Sains Malaysiana 44(2)(2015): 275–280

Effects of Different Drying Methods on the Antioxidant Activities of Leaves and Berries of Cayratia trifolia

(Kesan Kaedah Pengeringan yang Berbeza Terhadap Aktiviti Antioksida Daun dan Beri Cayratia trifolia

M.S. RABETA* & S.P. LIN

Food Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia

11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia

Received: 8 February 2013/Accepted: 9 July 2014

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to assess the effects of fresh, thermal drying method (vacuum oven drying), and nonthermal drying method (freeze drying) on the antioxidant activities of leaves and berries of Cayratia trifolia using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 1,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity (DPPH) assays. The total phenolic content (TPC) and flavonoid content (TFC) of the leaves and berries of C. trifolia were also measured. Based on the results obtained, the TPC, TFC, and antioxidant activities of the leaves and berries were arranged in the following order: freeze-dried sample with methanol extraction > vacuum-dried sample with methanol extraction > freeze-dried sample with water extraction > vacuum-dried sample with water extraction > fresh sample with methanol extraction > fresh sample with water extraction. The results showed a significant difference (p<0.05) between the fresh and dried samples. In conclusion, freeze drying was found to be a good method for maintaining TPC, TFC, and antioxidant activities by FRAP and DPPH methods in the leaves and berries of C. trifolia.

Keywords: Cayratia trifolia; drying method; total antioxidant activity; total flavonoid; total phenolic

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini bertujuan menilai kesan kaedah pengeringan yang berbeza terhadap sampel segar, kaedah pengeringan terma (pengeringan ketuhar vakum) dan kaedah pengeringan tak terma (pengeringan beku) ke atas aktiviti antioksida daun dan beri Cayratia trifolia yang diukur melalui asai kuasa antioksidan penurunan ferik (FRAP) dan asai 1,1-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH). Jumlah kandungan fenolik (TPC) dan flavonoid (TFC) juga diukur. Berdasarkan keputusan yang diperolehi, jumlah kandungan fenolik, flavonoid dan jumlah aktiviti antioksidan dalam daun dan beri boleh disusun seperti berikut: Sampel yang dikering secara pembekuan dengan pengekstrakan metanol > sampel yang dikering secara oven vakum dengan pengekstrakan metanol > sampel yang dikering secara pembekuan dengan pengekstrakan air > sampel yang dikering secara oven vakum dengan pengekstrakan air > sampel yang segar dengan pengekstrakan metanol > sampel yang segar dengan pengekstrakan air. Keputusan menunjukkan perbezaan yang signifikan (p<0.05) antara sampel segar dan kering. Kesimpulannya, pengeringan pembekuan dikenal pasti sebagai kaedah yang baik untuk mengekalkankan jumlah kandungan fenolik, flavonoid dan aktiviti antioksidan melalui kaedah FRAP dan DPPH dalam daun dan beri C. trifolia.

Kata kunci: Cayratia trifolia; jumlah aktiviti antioksida; jumlah fenolik; jumlah flavonoid; kaedah pengeringan

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*Corresponding author; email: rabeta75@yahoo.com