Sains Malaysiana 48(3)(2019): 487–496

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4803-01

 

Morfologi Debunga Lima Genus Terpilih Sapindaceae di Semenanjung Malaysia

(Pollen Morphology of Five Selected Genera of Sapindaceae in Peninsular Malaysia)

 

MOHD. NORFAIZAL GHAZALLI^1,2*, NORAINI TALIP², A. LATIFF², MOHD. SHUKRI MAT ALI¹, AHMAD ZAKI ZAINI³ & NURSHAHIDAH MOHD RUSLI¹

 

¹Program Pengurusan dan Pemuliharaan Sumber Genetik Tumbuhan, Pusat Bank Gen dan Biji Benih, Ibu Pejabat MARDI, Persiaran MARDI-UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

²Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

³Unit Mikroskopi Elektron, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Received: 16 May 2018/Accepted: 2 January 2019

 

ABSTRAK

Kajian morfologi debunga untuk enam spesies dan lima genus dalam empat tribus di dalam famili Sapindaceae telah dijalankan menerusi pemerhatian mikroskop elekron imbasan. Sebanyak tujuh ciri morfologi debunga telah dikenal pasti boleh digunakan untuk membezakan spesies kajian iaitu jenis debunga, saiz debunga, bentuk debunga, ciri ambitus, variasi nisbah C/P, variasi indeks kawasan kutub d/D dan ciri hiasan eksin. Dua kelas debunga yang direkodkan hadir ialah trikolporat dan triporat dengan dua bentuk debunga juga telah dikenal pasti hadir pada spesies yang dikaji iaitu bentuk segitiga dan prolat. Kajian ini menunjukkan terdapat dua ciri diagnosis dicerap iaitu jenis debunga triporat pada Guioa pleuropteris dan julat d/D butir debunga (Lepisanthes tetraphylla) yang kecil iaitu kurang daripada 0.25 boleh digunakan untuk membezakan spesies-spesies Sapindaceae kajian secara langsung.

 

Kata kunci: Debunga; morfologi; Sapindaceae; Semenanjung Malaysia

 

ABSTRACT

Pollen morphological study of six species and five genera in four tribes of Sapindaceae family was undertaken using scanning electron microscope. Seven pollen characteristics were identified to be useful in differentiating these species such as pollen type, pollen size, pollen shape, ambitus characters, variation in C/P ratio, variation in d/D pollen polar index and exine ornamentations. Two pollen classes were recorded in this study, i.e. tricolporate and triporate, while two pollen shapes were also identified namely triangle and prolate. Two diagnostic characters found useful in species identification were obtained from this study, i.e. triporate pollen type (Guioa pleuropteris) and small d/D ratio of less than 0.25 (Lepisanthes tetraphylla).

 

Keywords: Morphology; pollen; Peninsular Malaysia; Sapindaceae

REFERENCES

Adema, F., Leenhouts, P.W. & van Welzen, P.C. 1996. Sapindaceae. Dlm. Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak 2, Soepadmo, E., Wong, K.M. & Saw, L.G. (Eds.). Kuala Lumpur: Forest Research Institute Malaysia. hlm. 263-374.

Ashton, P.S. 1982. Dipterocarpaceae. Dlm. Flora Malesiana 1 - Spermatophyta (Seed Plant), van Steenis, C.G.G.J. (Ed.). Leiden: Foundation Flora Malesiana. hlm. 237-552.

Avecedo-Rodriguez, P. 2003. Melicocceae (Sapindaceae): Melicoccus and Talisia. Flora Neotropica 87: 1-179.

Avecedo-Rodriguez. P. 1993. Systematics of Serjania (Sapindaceae). Part I: A revision of Serjania Sect. Platycoccus. Memoir of New York Botanical Garden 67: 1-93.

Avecedo-Rodriguez, P., van Welzen, P.C., Adema, F. & van der Ham, R.W.J.M. 2011. Sapindaceae. Dlm The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants 10 - Eudicots: Sapindales, Cucurbitales, Myrtaceae, Kubitzki, K. (Ed.). Berlin: Springer Press Publication. hlm. 357-407.

Buerki, S., Forest, F., Acevedo-Rodríguez, P., Callmander, M.W., Nylander, J.A.A., Harrington, M., Sanmartin, I., Küpfer, P. & Alvarez, N. 2009. Plastid and nuclear DNA markers reveal intricate relationships at subfamilial and tribal levels in the soapberry family (Sapindaceae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 51: 238-258.

