Sains Malaysiana 48(5)(2019): 1097–1104

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4805-18

 

Mild Hyperthermia (39°C) Attenuates Berberine Chloride Cytotoxicity against Osteosarcoma Cells

(Hipertermia Ringan (39°C) Keadaan Penerimaan Berberina Kesitotoksikan Klorida berbanding Sel Osteosarkoma)

 

MOHAMMED ALI NASHIRY^1,2, ALYAA RAJIH AL-KHATEEB^2,3, AISHA MOHD DIN⁴, NORITA SALIM¹, ALETZA MOHD ISMAIL², YEAP SWEE KEONG⁵ & GABRIELE RUTH FROEMMING⁶*

 

¹Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology & Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

²Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

³Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

⁴Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 43600 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

⁵China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

⁶Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia

 

Received: 25 June 2018/Accepted: 19 March 2019

 

ABSTRACT

Many studies reported that antioxidants and dietary supplements increase tumour progress and reduce survival. Hyperthermia is an adjuvant treatment to sensitise cancer cells for radio- or chemotherapy. The current study was carried out to determine the effects of berberine chloride and hyperthermia on bone cancer cells. MG-63 osteosarcoma cells were treated with hyperthermia (39, 43 and 45°C, respectively) for 1 h. Then, the cells were treated with a low toxic dose of berberine chloride (80 μg/mL). After that, all treated groups were recovered at 37°C for 24 h. Finally, all groups were treated with hyperthermia (39, 43 and 45°C) for the second time (1 h) and were recovered for 3 h at 37°C. Cells exposed to hyperthermia without treatment of berberine chloride were used as hyperthermia control. Cells treated with 80 μg/mL of berberine at 37°C served as berberine control and cells incubated at 37°C were used as an untreated control. All treated groups showed significant apoptosis compared to the control group (p<0.05) except 39°C. On the other hand, mild hyperthermia treatment (39°C) resulted in a reduction of berberine-induced apoptosis (p<0.001). Severe and moderate hyperthermia did not show a significant increase in the rate of apoptosis compared to berberine treated cells. Mild hyperthermia treatment can effectively reduce berberine cytotoxicity and implying negative effects on cancer therapy.

 

Keywords: Apoptosis; berberine chloride; hyperthermia; osteosarcom

 

ABSTRAK

Banyak kajian melaporkan bahawa antioksidan dan makanan kesihatan meningkatkan kemajuan tumor dan mengurangkan survival. Hipertermia merupakan rawatan menormalkan untuk menyedarkan sel-sel kanser untuk radio - atau kemoterapi. Kajian ini telah dijalankan untuk menentukan kesan berberina klorida dan hipertermia ke atas sel kanser tulang. Sel osteosarkoma MG-63 dirawat dengan hipertermia (39, 43 dan 45°C, masing-masing) untuk 1 jam. Kemudian, sel dirawat dengan dos rendah toksik berberina klorida (80 μg/mL). Selepas itu, semua kumpulan yang dirawat telah pulih pada 37°C selama 24 jam. Akhirnya, semua kumpulan telah dirawat dengan hipertermia (39, 43 dan 45°C) kali kedua (1 jam) dan telah pulih untuk 3 jam pada 37°C. Sel yang terdedah kepada hipertermia tanpa rawatan berberina klorida telah digunakan sebagai kawalan hipertermia. Sel yang dirawat dengan 80 μg/mL berberina pada 37°C digunakan sebagai berberina kawalan dan sel yang dieram pada 37°C telah digunakan sebagai kawalan yang tidak dirawat. Semua kumpulan yang dirawat menunjukkan kesignifikanan apoptosis berbanding dengan kumpulan kawalan (p<0.05) kecuali pada 39°C. Selain itu, rawatan hipertermia ringan (39°C) telah mengurangkan apoptosis aruhan berberina (p<0.001). Hipertermia teruk dan sederhana tidak menunjukkan peningkatan yang ketara dalam kadar apoptosis berbanding dengan sel berberina yang dirawat. Rawatan hipertermia ringan berkesan boleh mengurangkan kesitotoksikan berberina, membayangkan kesan negatif terhadap terapi kanser.

 

Kata kunci: Apoptosis; berberina klorida; hipertermia; osteosarcoma

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*Corresponding author; email: gabi_anisahf@yahoo.com