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Sains Malaysiana 44(7)(2015): 987–994 Effects of Ammonium Carbonate Post Treatment on Phenolic Resin Treated Sesenduk (Endospermum diadenum) Wood (Kesan Pasca Rawatan
Amonium Karbonat terhadap Kayu Sesenduk (Endospermum diadenum)
yang Dirawat dengan
Resin Fenolik) ZAIDON ASHAARI*,
LEE
SENG
HUA
& MOHD NOR EFFENDI
BIN RADZALI Faculty of Forestry, Universiti
Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Received: 23 September 2014/Accepted:
16 February 2015 ABSTRACT The bulking treatment with
phenolic resin is well known as a treatment to improve the properties
of low density wood but high amount of formaldehyde emission will
be released during and after treatment. A study was conducted to
determine the performance of phenolic resin treated sesenduk (Endospermum diadenum) wood
post treated with ammonium carbonate and urea. Wood strips were
treated separately with 30% low molecular weight phenol formaldehyde
resin (LmwPF)
resin and mixture of LmwPF with urea (30% based on solid PF)
using empty-cell process. Two products were produced from the treatment,
i.e. impreg and compreg. After conditioning, the surfaces of the
samples were applied with ammonium carbonate solution at 10, 20
and 30 g/m2.
The samples were then stacked and stored at 60°C for 48 h.
Properties such as formaldehyde emission, strength and dimensional
stability were evaluated. The results showed that the post treatment
with ammonium carbonate has successfully reduced the formaldehyde
emission from the sesenduk wood. The degree of reduction was depended
on the amount of ammonium carbonate applied on the samples. The
results also showed that the sesenduk wood treated with mixture
of PF and urea had lower formaldehyde emission. Post treatment
with ammonium carbonate did not significantly affect the physical
and mechanical properties of the sesenduk wood. Keywords: Ammonium carbonate;
compreg; formaldehyde emission; impreg; sesenduk ABSTRAK Rawatan pukal dengan fenolik
resin dikenali sebagai rawatan untuk meningkatkan kualiti kayu berketumpatan
rendah tetapi jumlah formaldehid yang tinggi akan dibebaskan semasa
dan selepas rawatan. Suatu kajian telah dijalankan untuk menentukan
prestasi kayu sesenduk (Endospermum diadenum) yang dirawat dengan fenolik resin selepas
disapu dengan amonium karbonat dan urea. Jejalur kayu telah dirawat
dengan 30% resin formaldehid fenol berat molekul rendah (LmwPF)
dan juga campuran LmwPF dengan urea (30% berdasarkan PF
pepejal) secara berasingan dengan menggunakan proses
sel-kosong. Dua produk terhasil daripada rawatan ini iaitu impreg
dan compreg. Selepas penyamanan, permukaan sampel akan disapu dengan
campuran amonium karbonat pada kadar 10, 20 dan 30 g/m2. Ia kemudian disusun dan disimpan pada 60°C
selama 48 jam. Sifat yang dinilai adalah perlepasan formaldehid,
kekuatan dan kestabilan dimensi. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa perlepasan
formaldehid telah dikurangkan selepas dirawat dengan amonium karbonat.
Kadar pengurangan adalah bergantung kepada jumlah penggunaan amonium
karbonat pada sampel. Keputusan juga menunjukkan kayu sesenduk yang
dirawat dengan campuran PF dan
urea mempunyai perlepasan formaldehid yang kurang daripada kayu
sesenduk yang dirawat dengan PF sahaja. Rawatan dengan amonium karbonat
tidak mengubah sifat fizikal and mekanik kayu sesenduk dengan ketara.
Kata kunci: Amonium karbonat; compreg; impreg; perlepasan formaldehid;
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