Sains Malaysiana 49(12)(2020): 3055-3063

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2020-4912-17

Seed-Mediated Synthesis and Photoelectric Properties of Selenium Doped Zinc Oxide Nanorods

(Sintesis Bermediasi Benih dan Sifat Fotoelektrik Selenium Terdop Nanorod Zink Oksida)

ARI SULISTYO RINI¹*, YOLANDA RATI¹, MIRANTI AGUSTIN¹,YANUAR HAMZAH¹  & AKRAJAS ALI UMAR²

¹Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Riau, Kampus Bina Widya, Jl. H.R Soebrantas Km 12.5, Simpang Baru, Pekanbaru, 28293, Indonesia

²Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Received: 18 August 2020/Accepted: 27 August 2020

ABSTRACT

Pristine ZnO and selenium doped ZnO (Se-ZnO) nanorods were successfully synthesized using seed-mediated hydrothermal method. The growth solution of both pure and Se-doped ZnO nanorods employed zinc nitrate hexahydrate (ZNH) and hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) as a precursor and surfactant, respectively. As a dopant source, selenium salt solution was obtained by reacting selenium powder with sodium borohydride at low temperature. The as-prepared pure ZnO and Se-doped ZnO nanorods were characterized using field effect scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. FESEM images show that the geometric shape of Se-ZnO nanoparticles is nanorods with a hexagonal cross-section. The XRD pattern shows the diffraction peak of the sample at the angles of 2θ: 34.44°, 36.25° and 47.54° which represents the hkl plane of (002), (101) and (102), respectively. The crystalline size calculated from XRD data is found to be in the range of 35-42 nm. The UV-Vis spectrum shows that Se-ZnO nanorods strong absorption peaks appeared in the range of 300-380 nm for all samples. Se doping has slightly altered the band gap energy of pure ZnO nanorods around 0.01 eV. The peak of the photoluminescence spectra of the sample at 470 nm indicates the blue emission band.

Keywords: FESEM; PL spectra; selenium doping; UV-Vis; XRD; zinc oxide

ABSTRAK

ZnO asli dan selenium terdop nanorod ZnO (Se-ZnO) berjaya disintesis menggunakan kaedah hidroterma biji benih. Larutan pertumbuhan bagi kedua-dua ZnO asli dan Se-ZnO adalah menggunakan zink nitrat heksahidrat (ZNH) dan hexametilenetetramina (HMT) masing-masing sebagai pelopor dan surfaktan. Sebagai sumber pengedopan, larutan garam selenium diperoleh daripada tindak balas serbuk selenium dengan natrium borohidrida pada suhu rendah. ZnO asli dan Se-ZnO dicirikan menggunakan mikroskopi elektron imbasan pancaran medan (FESEM), pembelauan sinar-X (XRD), spektroskopi UV (UV-Vis) dan spektroskopi fotoluminesen (PL). Imej FESEM menunjukkan bentuk geometri nanozarah Se-ZnO adalah nanorod dengan keratan rentas heksagon. Corak XRD pula menunjukkan puncak belauan sampel pada sudut 2θ: 34.44°, 36.25° dan 47.54° yang mewakili satah hkl masing-masing pada (002), (101) dan (102). Saiz kristal yang dihitung daripada data XRD berada dalam julat 35-42 nm. Spektrum UV-Vis menunjukkan bahawa puncak penyerapan nanorod Se-ZnO muncul pada julat 300-380 nm untuk semua sampel. Pengedopan Se mengubah sedikit tenaga jurang jalur nanorod ZnO tulen sekitar 0.01 eV. Puncak spektra fotoluminesen pula muncul pada 470 nm menunjukkan jalur pancaran biru.

Kata kunci: FESEM; pengedopan selenium; spektra PL; UV-Vis; XRD; zink oksida

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*Corresponding author; email: ari.sulistyo@lecturer.unri.ac.id