Sains Malaysiana 50(6)(2021): 1745-1754

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5006-20

The Effects of Apitherapeutic Agents on Oxidative Stress in Serum Metabolic Parameters of Hypertensive Rats Created by Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibited

(Kesan Agen Apiterapeutik terhadap Tegasan Oksidaan dalam Parameter Metabolisme Serum Tikus Hipertensi dihasilkan oleh Sintase Terencat Oksida Nitrik)

MEHMET FUAT GULHAN¹, BETUL OZDEMIR²*, ZELIHA SELAMOGLU³ & ENGIN SAHNA⁴

¹Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey

²Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University, Campus, Nigde, Turkey

³Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University, Campus, Nigde, Turkey

⁴Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey

Received: 7 August 2020/Accepted: 30 November 2020

ABSTRACT

Hypertension is a chronic disease affecting the whole world due to its clinical effects and complications. The reduction in the release and effect of NO is one of the mechanisms of hypertension formation. Hypertension disrupts the balance between oxidant and antioxidant mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to observe biochemical changes in the blood by treatment propolis, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and pollen in hypertensive rats via Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Rats were divided in five groups. Rats were given L-NAME (40 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) for 14 days to make hypertensive. L-NAME and bee products were administered together with rats for 14 days, then L-NAME for 14 days. All administrated ended 28 days. There was a statistically significant (P<0.05) decrease in blood pressure (BP) in the groups in which bee products were applied. Blood pressure was lower in the pollen treated group than in the CAPE and propolis treated group (P<0.05). Paraoxanase (PON1), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) levels were measured in the blood samples in all groups. In the L-NAME group; PON1, TAS, HDL, and total protein levels were found to be lower than the groups applied bee products (P<0.05). TOS, oxidative stress index (OSI), ADMA, NF-κB, glucose, cholesterol, LDL, triglyceride, ALT, AST, ALP levels were found to be lower in groups plus of bee products were applied compared to the group that received L-NAME (P<0.05). The results showed that oxidative stress and homeostasis can be regulated with propolis, CAPE and pollen in hypertensive rats induced L-NAME.

Keywords: Asymmetric dimethylarginine; bee products; blood; nuclear factor-κB; oxidative stress; paraoxanase; rat

ABSTRAK

Hipertensi adalah penyakit kronik yang menyerang seluruh dunia kerana kesan dan komplikasi klinikalnya. Pengurangan pembebasan dan kesan NO adalah salah satu mekanisme pembentukan hipertensi. Hipertensi mengganggu keseimbangan antara mekanisme oksidan dan antioksidan. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk memerhatikan perubahan biokimia dalam darah dengan propolis rawatan, asid fenil ester kafeik (CAPE) dan debunga pada tikus hipertensi melalui metil ester Nω-Nitro-L-arginine (L-NAME). Tikus dibahagikan dalam lima kumpulan. Tikus diberi L-NAME (40 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) selama 14 hari untuk membuat hipertensi. L-NAME dan produk lebah diberikan bersama tikus selama 14 hari, kemudian L-NAME selama 14 hari. Semua pemberian berakhir pada 28 hari. Terdapat penurunan tekanan darah (P <0.05) yang signifikan secara statistik pada kelompok yang menggunakan produk lebah. Tekanan darah lebih rendah pada kumpulan yang dirawat debunga daripada kumpulan yang dirawat CAPE dan propolis (P <0.05). Paraoksanase (PON1), status antioksidan total (TAS), status oksidan total (TOS), dimetilarginin asimetrik (ADMA), tahap faktor nuklear-κB (NF-κB) diukur dalam sampel darah dalam semua kumpulan. Dalam kumpulan L-NAME; Tahap protein PON1, TAS, HDL dan jumlah protein didapati lebih rendah daripada kumpulan produk lebah yang digunakan (P <0.05). TOS, indeks tekanan oksidatif (OSI), ADMA, NF-κB, glukosa, kolesterol, LDL, trigliserida, ALT, AST, kadar ALP didapati lebih rendah dalam kumpulan ditambah produk lebah digunakan berbanding dengan kumpulan yang menerima L- NAMA (P <0.05). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa tekanan oksidatif dan homeostasis dapat diatur dengan propolis, CAPE dan debunga pada tikus hipertensi yang disebabkan L-NAME.

Kata kunci: Darah; dimetilarginina tak simetri; faktor nuklear-κB; paraoksanase; produk lebah; tegasan oksidaan; tikus

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*Corresponding author; email: betulozaltun@ohu.edu.tr