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Sains Malaysiana 47(1)(2018): 51–58
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4701-06
Boron
Application in Clay-Loam Soil for Improved Growth, Yield and Protein Contents
of Mungbean in Water-Stresses
(Aplikasi
Boron dalam Tanah Lom Liat untuk Pertumbuhan
yang Lebih Baik,
Hasil dan Kandungan
Protein Kacang Mung Tegasan-Air)
RIZWAN MAQBOOL1*, WAQAR ALI1, MUHAMMAD ATHER NADEEM1 & TASAWER ABBAS1,2
1Department of
Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
2Department of
Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, 1366 W, Altheimer Dr. Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA
Received: 11
December 2016/Accepted: 7 June 2017
ABSTRACT
Boron is considered
important to improve the drought resistance, yield and protein contents of pulses.
Two years of field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of boron
application and water stress given at vegetative and flowering stages on
growth, yield and protein contents of mungbean during
spring 2014 and 2015. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block
design with split-plot arrangement giving more emphasis to boron. The
experiment comprised three water stress levels (normal irrigation, water stress
at vegetative stage and water stress at reproductive phase) and four boron
levels (0, 2, 4 and 6 kg ha-1). Final seed yield was
significantly increased by different levels of boron application both under
normal and water stressed conditions. The increase in yield was mainly due to
greater plant height, number of pods bearing branches, number of pods per
plant, number of seeds per pod and 1000-grain weight. Boron application at 4 kg
ha-1 caused 17%, 10% and 4%
increase in grain yield under normal irrigation, stress at vegetative stage and
water stress at reproductive phase, respectively. Protein contents were also
increased (9-16%) at same boron treatment. Most parameters showed a marked
decrease at higher dose (6 kg ha-1) of boron. In
conclusion, the boron application at rate of 4 kg ha-1 in
clay-loam soil performed the best to enhance mungbean growth, yield and seed protein both under normal and water stressed conditions.
Keywords: Climate change;
drought stress tolerance; semi-arid conditions; soil boron application; Vigna radiata
ABSTRAK
Boron
dianggap penting
untuk meningkatkan kemarau rintangan, hasil dan kandungan
protein denyutan. Kajian lapangan selama dua tahun telah
dijalankan untuk
menilai kesan daripada
aplikasi boron dan
tegasan air diberikan pada peringkat vegetatif dan pembungaan
ke atas
kandungan pertumbuhan,
hasil dan protein kacang mung semasa musim bunga
2014 dan 2015. Kajian
telah dibentangkan
dalam reka bentuk
blok lengkap
dengan susunan
split-plot yang memberi lebih
banyak penekanan kepada boron. Kajian ini terdiri
daripada tiga tahap
tekanan air (pengairan
biasa, tegasan air pada peringkat vegetatif dan tegasan
air pada fasa
reproduktif) serta empat tahap boron (0, 2, 4 dan 6 kg ha-1). Hasil akhir benih meningkat
dengan ketara
oleh pelbagai peringkat
aplikasi boron kedua-dua
di bawah keadaan
normal dan tegasan air. Peningkatan
hasil adalah disebabkan
oleh ketinggian
tumbuhan, bilangan lengai berdahan, bilangan lengai setiap tumbuhan, bilangan benih setiap lengai dan
berat 1000-bijian. Aplikasi boron pada
4 kg ha-1 menyebabkan
17%, 10% dan 4% peningkatan
dalam hasil
benih di bawah pengairan biasa, tegasan pada peringkat
vegetatif dan
tegasan air pada fasa reproduktif. Kandungan protein turut meningkat (9-16%) pada rawatan boron yang sama.
Kebanyakan
parameter menunjukkan penurunan
yang ketara pada
dos boron lebih tinggi (6 kg ha-1).
Kesimpulannya, aplikasi
boron pada kadar
4 kg ha-1 dalam
tanah lom liat
melakukan yang terbaik untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan kacang mung, hasil dan protein benih pada kedua-dua
keadaan normal dan
tegasan air.
Kata kunci: Aplikasi tanah boron; keadaan separa gersang; perubahan iklim; toleransi tekanan kemarau; Vigna radiate
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*Corresponding author; email: tagondaluaf@gmail.com
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