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Sains Malaysiana 46(10)(2017): 1749–1756
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4610-11
Pengoptimumam Pemprosesan
Komposit rHDPE Berpenguat Sekam
Padi dengan
Kaedah Tindak Balas
Permukaan (RSM) (Optimization of rHDPE Reinforced
Rice Husk Composite Processing by Response Surface
Method (RSM)) NISHATA ROYAN
RAJENDRAN
ROYAN*,
ABU
BAKAR
SULONG,
NOR
YULIANA
YUHANA,
MOHD
HAFIZUDDIN
AB
GHANI
& SAHRIM AHMAD Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi,
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600
UKM Bangi,
Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia Received: 24 March
2017/Accepted: 9 June 2017 ABSTRAK Kaedah tindak balas
permukaan (RSM) telah
digunakan untuk
mengoptimumkan penyediaan biokomposit rHDPE berpenguat sekam padi sebagai pengisi. Sekam padi adalah sisa
pertanian yang mempunyai
ciri-ciri kayu dan digunakan secara
pesat dalam
bidang komposit kayu plastik. Kesan parameter suhu, tekanan serta masa proses tekanan panas ke
atas kekuatan
tegangan telah dikaji. Reka bentuk Box Bechken
telah digunakan
untuk menentukan parameter optimum
biokomposit yang mempunyai
kekuatan tegangan
yang tinggi. Model tertib
kedua telah
dibangunkan untuk meramalkan kekuatan tegangan berdasarkan reka bentuk komposit.
Didapati
bahawa komposit sesuai digunakan apabila model regresi kuadratik dengan pekali penentu bilang (R2) yang tinggi.
Keadaan proses menekan
yang optimum dicapai pada
suhu 180°C, tekanan 1000 psi dan masa 9 min dengan pekali penentu berbilang mencapai 97%. Di bawah keadaan
yang optimum ini, komposit
yang mengandungi 10, 20, 30, 40 dan
50% gentian RH telah disediakan.
Kekuatan
tegangan dan modulus tegangan biokomposit menunjukkan peningkatan apabila kandungan gentian RH
ditambah. Kata kunci:
Biokomposit; kaedah
tindak balas permukaan;
kekuatan tegangan;
pengoptimuman; sekam padi ABSTRACT In this study, response surface
methodology (RSM) was used to optimize preparation of biocomposites based on rHDPE and
rice husk (RH) filler. RH is an agriculture waste which
has the characteristic of wood and being used tremendously in
wood plastic composites. The effects of pressing temperature,
pressing pressure and pressing time on tensile strength were
investigated. A Box Bechken design
was employed to determine the optimum preparation condition
of the biocomposites to obtain the highest tensile strength. A second-order
polynomial model was developed for predicting the tensile strength
based on the composite design. It was found that composites
were best fit by a quadratic regression model with high coefficient
of determination (R2)
value. The selected optimum pressing condition was 180°C at
1000 psi and 9 min of pressing, leading to a desirability of
97%. Under the optimum condition, the composites were then prepared
containing 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 wt. % of RH
fibers. The tensile strength and the tensile modulus
of the biocomposites shows
a good trend, respectively. Keywords: Biocomposite; optimization; response surface methodology;
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