Sains Malaysiana 47(7)(2018): 1447–1453

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4707-12

 

Effects of Medicated and Non-medicated Multi-nutrient Block Supplementation on Gastrointestinal Parasite Infestation and Blood Hematological Parameters of Lactating Saanen Goats

(Kesan Penambah Makanan Blok Pelbagai Nutrien Berubat dan Tidak Berubat pada Serangan Parasit Gastrousus dan Parameter Hematologi Darah Kambing Saanen dalam Tempoh Laktasi)

 

MIRA PANADI1*, WAN ZAHARI MOHAMED2, NOR DINI RUSLI1,3 & KHAIRIYAH MAT1

 

1Faculty of Agro Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Locked Beg No 100, 17600 Jeli, Kelantan Darul Naim, Malaysia

 

2Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Locked Bag No 36, Pengkalan Chepa, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan Darul Naim, Malaysia

 

3Institute of Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Locked Bag No 100, 17600 Jeli, Kelantan Darul Naim, Malaysia

 

Received: 13 November 2017/Accepted: 8 March 2018

 

ABSTRACT

In a 90-day feeding trial, twenty four (24) Saanen lactating does were assigned to four treatment group. The treatments were feeding: basal diet only as a control (T1), basal diet with urea molasses multi-nutrient block (UMMB) (T2), basal diet with medicated urea molasses multi-nutrient block (MUMB) (T3) and basal diet with commercial mineral block (CMB) (T4). There were significant differences (p<0.05) between T2, T3 and T4 on the fecal egg count (FEC). Animals in T2 and T3 showed moderate level of parasite infestation i.e. at 750 epg and 950 epg, respectively, while animals in T1 and T4 showed severe parasite load at 4917 epg and 1850 epg, respectively. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) between treatments on WBC, LYM, MON, GRA, RBC, HCT, MCV, MCH, PLT, MPV and PCT. However, significant effects (p<0.05) on HBG, MCHC, RDW and PDW were observed in T2 and T3. This research showed that UMMB and MUMB were effective in controlling parasite infestation in Saanen lactating dairy goats apart from improving their blood hematological parameters. Comparison with CMB showed that it is practical to be used for parasite control.

 

Keywords: Hematological parameters; multi-nutrient block; MUMB; parasite infestation; Saanen

 

ABSTRAK

Dalam 90 hari ujian pemakanan, dua puluh empat (24) ekor kambing Saanen dalam tempoh laktasi dibahagikan kepada empat kumpulan rawatan, dengan setiap kumpulan terdiri daripada enam (6) ekor kambing. Pemakanan yang diterima oleh setiap kumpulan rawatan adalah: makanan asas sahaja (T1), makanan asas dan blok urea molas (UMMB) (T2), makanan asas dan blok urea molas berubat (MUMB) serta makanan asas dan mineral blok komersial (CMB) (T4). Didapati terdapat kesan signifikan (p<0.05) antara T2, T3 dan T4 terhadap kiraan telur parasit (FEC). Kambing pada T2 dan T3 menunjukkan kadar serangan parasit pada tahap pertengahan iaitu masing-masing 750 epg dan 950 epg manakala kambing pada T1 dan T4 menunjukkan serangan kronik iaitu 4917 epg dan 1850 epg. Kesan tidak signifikan (p>0.05) didapati terhadap WBC, LYM, MON, GRA, RBC, HCT, MCV, MCH, PLT, MPV dan PCT. Walau bagaimanapun, terdapat kesan signifikan (p<0.05) antara rawatan terhadap HBG, MCHC, RDW dan PDW antara T2 dan T3. Keputusan kajian ini menunjukkan UMMB dan MUMB efektif dalam mengawal kadar serangan parasit pada kambing Saanen yang dalam tempoh laktasi dan juga memperbaiki parameter hematologi darah. Perbandingan dengan CMB membuktikan bahawa penambah makanan ini praktik dalam mengawal kadar serangan parasit.

