Sains Malaysiana 44(1)(2015): 83–89

 

The Persistence of Deltamethrin in Malaysian Agricultural Soils

(Kekekalan Deltametrin dalam Tanah Pertanian Malaysia)

 

B.S. ISMAIL*, M. MAZLINDA & M.A. TAYEB

School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Received: 24 September 2013/Accepted: 24 June 2014

 

ABSTRACT

Studies on the persistence and dissipation of deltamethrin (C22H19Br2NO3) in two types of soil, namely peat and silty clay were conducted under laboratory conditions. The analysis was done using a gas chromatography (GC) equipped with an electron capture detector (ECD). The dissipation rate of deltamethrin was faster in silty clay soil than in peat soil at 25°C. When the temperature was increased from 25 to 35°C, the half-life of deltamethrin decreased by 32.53% in peat soil and 22.9% in the silty clay soil in the presence of light. When the same experiment was conducted in the dark, the decrease in the half-life of deltamethrin was 27.9% in peat soil and 22.5% in silty clay soil. When the soil moisture content was increased from 40 to 60%, the half-life of deltamethrin decreased by 50.7 and 19.75% in peat soil and silty clay soil, respectively. A significant degradation rate of deltamethrin was observed in non-autoclaved soil compared with that in autoclaved soil where the half-life was reduced by 76.05% in peat soil and 59.21% in silty clay soil. The results showed that the degradation rate of deltamethrin in soil had a direct relationship with the microbial activity in the soil.

 

Keywords: Deltamethrin; half-life; microbial activity; persistence; soils

 

ABSTRAK

Kajian ke atas kekekalan dan kadar resapan deltametrin (C22H19Br2NO3) dalam dua jenis tanah (tanah gambut dan tanah liat berkelodak) telah dijalankan dalam keadaan makmal. Analisis ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan gas kromatografi (GC) dilengkapi dengan elektron pengesan tangkapan (ECD). Kadar resapan deltametrin adalah lebih tinggi dalam tanah liat berkelodak daripada tanah gambut pada 25°C. Apabila suhu meningkat antara 25 hingga 35°C, separuh hayat deltametrin menurun sebanyak 32.53% di dalam tanah gambut dan 22.9% dalam tanah liat berkelodak dengan kehadiran cahaya. Apabila kajian yang sama dijalankan dalam keadaan gelap, penurunan separuh hayat deltametrin adalah lebih tinggi dengan 27.9% di dalam tanah gambut dan 22.5% dalam tanah liat berkelodak. Apabila kelembapan tanah meningkat daripada 40 kepada 60%, separuh hayat deltametrin masing-masing menurun kepada 50.7 dan 19.75% dalam tanah gambut dan dalam tanah liat berkelodak. Kadar penurunan deltametrin yang ketara diperhatikan di dalam tanah bukan autoklaf berbanding tanah autoklaf dengan separuh hayat telah dikurangkan kepada 76.05% di dalam tanah gambut dan 59.21% dalam tanah liat berkelodak. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa kadar penguraian deltametrin dalam tanah mempunyai hubungan yang kukuh dengan aktiviti mikrob di dalam tanah.

 

Kata kunci: Aktiviti mikrob; deltametrin; kekekalan; separuh hayat; tanah

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*Corresponding author; email: ismail@ukm.edu.my

 

 

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