Sains Malaysiana 45(5)(2016): 709–716

Genetic Diversity in Modern T. Aman Rice Varieties of Bangladesh (Oryza sativa L.)

(Kepelbagaian Genetik dalam Varieti Beras Modern T. Aman Bangladesh (Oryza sativa L.))

M.R. BISWASH¹, M. SHARMIN², N.M.F. RAHMAN^3*, T. FARHAT⁴ & M.A. SIDDIQUE⁵

¹Adaptive Research Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

²Horticulture Research Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

³Agricultural Statistics Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

⁴Department of Entomology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Shere Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

⁵Genetic Resources and Seed Division Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Received: 20 December 2014/Accepted: 24 November 2015

ABSTRACT

A field experiment was conducted from June to December, 2013 to study the genetic diversity of 15 modern T. Aman rice varieties of Bangladesh (Oryza sativa L.) with a view to assess the superior genotype in future hybridization program for developing new rice varieties that is suitable for the target environment. Analysis of variance for each trait showed significant differences among the varieties. High heritability associated with high genetic advance in percent of mean was observed for plant height and thousand seed weight which indicated that selection for these characters would be effective. Hence, thrust has to be given for these characters in future breeding program to improve the yield trait in rice. Multivariate analysis based on 10 agronomic characters indicated that the 15 varieties were grouped into four distant clusters. The inter cluster distance was maximum between cluster II and cluster IV. The highest intra-cluster distance was found in cluster IV. Based on positive value of vector 1 and vector 2, plant height and 1000-seed weight had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. From the results, it can be concluded that the varieties BRRI dhan40, BRRI dhan44, BRRI dhan46, BRRI dhan49 and BINA dhan7 may be selected for future hybridization program.

Keywords: Cluster analysis; genetic divergence; multivariate analysis; rice (Oryza sativa L.)

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini dijalankan pada bulan Jun hingga Disember, 2013 untuk mengkaji kepelbagaian genetik 15 varieti padi moden Bangladesh (Oryza sativa L.) T. Aman dengan tujuan untuk menilai genotip unggul dalam program penghibridan masa depan bagi membangunkan varieti padi baru yang sesuai untuk persekitaran sasaran. Analisis varians bagi setiap sifat menunjukkan perbezaan yang signifikan antara jenis trait. Pewarisan tinggi yang berkait dengan kemajuan genetik yang tinggi dalam peratus min diperhatikan pada ketinggian tumbuhan dan seribu berat benih yang menunjukkan pemilihan untuk sifat yang berkesan. Oleh itu, teras perlu diberikan untuk sifat ini dalam program pembiakan masa depan untuk meningkatkan ciri beras. Analisis multivariat berdasarkan 10 aksara agronomi menunjukkan bahawa 15 jenis telah dikumpulkan ke dalam empat kelompok jauh. Jarak kelompok inter maksimum adalah antara kelompok II dan kelompok IV. Jarak antara kelompok yang paling tinggi didapati dalam kelompok IV. Berdasarkan nilai positif vektor 1 dan vektor 2, ketinggian dan berat 1000 biji mempunyai sumbangan maksimum terhadap perbezaan genetik. Daripada keputusan dapat disimpulkan bahawa jenis BRRI dhan40, BRRI dhan44, BRRI dhan46, BRRI dhan49 dan BINA dhan7 boleh dipilih untuk program penghibridan pada masa hadapan.

Kata kunci: Analisis kelompok; analisis multivariat; beras (Oryza sativa L.); perbezaan genetic

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*Corresponding author; email: niaz.sust@gmail.com