Sains Malaysiana 48(5)(2019): 1075–1081

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4805-16

 

Anti-Urolithiatic Effect of Pericampylus glaucus against Ethylene Glycol Induced Urolithiasis in Male Sprague Dawley Rats

(Kesan Anti-Urolitiatik Pericampylus glaucus terhadap Urolitiasis Teraruh Etilena Glikol dalam Tikus Jantan Sprague Dawley)

MUHAMMAD KIFAYATULLAH¹*, HAROON RAHIM¹, NAEEM ULLAH JAN¹, SUDHAIR ABBAS¹, MUHAMMAD SHAHID KHAN² & MUHAMMAD IKRAM³

 

¹Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life Sciences, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

 

²Department of Management Sciences, DHA Suffa University, Karachi, Pakistan

 

³Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

 

Received: 6 September 2018/Accepted: 19 February 2019

 

ABSTRACT

Pericampylus glaucus is a common plant used traditionally for the remedies of urinary and kidney stones. Hence, present research was aimed to investigate the antiurolithiatic effect of ethanol extract of P. glaucus against ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis in male Sprague Dawley rats. The nephrolithiasis was induced by ethylene glycol (0.75% v/v) in drinking water over a period of 30 days. The animals were divided into normal, lithiatic and extract treated group that received ethanolic extract of P. glaucus at dose rate of 200 and 400 mg/kg (b.wt) by mouth. The calcium, phosphate, urine pH, oxalate, magnesium in urine and histopathalogical examination of the kidney were observed. A significant (p<0.01) increased in the levels of phosphate, calcium, oxalate, and an imbalance in kidney with decreased magnesium excretion in urine were observed in ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis as compared to normal control. Treatment with ethanolic extract of P. glaucus at dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg (b.wt) decreased significantly (p<0.01) the hyperoxaluria, calcium, phosphate, oxalate with significant (p<0.05) increased retention of urinary magnesium and improvement in the renal function as matched to lithiatic group. The histopathological examination showed the deposition of a large number of calcium oxalate crystal in lithiatic group while smaller depositions in 200 mg/kg (b.wt) extract treated group. The results confirmed the antiurolithiatic effect of P. glaucus in male Sprague Dawley rats and validate its traditional uses against urinary stone.

 

Keywords: Anti-urolithiatic; ethylene glycol induced; hyperoxaluria; Pericampylus glaucus

 

ABSTRAK

Pericampylus glaucus adalah tumbuhan yang biasa digunakan secara tradisi untuk pemulihan kencing dan batu karang. Oleh itu, penyelidikan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kesan antiurolitiatik ekstrak etanol P. glaucus terhadap urolitiasis teraruh etilena glikol dalam tikus jantan Sprague Dawley. Nephrolithiasis telah diaruh etilena glikol (0.75% v/v) dalam air minuman selama 30 hari. Tikus tersebut dibahagikan kepada kumpulan normal, litiatik dan kumpulan terawat ekstrak yang mendapat ekstrak etanolik P. glaucus pada kadar dos 200 dan 400 mg/kg (b.wt) melalui mulut. Kalsium, fosfat, pH air kencing, oksalat, magnesium dalam air kencing dan pemeriksaan histopatologi buah pinggang telah dicerapkan. Peningkatan signifikan (p<0.01) tahap fosfat, kalsium, oksalat dan ketidakseimbangan pada buah pinggang dengan penurunan magnesium perkumuhan dalam air kencing dicerapkan dalam urolithiasis teraruh etilena glikol berbanding kawalan normal. Rawatan dengan ekstrak etanol P. glaucus pada 200 dan 400 mg/kg (b.wt) menurunkan dengan ketara (p<0.01) hiperoksaluria, kalsium, fosfat, oksalat dengan peningkatan ketara (p<0.05) pengekalan kencing magnesium dan peningkatan fungsi buah pinggang agar sama dengan kumpulan litiatik. Pemeriksaan histopatologi menunjukkan pemendapan sejumlah besar kristal oksalat kalsium dalam kumpulan litiatik manakala deposisi yang lebih kecil dalam ekstrak 200 mg/kg (b.wt) kumpulan terawat. Hasil mengesahkan kesan antiurolitiatik P. glaucus pada tikus jantan Sprague Dawley dan mengesahkan kegunaan secara tradisi terhadap batu karang.

 

Kata kunci: Anti urolitiatik; etilena glikol teraruh; hiperoksaluria; Pericampylus glaucus

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*Corresponding author; email: kifayatpharma86@yahoo.com