Sains Malaysiana 47(5)(2018): 977–989

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4705-13

 

Inclusion of Curcumin in β-cyclodextrins as Potential Drug Delivery System: Preparation, Characterization and Its Preliminary Cytotoxicity Approaches

(Penambahan Kurkumin dalam β-siklodekstrin sebagai Potensi Sistem Penyampaian Ubat: Penyediaan, Pencirian dan Pendekatan Awal Kesitotoksikan)

 

MUHAMMAD HASNOR JA'FAR¹, NIK NUR SYAZNI NIK MOHAMED KAMAL¹, BOON YIH HUI¹, MUHAMMAD FAHMI KAMARUZZAMAN¹, NUR NADHIRAH MOHAMAD ZAIN¹, NOORFATIMAH YAHAYA¹ & MUGGUNDHA RAOOV*^2,3

 

¹Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

²Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

 

³Universiti Malaya Centre for Ionic Liquids (UMCiL), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

 

Received: 2 September 2017/Accepted: 5 December 2017

 

ABSTRACT

The development and application of organic based drug carrier in drug delivery system (DDSs) with greater efficacy and fewer side effects remains a significant challenge in modern scientific and medical research. The aim of current study was to evaluate the ability of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) as drug delivery carrier to encapsulate Curcumin (CUR), a promising chemotherapeutic that exhibits low aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability forming inclusion complex by kneading method to enhance its delivery to cancer cells. Different methods and analysis such as Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Thermo-gravimetric Analysis (TGA) were employed to approve the successful formation of the inclusion complex where the aromatic ring of CUR has been encapsulated by the hydrophobic cavity of β-CD. UV absorption indicated that β-CD complex with CUR with an apparent formation constant of 1.09 × 10-8mol-1dm-3. Based on the data obtained by methylthiazole tetrazolium (MTT), β-CD showed that not only did it enhanced Curcumin delivery, but it also improved and promoted the anti-proliferative effect of CUR during the complexation rather than CUR alone on the MCF-7 human breast cancer cells at 24 h incubation period with IC50 lower than that of Curcumin alone. The toxicities of the β-CD-CUR towards MCF-7 cells were also compared to the free tamoxifen, Curcumin and β-CD. This study provides a preliminary toxicity evaluation based on β-CD-CUR inclusion complex as potential delivery system towards the selected cancer cells.

 

Keywords: β-cyclodextrin; Curcumin; cytotoxicity; inclusion complex

 

ABSTRAK

Perkembangan dan penggunaan pengangkut ubat organik dalam sistem pengangkutan ubat (DDSs) dengan lebih berkesan dan kesan sampingan yang sedikit masih menjadi cabaran besar dalam penyelidikan sains dan perubatan moden. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menilai keupayaan β-siklodekstrin (β-CD) sebagai pengangkut ubat untuk merangkumkan Kurkumin (CUR), satu kemoterapeutik yang mempunyai kelarutan air dan ketersediaan biologi rendah agar dapat membentuk kompleks inklusi dengan cara menguli untuk meningkatkan penghantarannya ke sel kanser. Kaedah pencirian seperti inframerah transformasi Fourier (FTIR), 1H Resonans Magnet Nukleus (1H NMR), pembelauan sinar-X (XRD), Mikroskop Elektron Pengimbas (SEM) dan Analisis -Gravimetrik Terma (TGA) telah digunakan untuk membuktikan pembentukan kompleks inklusif dengan gelang aromatik CUR telah dirangkumkan dalam rongga hidrofobik β-CD. Penyerapan ultra-lembayung (UV) menunjukkan kompleks β-CD dengan CUR mempunyai pembentukan pemalar ketara 1.09 × 10-8 mol-1 dm-3. Berdasarkan data methylthiazole tetrazolium (MTT), β-CD bukan sahaja meningkatkan pengangkutan Kurkuminmalahan menambah baik dan mempromosikan kesan anti-proliferatifnya semasa kompleks pada MCF-7 sel kanser payudara manusia dalam tempoh inkubasi 24 jam dengan IC50 lebih rendah daripada Kurkumin sahaja. Toksiksiti β-CD-CUR terhadap sel MCF-7 juga dibandingkan dengan tamoxifen, Kurkumin dan β-CD asli. Kajian ini berjaya menyediakan penilaian ketoksikan awal berdasarkan rangkuman kompleks β-CD-CUR sebagai sistem pengangkutan ubat yang berpotensi ke arah sel-sel kanser yang dipilih.

 

Kata kunci: β-siklodekstrin; kesitotoksikan ; Kurkumin; rangkuman kompleks

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*Corresponding author; email: muggundha@um.edu.my