Sains Malaysiana 49(7)(2020): 1687-1695

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2020-4907-19

Knowledge of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Cervical Cancer among Malaysia Residents: A Review

(Pengetahuan Mengenai Papilomavirus Manusia (HPV) dan Kanser Serviks dalam Kalangan Penduduk Malaysia: Suatu Ulasan)

NADZIRAH NAHRAWI¹, WAN AZANI MUSTAFA²* & SITI NURUL AQMARIAH MOHD KANAFIAH¹

¹School of Mechatronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Pauh Putra Campus, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia

²Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, UniCITI Alam Campus, Sungai Chuchuh, 02100 Padang Besar, Perlis, Malaysia

Received: 22 February 2019/Accepted: 16 March 2020

ABSTRACT

Cervical cancer is ranks as the third leading cause of female cancer deaths among women in Malaysia. Most of the cervical cases are caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection. To prevent HPV infection, Malaysia Government had implement Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program to all secondary school girls from 13 years old and above. The focus in this paper was to review the article based on the knowledge on HPV and cervical cancer among Malaysia resident before and after the implementation of HPV vaccine program. The knowledge about HPV, HPV vaccine, and cervical cancer after the implementation of national HPV vaccination program is better compare to before the program to be implemented. However, the knowledge is still poor among the respondents although there is an improvement after the program been implemented. The respondent gives a positive attitude towards HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening. The main barrier of vaccination and Pap smear test are side effects, risk, cost, and effectiveness. In conclusion, knowledge about HPV and cervical cancer is really important among women. Education programs to the public are needed to enhance knowledge and to control the illness.

Keywords: Cancer; cervix; HPV; Malaysia; review

ABSTRAK

Kanser serviks ialah penyebab utama kematian kanser wanita dalam kalangan wanita di Malaysia. Kebanyakan kes serviks disebabkan oleh jangkitan Papilomavirus Manusia (HPV). Untuk mencegah jangkitan HPV, kerajaan Malaysia telah melaksanakan program vaksinasi Papilomavirus Manusia (HPV) kepada semua pelajar sekolah menengah berumur 13 tahun ke atas. Fokus makalah ini adalah mengkaji artikel berdasarkan pengetahuan mengenai HPV dan kanser serviks dalam kalangan penduduk Malaysia sebelum dan selepas pelaksanaan program vaksin HPV. Pengetahuan tentang HPV, vaksin HPV dan kanser serviks selepas pelaksanaan program vaksinasi HPV nasional lebih baik dibandingkan sebelum program dilaksanakan. Walau bagaimanapun, pengetahuan ini masih lemah dalam kalangan responden walaupun ada peningkatan selepas program dilaksanakan. Responden memberi sikap positif terhadap vaksin HPV dan pemeriksaan kanser serviks. Halangan utama untuk vaksinasi dan ujian ‘Pap smear’ adalah kesan sampingan, risiko, kos dan keberkesanan. Kesimpulannya, pengetahuan tentang HPV dan kanser serviks sangat penting dalam kalangan wanita. Program pendidikan kepada orang awam diperlukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan mengendalikan penyakit.

Kata kunci: HPV; kanser; Malaysia; serviks; ulasan

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*Corresponding author; email: wanazani@unimap.edu.my