Sains Malaysiana 49(1)(2020): 57-67

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2020-4901-07

Adsorption of Para Nitro-phenol by Activated Carbon Produced from Alhagi

(Penjerapan Para Nitro-fenol dengan Karbon Aktifan Dihasilkan daripada Alhagi)

GHUFRAN MUAFAQ ABD-HADI & SAMI D. SALMAN*

Biochemical Engineering Department, Al-Khwarizmi College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 47024, Iraq

Received: 19 August 2019/Accepted: 10 October 2019

ABSTRACT

This manuscript has present an experimental study for Para Nitro-phenol (PNP) removal from aqueous solution using by physiochemical Alhagi activated carbon (AAC). AAC was characterized using SEM to investigate surface morphology and BET to estimate the specific surface area. The best surface area of AAC was found to be 641.6 m²/gm which was obtained at 600ºC activation temperature and impregnation ratio of 1:1 of KOH. The investigated factors for PNP ions adsorption and their ranges such as initial concentration (10-50 mg/L), adsorption time (30-210 min), temperature (20-50ºC) and solution pH (4-10). Isotherm of adsorption and its kinetics were studied. The adsorption process was modeled statistically by an empirical model. The equilibrium data were fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and the data found to be well represented by Langmuir isotherm. Pseudo- first order and pseudo- second order kinetic equations were utilized to study adsorption kinetics. It is found that the PNP adsorption on AAC fitted pseudo- second more adequately and the best removal efficiency was found to be 97.59%.

Keywords: Adsorption; activated carbon; alhagi; PNP; physiochemical activation

Abstrak

Kertas ini telah membentangkan satu kajian uji kaji untuk penyingkiran para Nitro-fenol (PNP) daripada larutan akueus menggunakan karbon aktifan fiziokimia Alhagi (AAC). AAC telah dicirikan dengan menggunakan SEM untuk mengkaji permukaan morfologi dan BET untuk menganggar bahagian permukaan tertentu. Kawasan permukaan terbaik AAC ialah 641.6 m²/gm yang diperoleh pada suhu pengaktifan 600ºC dan nisbah impregnasi 1:1 KOH. Faktor yang dikaji bagi penjerapan ion PNP dan julatnya seperti kepekatan awal (10-50 mg/L), masa penjerapan (30-210 min), suhu (20-50ºC) dan larutan pH (4-10). Isoterma penjerapan dan kinetik telah dikaji. Proses penjerapan ini dimodelkan secara statistik oleh model empirik. Data keseimbangan disuaikan kepada model isoterma Langmuir dan Freundlich dan data ini didapati diwakili dengan baik oleh isoterma Langmuir. Persamaan kinetik tertib pertama pseudo dan tertib kedua pseudo telah digunakan untuk mengkaji penjerapan kinetik. Didapati bahawa penjerapan PNP pada AAC lebih sesuai untuk pseudo kedua dan kecekapan penyingkiran terbaik adalah pada 97.59%.

Kata kunci: Alhagi; karbon aktifan; penjerapan; PNP pengaktifan fiziokimia

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*Corresponding author; email: sami@kecbu.uobaghdad.edu.iq