Sains Malaysiana 42(11)(2013): 1599–1603

 

Gene Mutation Effect of Aqueous and Methanol Extracts of Salted Fish

from Pulau Pinang, Malaysia towards V79 Lung Fibroblast Cells

(Kesan Mutasi Gen Ekstrak Akues dan Metanol Ikan Masin dari Pulau Pinang, Malaysia terhadap

Sel FibroblasParu-paru V79)

Ahmad Rohi Ghazali*, Rasyidah Mohamad Halim, Nor Fadilah Rajab, Noorain Ramli, Rozaini Abdullah, Firdaus Kamarulzaman & Zaliha Harun

Biomedical Science Programme, School of Diagnostic and Applied Health Sciences

Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz

50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

 

Received: 2 February 2012/Accepted: 9 April 2013

 

ABSTRACT

Salted fish is a locally processed raw food which is used in everyday cooking among Malaysians. Previous studies suggested that salted fish intake was a risk of nasopharyngeal cancer. Hence, this study was carried out to evaluate gene mutation effects through the induction of mutagenic effect of aqueous and methanol extracts of salted fish from Balik Pulau, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Balik Pulau was chosen for sampling purpose due to its popularity as a commercial centre for local raw fisheries in Malaysia. Evaluation of mutagenic effect was carried out by hprt Gene Mutation Assay towards V79 lung fibroblast cells. It was found that the aqueous and methanol extracts of salted fish were not cytotoxic towards V79 lung fibroblast cells. It was also found that the extracts of salted fish from Balik Pulau were not mutagenic towards hprt gene of V79 lung fibroblast cells as the mutation frequency of the extracts did not exceed 3 times of the value for negative control mutation frequency. In conclusion, both aqueous and methanol extracts of salted fish from Balik Pulau did not have gene mutation effect towards hprt gene in vitro. However, other toxicological profile could be assessed to determine the mechanism of toxicity of salted fish.

 

Keywords: Cytotoxic; gene mutation; hprt; Pulau Pinang; salted fish

 

ABSTRAK

Ikan masin merupakan salah satu makanan tempatan terproses yang kerap digunakan dalam masakan harian penduduk Malaysia. Kajian terdahulu menunjukkan perkaitan antara pengambilan ikan masin dengan risiko menghidap penyakit kanser nasofarinks. Oleh itu, kajian ini telah dijalankan untuk menilai kesan mutasi gen melalui induksi aktiviti mutagenisiti pada ekstrak akues dan metanol ikan masin dari Balik Pulau, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Balik Pulau telah dipilih sebagai kawasan persampelan kerana popularitinya sebagai pusat pengeluaran ikan mentah tempatan di Malaysia. Penilaian kesan mutagenik telah dijalankan dengan menggunakan Asai Mutasi Gen hprt menggunakan sel selanjar V79 iaitu sel fibroblas paru-paru. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa ekstrak akues dan metanol ikan masin tidak sitotoksik terhadap sel fibroblas paru-paru V79. Hasil kajian ini juga mendapati bahawa ekstrak ikan masin dari Balik Pulau tidak mutagenik ke arah gen hprt sel fibroblast paru-paru V79 dengan frekuensi mutasi ekstrak tidak melebihi 3 kali nilai frekuensi mutasi berbanding kawalan negatif. Kesimpulannya, kedua-dua ekstrak akues dan metanol ikan masin dari Balik Pulau tidak menyebabkan mutasi pada gen hprt secara in vitro.

 

Kata kunci: hprt; ikan masin; mutasi gen; Pulau Pinang; sitotoksisiti

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*Corresponding author; email: rohi@medic.ukm.my