Sains Malaysiana 48(1)(2019): 121–127

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4801-14

Cytotoxicity, Proliferation and Migration Rate Assessments of Human Dermal Fibroblast Adult Cells using Zingiber zerumbet Extract

(Penilaian Kesitotoksikan, Proliferasi dan Kadar Migrasi Sel Dewasa Fibroblas Derma Manusia menggunakan Ekstrak Zingiber zerumbet)

MAZLYZAM ABDUL LATIF¹, FARAH WAHIDA IBRAHIM¹, SITI AISYAH ARSHAD¹, CHUA KIEN HUI², NURUL FARHANA JUFRI¹ & ASMAH HAMID^1*

¹Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre of Health & Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

²Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

Received: 30 March 2018/Accepted: 8 August 2018

ABSTRACT

Zingiber zerumbet is a plant that is traditionally consumed in many countries, including Malaysia due to its therapeutic properties. Previously it has been proven to inhibit migration and proliferation of cancer cells. However, its effects on normal cells are still unknown and would be the main focus of this study. The cytotoxicity along with proliferation and migration activities were evaluated against human dermal fibroblast adult cell line (HDF-a) using MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium], proliferation and scratch assays. The cytotoxicity effect was determined following 24 h of treatment by ethyl acetate Z. zerumbet extracts while proliferation assay was conducted at different concentrations (500, 750, 1000, 1250 and 1500 μg/mL) at 24, 48 and 72 h. The cell migration rate was determined by scratch assay in 6-well culture plate using 10 μL pipette tip following 80% confluency at optimum concentration (750 μg/mL) of Z. zerumbet at different time points. Migration rate was scored at every 24 h using digital camera connected to the inverted microscope. The results from cytotoxicity test showed no IC50 values were observed for Z. zerumbet extract as compared to the positive control (menadione). Proliferation assay exhibited highest cell viability (137%) at 750 μg/mL. The rate of cell migration increased following treatment with Z. zerumbet extract after 48 h. However, the result was not significantly different when compared to the control. In conclusion, Z. zerumbet ethyl acetate extract is able to induce cell proliferation and potentially promoting migration rate of wound healing in in-vitro model.

Keywords: Dermal; fibrolast; migration; proliferation; wound healing; Zingiber zerumbet

ABSTRAK

Zingiber zerumbet merupakan tumbuhan ubatan tradisi yang digunakan di kebanyakan negara termasuk Malaysia disebabkan kesan teraputiknya. Kajian terdahulu telah membuktikan ia dapat menghalang migrasi dan proliferasi sel kanser. Namun, kesan pada sel normal masih belum diketahui dan menjadi fokus kajian ini. Kesan kesitotoksikan serta aktiviti proliferasi dan migrasi terhadap sel dewasa derma fibroblas manusia (HDF-a) dikaji menggunakan asai MTT [3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-difeniltetrazolium], proliferasi dan calaran. Kesan kesitotoksikan ditentukan selepas rawatan selama 24 jam ekstrak etil asetat Z. zerumbet dan asai proliferasi ditentukan pada kepekatan berbeza (500, 750, 1000, 1250 dan 1500 μg/mL) pada 24, 48 dan 72 jam. Kadar migrasi sel ditentukan dengan asai calaran pada jangka waktu berbeza dalam piring kultur 6 telaga menggunakan hujung tip pipet 10 μL selepas sel mencapai 80% konfluensi pada kepekatan optimum (750 μg/mL) Z. zerumbet. Kadar migrasi sel ditentukan setiap 24 jam menggunakan kamera digital yang disambung pada mikroskop. Keputusan daripada ujian kesitotoksikan menunjukkan tiada nilai IC50 diperhatikan pada ekstrak Z. zerumbet apabila dibandingkan dengan kawalan positif (menadion). Asai proliferasi menunjukkan keviabelan sel yang tinggi (137%) pada kepekatan 750 μg/mL. Kadar migrasi sel meningkat selepas 48 jam rawatan dengan ekstrak Z. zerumbet. Namun, keputusan menunjukkan tiada perbezaan signifikan apabila dibandingkan dengan kawalan. Kesimpulannya, ekstrak etil asetat Z. zerumbet merangsang proliferasi dan kadar migrasi sel melalui model penyembuhan luka in vitro.

Kata kunci: Derma; fibrolas; migrasi; proliferasi; penyembuhan luka; Zingiber zerumbet

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*Corresponding author; email: asmah0901@ukm.edu.my