Eide, F. 1981. Key for the Northwest European Rosaceae pollen. Grana 20: 101-118.

Erdtman, G. 1952. Pollen Morphology and Plant Taxonomy: Angiosperms - An Introduction to Palynology. New York: The Chronica Botanica Company.

Erdtman, G. 1969. Handbook of Palynology: Morphology, Taxonomy, Ecology: An Introduction to the Study of Pollen Grains and Spores. New York: Hafner Publishing Co.

Faegri, K. & Iversen, J. 1992. Textbook of Pollen Analysis. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.

Ferrucci, M.S. & Anzotegui, L.M. 1993. El polen de Paullinieae (Sapindaceae). Bonplandia 6: 211-243.

Fogle, H.W. 1977. Identification of clones within 4 tree species by pollen exine patterns. Journal of American Society of Horticultural Science 102: 552-560.

Furness, C. 1989. The pollen morphology of Ecbolium and Megalochlamys (Acanthaceae). Kew Bulletin 44(4): 681-693.

Hesse, H.M., Zetter, R., Weber, M., Buchner, R., Frosch, R.A. & Ulrich, S. 2009. Pollen Terminology: An Illustrated Handbook. New York: Springer Publication.

Kremp, G.O.W. 1965. Encyclopaedia of Pollen Morphology. Tuscon, USA: University Arizona Press.

Moore, P.D., Webb, J.A. & Collinson, M.E. 1991. Pollen Analysis. Edisi ke-2. London: Blackwell Scientific Publications.

Muller, J. 1979. Form and function in angiosperm pollen. Annals Missouri Botanic Gardens 66: 592-632.

Muller, J. & Leenhouts, P.W. 1976. A general survey of pollen types in Sapindaceae in relation to taxonomy. Dlm The Evolutionary Significance of the Exine. Linnean Society Symposium Siri 1, Ferguson, I.K. & Muller, J. (Ed.). London: Academic Press. hlm. 407-445.

Noraini, T. 2008. Systematic significance of pollen morphology of Shorea, Hopea, Parashorea and Neobalanocarpus (Dipterocarpaceae) in Malaysia. Sains Malaysiana 37(2): 169-176.

Noraini, T. 2006. Systematic study of Shorea, Hopea, Parashorea and Neobalanocarpus (Dipterocarpaceae) in Malaysia. Tesis Doktor Falsafah, University of Reading (Tidak diterbitkan).

Nowicke, J.W. & Skvarla, J.J. 1979. Pollen morphology: The potential influence in higher order systematics. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 66: 633-700.

Ortrud, M.B. & Cynthia, F.P. 2014. Pollen morphology of Vochysiaceae tree species in the state of Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil. Review of Biology Tropical 62(3): 1209- 1215.

Punt, W., Blackmore, S., Nilsson, S. & Thomas, A.L. 1994. Glossary of Pollen and Spore Terminology. Netherland: University of Utrecht Publisher.

Radlkofer, L. 1934. Sapindaceae. Dlm Das Pflanzenreich IV, Engler, A. (Ed.). Leipzig: W. Engelmann Press. hlm. 1-1539.

Reitsma, T.J. 1966. Pollen morphology of some European Rosaceae. Acta Botanica Neerlandica 15: 290-379.

Thorne, R.F. & Reveal, J.L. 2007. An updated classification of the class Magnoliosida (Angiospermae). Botanical Review 73: 67-182.

Shinwari, M. & Khan, M.A. 2004. Pollen morphology of wild roses from Pakistan. Hamdard Medicus 474: 5-13.

van der Ham, R.W.J.M. 1990. Nephelieae Pollen (Sapindaceae): Form, Function, and Evolution. Leiden: National Herbarium Netherlands.

Wang, F.H. & Chien, N.F. 1956. A contribution to the pollen morphology of Sapindaceae. Acta Botany Sinica 5: 327-338.

Wronska-Pilarek, D. & Lira, J. 2006. Pollen morphology of Polish species of the genus Rosa L. - Rosa pendulina L. Dendrobiology 55: 65-73.

Wronska-Pilarek, D. & Boraynska, K. 2005. Pollen morphology of Rosa gallica L. Rosaceae L. from Southern Poland. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 744: 297-304.

Xia, N. & Gadek, P.A. 2007. Sapindaceae. Dlm Flora of China, Zhengyi, W., Raven, P.H. & Deyuan, H. (Eds.). Beijing: St. Louis, Missouri Botanical Garden Press. hlm. 5-24.

 

*Corresponding author; email: mnfaizal@mardi.gov.my