Sains Malaysiana 49(8)(2020): 1765-1771

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2020-4908-01

 

Accumulation and Phytoextraction Potential of Heavy Metals of Enhalus acoroides in The Coastal Waters of Lamongan, Java, Indonesia

(Penumpukan dan Potensi Fotopengekstrakan Logam Berat terhadap Enhalus acoroides di Perairan Pinggir Laut Lamongan, Jawa, Indonesia)

 

DEFRI YONA^1,2*, SYARIFAH HIKMAH JULINDA SARI^1,2 & RULI HIKMAH SAFITRI¹

 

¹Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran Malang, 65145, Indonesia

 

²Marine Research Exploration and Management (MEXMA) Research Group, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran Malang, 65145, Indonesia

 

Received: 12 March 2019/Accepted: 7 April 2020

 

ABSTRACT

This study quantified the concentration of heavy metals Cd and Cu in Enhalus acoroides from shallow seagrass habitat in the northern coastal waters of Lamongan, Indonesia. The objective of this study was to determine the concentration of these metals in different parts of seagrass E. acoroides and to assess their biomonitoring potential of heavy metals pollution in coastal areas. Heavy metal contents in the sediments, roots and leaves of E. acoroides were determined by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry from four sampling sites. The results showed that the concentrations of Cu were significantly higher than the concentrations of Cd in both sediments and seagrass tissues in all stations. The concentrations of Cu were found in slightly similar values in the sediments, roots and leaves. On the other hand, the concentrations of Cd were higher in the sediments than in the roots and leaves of E. acoroides. In addition, Bioconcentration Factor (BCF) of Cu in E. acoroides was two times higher than BCF of Cd (BCF_Cu = 1.09; BCF_Cd = 0.49). In contrast, Translocation Factor (TF) of Cu was lower than TF of Cd that was 0.65 and 1.05, respectively. According to BCF and TF values, E. acoroides can be considered to have the ability to perform phytoextraction process especially Cd because E. acoroides was able to restrict its absorption of Cd from the environment (BCF < 1) and once it is absorbed, the plant has the ability to transfer it to the other body parts (TF > 1).

 

Keywords: Coastal waters; heavy metal pollution; Indonesia; Lamongan; phytoextraction; seagrass

 

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini mengukur kepekatan logam berat Cd dan Cu dalam Enhalus acoroides dari habitat lamun yang cetek di perairan utara pinggir laut Lamongan, Indonesia. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menentukan kepekatan logam ini pada bahagian lamun E. acoroides yang berbeza dan untuk menilai potensi pembioawasannya terhadap pencemaran logam berat di perairan pinggir laut. Kandungan logam berat dalam sedimen, akar dan daun E. acoroides ditentukan melalui Spektrometri Nyala Penyerapan Atom daripada keempat-empat sampel. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa kepekatan Cu adalah lebih tinggi daripada kepekatan Cd dalam kedua-dua sedimen dan tisu lamun dalam semua stesen. Kepekatan Cu adalah lebih kurang sama dalam sedimen, akar dan daun. Sebaliknya, kepekatan Cd adalah lebih tinggi pada sedimen berbanding akar dan daun E. acoroides. Tambahan lagi, Faktor Pembiopekatan (BCF) Cu dalam E. acoroides adalah dua kali ganda lebih tinggi daripada BCF Cd (BCF_Cu = 1.09; BCF_Cd = 0.49). Faktor Translokasi (TF) Cu pula adalah lebih rendah berbanding TF Cd, iaitu 0.65 dan 1.05. Menurut nilai BCF dan TF, E. acoroides boleh dianggap mempunyai kemampuan untuk melakukan proses fotopengekstrakan, terutamanya Cd kerana E. acoroides boleh menyekat penyerapan Cd daripada persekitaran (BCF < 1) dan setelah ia terserap, tumbuhan mempunyai keupayaan untuk memindahkannya ke bahagian yang lain (TF > 1).

 

Kata kunci: Fotopengekstrakan; Indonesia; Lamongan; lamun; pencemaran logam berat; perairan pinggir laut  

 

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*Corresponding author; email: defri.yona@ub.ac.id