumulation and Distribution of Lead and Copper in Avicennia marina and Rhizophora apiculata from Balok Mangrove Forest, Pahang, Malaysia

(Akumulasi Plumbum and Kuprum di dalam Avicennia marina and Rhizophora apiculata

di Hutan Paya Bakau Balok, Pahang, Malaysia)

B. Y. Kamaruzzaman*, M. Z. Rina Sharlinda, B. Akbar John. & A. Siti Waznah

Institute of Oceanography and Maritime Studies, International Islamic University Malaysia

Jalan Istana, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia

Received: 13 April 2010 / Accepted: 10 November 2010.

ABSTRACT

Bioaccumulation of lead and Copper in Avicennia marina and Rhizophora apiculata was studied. Samples of leaves, barks and roots were collected from Balok mangrove forest, Pahang. Pb and Cu accumulation was higher in Avicennia marina root tissue compared to bark and leaf but lower than surrounding sediment level. The average concentration of Pb in A. marina leaf, bark, root and sediment was observed to be 5.39 ppm, 3.63 ppm, 18.21 ppm and 23.13 ppm, and average Cu concentration was 4.13 ppm, 4.27 ppm, 4.81 ppm and 12.33 ppm, respectively. R. apiculata also showed higher concentration of Pb and Cu in root tissue compared to bark and leaf tissues but lower than surrounding sediment. The average concentration of Pb in R. apiculata leaf, bark, root and sediment was observed to be 4.30 ppm, 2.97 ppm, 22.45 ppm and 31.23 ppm, respectively. The average Cu concentration was 2.93 ppm, 4.71 ppm, 4.81 ppm and 15.52 ppm, respectively. Results of concentration factors (CF) showed that the accumulation of Pb and Cu was higher in A. marina than in R. apiculata.

Keywords: Concentration factor; copper, lead; mangrove forest

ABSTRAK

Bioakumulasi plumbum (Pb) dan kuprum (Cu) dalam Avicennia marina dan Rhizhophora apiculata telah dikaji. Sampel daun, kulit pokok, akar dan sedimen telah diambil dari kawasan hutan paya bakau Balok, Pahang. Kepekatan Pb dan Cu telah menunjukkan kadar akumulasi yang lebih tinggi di dalam akar Avicennia marina berbanding kulit pokok dan daun namun nilainya lebih rendah berbanding kepekatan Pb dan Cu di dalam sedimen persekitaran. Purata kepekatan Pb di dalam daun, kulit pokok, akar dan sedimen Avicennia marina adalah seperti berikut; 5.39 ppm, 3.63 ppm, 18.21 ppm dan 23.13 ppm manakala purata kepekatan Cu pula adalah 4.13 ppm, 4.27 ppm, 4.81 ppm dan 12.33 ppm. Rhizhophora apiculata juga telah menunjukkan nilai kepekatan Pb dan Cu yang lebih tinggi di dalam akar berbanding daun, kulit pokok dan sedimen persekitaran. Purata kepekatan Pb di dalam daun, kulit pokok, akar dan sedimen adalah seperti berikut; 4.30 ppm, 2.97 ppm, 22.45 ppm dan 31.23 ppm. Didapati purata kepekatan Cu pula adalah seperti berikut; 2.93 ppm, 4.71 ppm, 4.81 ppm dan 15.52 ppm. Keputusan daripada kiraan faktor kepekatan (CF) telah membuktikan bahawa kadar akumulasi Pb dan Cu adalah lebih tinggi di dalam Avicennia marina berbanding Rhizophora apiculata.

Kata kunci: Faktor kepekatan; Hutan paya bakau; Kuprum; Plumbum

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*Corresponding author; email: kama@iium.edu.my