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Sains
Malaysiana 47(11)(2018): 2811–2820 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4711-24
Olive and Its Phenolic Compound as the Promising Neuroprotective
Agent (Sebatian Fenolik di
dalam Buah Zaitun Berpotensi sebagai Agen Perlindungan Saraf) KHIDHIR KAMIL1,
JAYA
KUMAR1,
MUHAMMAD
DAIN
YAZID2
& RUSZYMAH
BINTI HAJI IDRUS1* 1Department of Physiology, Faculty
of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak,
56000 Cheras , Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia 2Tissue Engineering Centre, Faculty
of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak,
56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia Received: 30 March 2018/Accepted: 30 July 2018 ABSTRACT
Recent
progress in alternative medicine has highlighted the benefits
of olive as an integral part of therapeutic diet to promote healthy
living. Among the thirty different phenolic compounds of olive
known to date; oleocanthal, oleuropein, tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol
are being increasingly investigated for their potential in prevention
and healing of several major forms of neurological dysfunctions
and disorders. A considerable amount of literature suggests the
neuroprotective effects of olive and its phenolic compounds are
owing to their roles as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic
agents. At preclinical level, olive attenuated cognitive dysfunctions
and the functional outcomes in spinal cord injury, delayed the
progression of amyloid beta pathology, improved motor and mitochondrial
dysfunctions in Parkinson’s disease, reversed diabetic-related
neurological complications and also ameliorated cerebral pathologies
in stroke. In this paper, we aim to review the neuroprotective
role of olive and its phenolic derivatives in the following diseases
or deficits of the nervous system that include cognitive dysfunction,
neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, peripheral neuropathy and
spinal cord injury. Keywords:
Neuroprotection; neurodegeneration; neuropathy; nerve; olive;
Olea europaea ABSTRAK Perkembangan
terkini dalam perubatan alternatif telah membuktikan khasiat buah
zaitun sebagai bahan penting dalam diet yang menggalakkan gaya
hidup sihat. Antara tiga puluh sebatian fenolik yang terdapat
di dalam buah zaitun; oleocantal, oleuropein, tirosol dan hidroksitirosol
telah dikaji dengan kerap akan potensinya dalam mencegah dan merawat
beberapa penyakit berkaitan saraf. Beberapa kajian telah mengesyorkan
keupayaannya dalam memberi perlindungan adalah disebabkan oleh
fungsinya sebagai anti-oksidan, anti-radang dan anti-apoptosis.
Kesan zaitun ke atas perlindungan sistem saraf masih belum diterokai
sepenuhnya pada peringkat ujian klinikal setakat ini. Manakala
pada peringkat pra-klinikal pula, buah zaitun mampu memperbaiki
fungsi kognitif otak, mengurangkan komplikasi akibat daripada
kecederaan saraf tunjang, melambatkan kesan patologi oleh protein
amiloid beta, memperbaiki fungsi motor dan mitokondria dalam penyakit
Parkinson, merawat komplikasi penyakit diabetes dan mengurangkan
kerosakan tisu kepada otak semasa strok. Dalam kertas ini, kesan
perlindungan buah zaitun dalam kategori penyakit seperti berikut:
kerosakan fungsi kognitif, penyakit neurodegeneratif, strok, periferal
neuropati dan kecederaan saraf tunjang akan didalami. Kata
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