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Sains Malaysiana 48(3)(2019):
653–659 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4803-19
Effect of Alkaline Treatment on Structural
Characterisation, Thermal Degradation
and Water Absorption Ability of Coir Fibre
Polymer Composites (Kesan Rawatan Alkali terhadap Pencirian Struktur, Degradasi Terma dan Keupayaan Serapan
Air bagi Komposit
Polimer Serabut Sabut Kelapa) BEEN SEOK
YEW1*,
MARTINI
MUHAMAD1,
SAIFUL
BAHRI
MOHAMED1
& FWEN HOON WEE2 1Faculty of Innovative
Design & Technology, Universiti Sultan
Zainal Abidin, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia 2School of Computer
and Communication, Universiti Malaysia
Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis Indera Kayangan,
Malaysia Received:
4 September 2018/Accepted: 3 January 2019 ABSTRACT The alkaline treatment with 5
wt. % sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution
at room temperature for 24 and 48 h was performed on coir fibre.
The structural characterisation, thermal
degradation and water absorption ability of the untreated and NaOH-treated
coir fibre polymer composites have been
studied. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that coir fibres treated with NaOH have rough
surface texture and the roughness of the fibre
surface becomes significant as the duration of the NaOH
treatment increased. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR)
spectra confirmed that NaOH treatment
removed hemicelluloses as evidenced by the absence of absorption
bands at 1724.36 cm-1
and changes the absorption intensity at bands 1244.09
cm-1and
1249.87 cm-1 due to the loss of lignin. NaOH-treated
coir fibre composites demonstrated better
thermal stability at low temperature degradation. At high temperature,
the thermal stability was reduced due to the decreased of residual
lignin content. The water absorption of the NaOH-treated
coir fibre composites was lower than untreated coir composite contributed
by better interfacial adhesion between the NaOH-treated
coir fibre to epoxy resin. Keywords: Coir fibre; NaOH; polymer ABSTRAK Rawatan alkali
dengan kepekatan
5 % bt. larutan
natrium hidroksida (NaOH) pada suhu
bilik selama
24 dan 48 jam telah dibuat terhadap sabut kelapa. Pencirian
struktur, degradasi
termal dan keupayaan
serapan air terhadap
komposit polimer sabut kelapa tidak
dirawat dan
sabut kelapa dirawat-NaOH
telah dikaji.
Imej daripada mikroskop
elektron imbasan
(SEM)
menunjukkan sabut
kelapa dirawat-NaOH mempunyai permukaan yang kesat dan kekesatan
permukaan sabut
kelapa menjadi ketara dengan penambahan
tempoh rawatan
alkali. Spektra transformasi Fourier
inframerah (FTIR)
mengesahkan bahawa
rawatan NaOH menyingkirkan
kandungan hemiselulosa
yang dibuktikan oleh
ketiadaan jalur 1724.36 cm-1
serta mengubah keamatan jalur 1244.09 dan 1249.87 cm-1 yang disebabkan
oleh kehilangan
lignin. Komposit polimer sabut kelapa dirawat-NaOH
menunjukkan kestabilan
termal pada degradasi
suhu rendah.
Pada degradasi suhu yang tinggi, kestabilan termal berkurang disebabkan oleh penurunan kandungan sisa lignin. Serapan air oleh komposit polimer sabut kelapa dirawat-NaOH
adalah lebih
rendah daripada komposit polimer sabut kelapa tidak
dirawat disebabkan
oleh lekatan yang lebih baik antara
sabut kelapa
terawat dan matriks
polimer. Kata kunci: NaOH;
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