Sains Malaysiana 45(2)(2016): 177–184

Profiling of Anti-Oxidative Enzymes and Lipid Peroxidation in Leaves of Salt Tolerant and Salt Sensitive Maize Hybrids under NaC1 and Cd Stress

(Pemprofilan Enzim Anti-Oksida dan Pengoksidaan Lipid dalam Daun Jagung Hibrid Toleransi

Garam dan Sensitif Garam di bawah Tekanan NaCl dan Cd)

Ghulam Hasan Abbasi¹, Muhammad Ijaz*², Javaid Akhtar³ & Muhammad Anwar-ul-Haq³, Moazzam Jamil¹, Shafaqat Ali⁴, Rafiq Ahmad⁵ & Hammad Nawaz Khan⁶

¹Department of Soil Science, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan

²College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub-campus Layyah, Pakistan

³Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

⁴Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan

⁵Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan

⁶University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan

Received: 4 October 2014/Accepted: 10 July 2015

ABSTRACT

Effects of NaCl salinity and cadmium on the anti-oxidative activity of enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR) and lipid peroxidation contents; malondialdehyde (MDA) were studied in two maize hybrids of different salt tolerance characteristics. An increase in the amount of lipid peroxidation indicated the oxidative stress induced by NaCl and Cd. The results also depicted that NaCl stress caused an increase in the activities of POD, SOD, CAT, APX and GR while cadmium stress increased the activities of POD, SOD and APX but showed no significant effect on CAT and GR in both the studied hybrids. The combined effect of salinity and cadmium on these parameters was higher than that of sole effect of either NaCl or Cd. It was also found that maize hybrid 26204 had better tolerance against both stresses with strong antioxidant system as compared to that of maize hybrid 8441. A comparison of the antioxidants and lipid peroxidation in two maize hybrids having varying level of NaCl and Cd stress tolerance corroborated the importance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in defense against abiotic stresses.

Keywords: Antioxidant enzymes; cadmium; maize hybrid (Zea mays L.); NaCl; salinity

ABSTRAK

Kesan kemasinan NaCl dan kadmium terhadap aktiviti anti-oksida enzim seperti superoksida dismutase (SOD), katalase (CAT), peroksidase (POD), peroksidase askorbate (APX), glutation reduktase (GR) dan kandungan lipid peroksidaan; malondialdehid (MDA) telah dikaji dalam dua ciri berbeza toleransi garam jagung hibrid. Peningkatan dalam jumlah pengoksidaan lipid menunjukkan tekanan oksida aruhan NaCl dan Cd. Keputusan juga menunjukkan bahawa tekanan NaCl menyebabkan peningkatan dalam aktiviti POD, SOD, CAT, APX dan GR manakala tekanan kadmium meningkatkan aktiviti POD, SOD dan APX tetapi tiada kesan ketara ditunjukkan ke atas CAT dan GR dalam kedua-dua hibrid yang dikaji. Kesan gabungan kemasinan dan kadmium ke atas parameter ini adalah lebih tinggi berbanding dengan kesan tunggal sama ada NaCl atau Cd. Juga didapati bahawa jagung hibrid 26204 mempunyai toleransi yang lebih baik berbanding dengan kedua-dua tekanan dengan sistem antioksidan yang kuat berbanding dengan jagung hibrid 8441. Perbandingan antioksidan dan pengoksidaan lipid dalam dua jagung hibrid yang mempunyai pelbagai tahap toleransi tekanan NaCl dan Cd menyokong kepentingan spesies oksigen reaktif (ROS) dalam pertahanan terhadap tekanan abiotik.

Kata kunci: Enzim antioksida; jagung hibrid (Zea mays L.); kadmium; kemasinan; NaCl

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*Corresponding author; email: ijazhi@yahoo.com