Sains Malaysiana 50(11)(2021): 3171-3179

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5011-02

Impacts of κ-Oligocarrageenan Application on Photosynthesis, Nutrient Uptake and Bean Yield of Coffee (Coffea robusta)

(Kesan Pengaplikasian κ-Oligokaragenan pada Fotosintesis, Pengambilan Nutrien dan Hasil Biji Kopi (Coffea robusta))

PHAM TRUNG SAN¹, CHAU MINH KHANH¹, HUYNH HOANG NHU KHANH¹*, TRUONG ANH KHOA¹, NGUYEN HOANG¹, PHAM DUC THINH¹ & THANH-DANH NGUYEN²

¹NhaTrang Institute of Technology Research and Application, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, NhaTrang City, Vietnam

²Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City

Vietnam

Received: 13 September 2020/Accepted: 11 March 2021

ABSTRACT

κ-Oligocarrgeenan (OC) is well known as an effective and green plant growth promoter and elicitor. However, its effect on coffee plant has not been investigated so far. This study aimed to examine the impacts of OC on biophysical activity, vegetative growth and productivity of coffee plant (Coffea robusta). OC with average molecular weight (AMW) of 4.0 kDa was prepared by depolymerization of carrageenan using ascorbic acid. Field experiments were conducted by foliar spray four times per year at various OC concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 ppm) for three years (2017-2019). The results showed that OC promoted growth of coffee plant in all tested concentrations, and an optimized concentration was found at 150 ppm which showed a significant increase compared to the control plant in total chlorophyll (24.79%), carotenoid (31.65%), uptakes of N (15.66%), P (15.81%), and K (22.25%) minerals in leaves, crop yield (19.80%) and bean size (13.10%). Therefore, OC is potentially promising to apply as a promoter to enhance yield of crops for sustainable coffee plantation.

Keywords: Bean yield; coffee plant; concentration; oligocarrageenan; promoter

ABSTRAK

κ-Oligokaragenan (OC) terkenal sebagai penggalak pertumbuhan tanaman hijau dan pengelisit yang berkesan. Walau bagaimanapun, kesannya terhadap kilang kopi belum dikaji setakat ini. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kesan OC terhadap aktiviti biofizik, pertumbuhan vegetatif dan produktiviti tanaman kopi (Coffea robusta). OC dengan berat molekul purata (AMW) 4.0 kDa disediakan dengan penceraian polimer karagenan menggunakan asid askorbik. Uji kaji lapangan dilakukan dengan semburan daun empat kali setahun pada pelbagai kepekatan OC (50, 100, 150, 200 dan 250 ppm) selama tiga tahun (2017-2019). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa OC mendorong pertumbuhan tanaman kopi pada semua kepekatan yang diuji dan kepekatan yang optimum didapati pada 150 ppm yang menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan berbanding kilang kawalan dalam mineral jumlah klorofil (24.79%), karotenoid (31.65%), pengambilan N (15.66%), P (15.81%) dan K (22.25%) dalam daun, hasil tanaman (19.80%) dan saiz kacang (13.10%). Oleh itu, OC berpotensi untuk diterapkan sebagai penggalak untuk meningkatkan hasil tanaman perkebunan kopi lestari.

Kata kunci: Hasil kacang; kepekatan; kilang kopi; oligokaragenan; penggalak

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*Corresponding author; email: khanhhuynh@nitra.vast.vn