Kata kunci: Blok pelbagai nutrien; MUMB; parameter hematologi; Saanen; serangan parasit

REFERENCES

Abid, R., Khan, I., Bhatti, J.A., Shah, Z., Zahoor, A. & Ahmad, S. 2016. Effect of medicated urea molasses blocks on sub-clinical parasitic infestations in goats. Online Journal of Animal and Feed Research 6(2): 57-71.

Akbar, M.A., Ahmed, T.U. & Mondal, M.M.H. 2006. Improving animal productivity and reproductive efficiency: Development and testing medicated urea-molasses multi-nutrient blocks in rural farms of Bangladesh. In Improving Animal Productivity by Supplementary Feeding of Multi-nutrient Blocks, Controlling Internal Parasite and Enhancing Utilization of Alternate Feed Resource, edited by Makkar, H.P.S. & Smith, T. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization.

Ansah, T., Teye, G.A. & Addah, W. 2011. Effect of whole-cotton seed supplementation on growth performance and hematological properties of Djallonke sheep in the dry season. Journal of Animal and Feed Research 1(5): 155-159.

Ayoade, J.A., Wuanor, A.A. & Ochepo, G.O. 2015. Performance, hematology and serum biochemistry of grazing Bunaji bulls supplemented varying levels and agro-industrial by-product based diet. Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science 8(8): 95-100.

Chandrawathani, P. 2014. Problems in the control of nematode parasites of small ruminants in Malaysia: Resistance to anthelmintic and biological control alternative. Ph.D Thesis. Swedish University of Agriculture Sciences, Sweden (Unpublished).

Department of Veterinary Service. 2017. Perangkaan ternakan 2015/2016. http://www.dvs.gov.my/index.php/pages/ view/1743. Accessed on 10 February 2018.

Doan, D.V., Nguyen, V.T., Nguyen, N.T. & Ha, T.K.L. 2006. Development of urea-molasses multi-nutrient block (UMMB) and medicated UMMB (MUMB) for ruminants in Vietnam. In Improving Animal Productivity by Supplementary Feeding of Multinutrient Blocks, Controlling Internal Parasite and Enhancing Utilization of Alternate Feed Resource, edited by Makkar, H.P.S. Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency.

Etim, N.N., Williams, M.E., Akpabio, U. & Offiong, E.E. 2014. Hematological parameters and factor affecting their values. Journal of Agriculture Science 2(1): 37-47.

Fernandez, D. 2012. Fecal egg counting for sheep and goat producers. https://www.uaex.edu/publications/pdf/FSA- 9608.pdf. Accessed on 4 April 2016.

Gendley, M.K., Tiwari, S.P., Dutta, G.K., Kumari, K. & Ratre, H. 2015. Effect of urea molasses mineral block on hematological and biochemical blood parameters in adult goats. Indian Veterinary Journal 92(5): 98-100.

Gwaze, F.R., Chimonyo, M. & Dzama, K. 2012. Effect of season and age on blood minerals, liver enzyme level and faecal egg count in Nguni goats of South Africa. Czech Journal of Animal Science 57(10): 443-453.

Hansen, J. & Perry, B. 1994. The Epidemiology Diagnosis and Control of Helminth Parasites of Ruminants. A Handbook. Kenya: International Laboratory for Research and Animal Diseases.

Harwood, D. 2006. Goat Health and Welfare: A Veterinary Guide. Wiltshire: Crowood Press.

Hepworth, K. & Hutchens, T. 2006. Managing internal parasitism in sheep and goats. Purdue Extension. College of Agriculture, University of Kentucky. pp. 1-10.

Hossain, F.M.A., Hasnath, M.R. & Kabir, M.S. 2011. Hematobiochemical dynamics and body weight gain of Black Bengal goat following urea molasses block (UMB) supplementation. Online Journal of Animal and Feed Research 1(5): 182-185.

