Sains Malaysiana 47(8)(2018): 1625–1634

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4708-01

 

Salvinia molesta dan Pistia stratiotes sebagai Agen Fitoremediasi dalam Rawatan Air Sisa Kumbahan

(Salvinia molesta and Pistia stratiotes as Phytoremediation Agents in Sewage Wastewater Treatment)

 

MARLIA M. HANAFIAH*, NAN HAMIZA SYAZIRA MEGAT MOHAMAD & NUR IZZAH HAMNA ABD. AZIZ

 

Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Received: 14 September 2017/Accepted: 17 March 2018

 

 

ABSTRAK

Akumulasi logam berat dan bahan pencemar ke dalam ekosistem akuatik memberi impak negatif kepada alam sekitar dan organisma akuatik. Salvinia molesta dan Pistia stratiotes merupakan spesies yang mempunyai kadar pertumbuhan yang cepat dan berkemampuan dalam mengakumulasi logam berat dan menyerap nutrien menjadikan ia sesuai digunakan untuk merawat air sisa melalui kaedah bioteknologi iaitu fitoremediasi. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menentukan kualiti air sisa kumbahan sebelum dan selepas rawatan menggunakan kaedah fitoremediasi. Selain itu, objektif kajian ini juga adalah untuk menilai keberkesanan Salvinia molesta dan Pistia stratiotes sebagai agen fitoremediasi bagi rawatan air sisa. Sampel tumbuhan akuatik berbeza berat iaitu 10, 20 dan 30 g diuji untuk rawatan tersebut. Ujian ANOVA satu hala menunjukkan perbezaan kadar pengurangan jumlah pepejal terampai dan ammoniakal nitrogen yang bererti (p<0.05) bagi 10, 20 dan 30 g Pistia stratiotes dan Salvinia molesta sepanjang kajian dijalankan iaitu daripada hari 0 sehingga hari ke-7. Keputusan kajian juga menunjukkan 30 dan 20 g Pistia stratiotes dan Salvinia molesta dapat menyingkirkan jumlah pepejal terampai dan ammoniakal nitrogen dengan lebih cepat berbanding berat tumbuhan 10 g. Ujian ANOVA satu hala juga tidak menunjukkan perbezaan yang bererti bagi kadar pengurangan jumlah pepejal terampai dan ammoniakal nitrogen antara Pistia stratiotes dan Salvinia molesta.

 

Kata kunci: Air sisa kumbahan; fitoremediasi; Pistia stratiotes; Salvinia molesta

 

ABSTRACT

Accumulation of heavy metals and other pollutants into aquatic ecosystem has negative impacts on the environment and aquatic organisms. Salvinia molesta and Pistia stratiotes are both species that have a rapid growth rate and ability to accumulate heavy metals and absorb nutrients making these plants suitable to be used to treat wastewater through biotechnology method of phytoremediation. This study was conducted to determine the quality of sewage wastewater before and after treatment using phytoremediation. In addition, the objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Salvinia molesta and Pistia stratiotes as agents for the treatment of sewage wastewater. Samples with different aquatic plants with weight of 10, 20 and 30 g were tested for the treatment. One-way ANOVA test showed a significant difference (p<0.05) in the rate of reduction of total suspended solids and ammoniacal nitrogen for 10, 20 and 30 g of Pistia stratiotes and Salvinia molesta, from day 0 to day 7. The study also showed that the removal of total suspended solids and ammoniacal nitrogen using 30 and 20 g of Pistia stratiotes and Salvinia molesta were more efficient compared to 10 g. One-way ANOVA test also showed no significant difference in the rate of reduction of total suspended solids and ammoniacal nitrogen between Pistia stratiotes and Salvinia molesta.

 

Keywords: Phytoremediation; Pistia stratiotes; Salvinia molesta; sewage wastewater

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*Corresponding author; email: mhmarlia@ukm.edu.my