Sains Malaysiana 49(2)(2020): 271-281

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2020-4902-05

Integrated Nitrogen Management in Increasing Yield and Economic Profitability of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica L.)

(Pengurusan Integrasi Nitrogen dalam Meningkatkan Hasil dan Keuntungan Ekonomi Brokoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica L.))

MD. JAMAL HUSSAIN¹, A.J.M. SIRAJUL KARIM², A.R.M. SOLAIMAN², MD. MONIRUL ISLAM³, MD. SHAFIQUL ISLAM² & LAILA NAHER^4,5*

¹Soil & Water Management Section, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

²Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

³Tuber Crops Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

⁴Faculty of Agro-based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, 17600 Jeli, Kelantan Darul Naim, Malaysia

⁵Institute of Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, 17600 Jeli, Kelantan Darul Naim, Malaysia

Received: 12 May 2019/Accepted: 24 October 2019

ABSTRACT

The experiment was conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University during the period of November 2014 to April 2015 with a view to assess the combined effect of inorganic and organic sources of nitrogen on yield of broccoli and to develop a combined dose under integrated plant nutrition system (IPNS) for broccoli production. Four levels of Nitrogen (N) as 140, 160 and 180 kg N ha^-1 as urea super granules (USG) and 180 kg N ha^-1 as prilled urea (PU) as well as three different organic nitrogen sources (IPNS based) were considered to comprise 24 treatments combinations. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. USG along with organic manures showed better yield performance regarding yield attributes and yield compared to PU. The highest head yield (14.7 t ha^-1) was found in USG-N_{160 kg/ha}+ Oil Cake (OC)_2t/ha followed by USG-N_180kg/ha+ OC_2t/ha (14.5 t ha^-1). The maximum lateral head yield (6.612 t ha^-1), marginal rate of return (132), and benefit cost ratio (4.00) were recorded in USG-N_160kg/ha+ Poultry manure (PM)_3t/ha. The treatment PU-N₁₈₀+PM₃ also showed better performance regarding yield (13.7 t ha^-1), harvest index (27.1%) and benefit cost ratio (BCR) (3.84). Therefore, USG @160 kg N ha^-1 + 3 t ha^-1 poultry manure as adjusted N₁₂₆P₂₂K₆₂S₁₄Zn₂B₁Mo_{0.8 ­}kg/ ha+3 t/ha PM or PU @180 kg N/ ha + 3 t/ ha poultry manure as adjusted N₁₄₆P₂₂K₆₂S₁₄Zn₂B₁Mo_{0.8 ­}kg/ ha+3 t/ ha PM can be recommended for broccoli production in Grey Terrace Soil.

Keywords: Broccoli; head yield; organic manure; prilled urea; urea super granules

ABSTRAK

Suatu uji kaji telah dijalankan di Universiti Pertanian Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman antara November 2014 hingga April 2015 dengan tujuan untuk menilai kesan gabungan sumber tak organik dan organik nitrogen kepada hasil brokoli dan untuk membangunkan dos gabungan di bawah sistem integrasi nutrisi tanaman (ipns) untuk pengeluaran brokoli. Empat tahap Nitrogen (N) iaitu 140, 160 dan 180 kg N ha^-1 sebagai urea super granul (USG) dan 180 kg N ha^-1 sebagai urea prill (PU) serta tiga nitrogen organik berbeza sumber (berasaskan IPNS) telah diambil kira terdiri daripada 24 gabungan rawatan. Uji kaji tersebut telah dibentangkan dalam reka bentuk blok lengkap dengan tiga replikasi. USG berserta baja organik menunjukkan prestasi hasil yang lebih baik daripada atribut hasil dan hasil berbanding PU. Prestasi tertinggi hasil kepala (14.7 t ha^-1) telah ditemui dalam USG-N_{160 kg/ha}+ kek minyak (OC)_2t/ha diikuti oleh USG-N_180kg/ha+ OC_2t/ha (14.5 t ha^-1). Hasil maksimum sisi kepala (6.612 t ha^-1), kadar pulangan marginal (132) dan nisbah kos manfaat (4.00) telah direkodkan dalam USG-N_160kg/ha+ baja ayam (PM)_3t/ha. Rawatan PU-N₁₈₀+ PM₃ juga menunjukkan prestasi yang lebih baik mengenai hasil (13.7 t ha^-1), indeks tuaian (27.1%) dan nisbah kos faedah (BCR) (3.84). Oleh itu, USG @ 160 kg N ha^-1 + 3 t ha^-1 baja ayam seperti yang dilaraskan N₁₂₆P₂₂K₆₂S₁₄Zn₂B₁MO_0.8 kg/ha + 3 t/ha PM atau PU @ 180 kg N ha^-1  + 3 t/ha baja ayam seperti yang dilaraskan N ₁₄₆P₂₂K₆₂S₁₄Zn₂B₁MO_0.8 kg/ha + 3 t / ha PM boleh disyorkan untuk pengeluaran brokoli dalam tanah Teres Kelabu.

Kata kunci: Baja organik; brokoli; hasil kepala; urea prilled; urea super granul

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*Corresponding author; email: lailanaher@umk.edu.my