IDEXX, Inc. 2009. Reference value for goats mythic 18 vet M-pack hematology Analyzer. USA.

Kioumarsi, H., Yahaya, Z.S. & Rahman, A.W. 2012. The effect of molasses/mineral blocks and medicated blocks on performance, efficiency and carcass characteristics of Boer goats. Annals of Biological Research 3(9): 4574-4577.

Konwar, P., Tiwari, S.P., Gohain, M. & Kumari, K. 2015. The effects of protein dietary supplementation on fecal egg counts and hematological parameters in goat kids with subclinical nematodosis. Veterinary World 8(11): 1351-1355.

Li, H., Wang, K., Lang, L., Xu, Y., Zhang, Q., Zhu, W., Zhang, L., You, Y., Xu, F. & Lu, W. 2014. The use of urea molasses multinutrient block on pica symptom of cattle. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment 12(3 & 4): 415-419.

Muhayat, F. 2013. Animal Feed Resources and Management in Malaysia. Bangkok Thailand. http://cdn.aphca.org/ dmdocuments/Events/FAOAPHCA_Regional_Workshop_ on_Animal_Feed_Resources_Bangkok/130814_S5_ Malaysia_Muhayat.pdf. Accessed on 14 August 2017.

Park, J.H., Yoon, S.H., Kim, S.W., Shin, D., Jin, S.K., Yang, B.S. & Cho, Y.M. 2012. Hematological and serum biochemical parameters of Korean native goats fed with spent mushroom substrate. Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 7(11): 1139-1147.

Rafiq, K., Mostofa, M. & Saiful, M. 2004. Studies of the anti-nematodal effects of medicated urea-molasses mineral blocks against gastrointestinal nematodiasis in indigenous dairy cows of Bangladesh. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science 7(1): 73-78.

Roza, E., Aritonang, S.N. & Sandra, A. 2015. The hematology of lactating buffalo fed local foliage as feed supplement. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 5: 839-845.

Suharyono, Sutanto, H., Purwanti, Y., Martanti, Agus, A. & Utomo, R. 2014. The effect of urea molasses multi-nutrient and medicated block for beef cattle, beef and dairy cow. Atomic Indonesia 40(2): 77-87.

Syomiti, M., Dana, H., Getachew, G., Beatrice, M. & Wamae D. 2015. Medicated Prosopis spp.-based feed blocks for anthelmintic efficacy and performance of weaner lambs. Livestock Research for Rural Development 27(3): Article #50.

Tekeba, E., Wurzinger, M., Baldinger, L. & Zollitsch, W.J. 2013. Effects of dietary supplementation with urea molasses multi-nutrient block on performance of mid lactating local Ethiopia and crossbred dairy cows. Livestock Research for Rural Development 25(6): Article #96.

Wan Zahari, M., Chandrawathani, P., Sani, R.A., Nor Ismail, M.S. & Oshibe, A. 2007. Production and evaluation of medicated urea-molasses mineral blocks for small ruminants in Malaysia. In Feed Supplementation Blocks. Urea Molasses Multi-Nutrient Blocks: Simple and Effective Feed Supplement Technology for Ruminant Agriculture, edited by Makkar, H.P.S., Sanchez, M. & Speedy, A.W. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization.

Waruiru, R.M., Munyua, W.K., Mavuti, S.K., Otieno, R.O., Mutune, M.N. & Maina, V.M. 2017. Effects of medicated urea-molasses block supplementation on productivity and gastrointestinal nematode infestation of sheep in central Kenya. Livestock Research for Rural Development 29(8): Article #161.

Zeleke, M. 2015. Effects of dietary inclusion on mineral supplements with concentrates on nutrient utilization and economic efficiency of sheep fed hay as basal diet. Master Thesis. Haramaya University, Ethiopia (Unpublished).

 

 

*Corresponding author; email: mirapanadi@gmail.com

 

 

 

 

previous