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Sains Malaysiana 51(2)(2022): 533-546
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5102-17
Green Synthesis of Nickle Oxide
Nanoparticles for Adsorption of Dyes
(Sintesis Hijau Nanozarah Nikel Oksida untuk Penjerapan Pewarna)
ISRAA MUZAHEM RASHID*, SAMI DAWOD
SALMAN, ALAA KAREEM MOHAMMED & YASMIN SALIH MAHDI
Department of Biochemical
Engineering, Al-Khwarizmi College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Iraq
Received: 17 February 2021/Accepted:
12 June 2021
ABSTRACT
The
green synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO-NP)
was investigated using Ni(NO3)2 as a precursor, olive
tree leaves as a reducing agent, and D-sorbitol as a capping agent. The
structural, optical, and morphology of the synthesized NiO-NP
have been characterized using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), X-ray
crystallography (XRD) pattern, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR)
and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. The SEM analysis showed that
the nanoparticles have a spherical shape and highly crystalline as well as
highly agglomerated and appear as cluster of nanoparticles with a size range of
(30 to 65 nm). The Scherrer relation has been used to estimate the crystallite
size of NiO-NP which has been found about 42 nm. The NiO-NPs have subsequently used as adsorbents for adsorption
of two types of dyes; methylene blue (MB) as cation dye and methyl orange (MO)
as anion dye. The removal efficiency of dyes from contaminated water was
investigated during various key parameters at room temperature; initial dye
concentration (Co), pH, contact time (t), agitation speed, and adsorbent
dosage. The maximum removal of MB dye was found to be 96% (Co=25 mg/l, pH=10, contact time=100 min, agitation speed=300 rpm and adsorbent dosage=6 g/l), while for MO the maximum removal reached 88% at (Co=20 mg/L, pH=2, contact time=160 min,
agitation speed=300 rpm and adsorbent dosage=6 g/L). The experimental
adsorption data were found to well obey Freundlich isotherm. The kinetic
investigation showed that the adsorption process for both dyes followed a
pseudo-second-order model with rate constants 0.0109 and 0.0079 (mg/g min) for
MB and MO, respectively.
Keywords: Adsorption; isotherm;
kinetics; methyl orange; methylene blue; NiO nanoparticles; olive leaves
ABSTRAK
Sintesis hijau nanozarah nikel oksida (NiO-NP) telah dikaji menggunakan Ni(NO3)2 sebagai prakursor, daun pokok zaitun sebagai agen penurun dan D-sorbitol sebagai agen penutup. Struktur, optik dan morfologi NiO-NP yang disintesis telah dicirikan menggunakan analisis spektrofotometer ultralembayung-cahaya nampak (UV-Vis), pola pembelauan sinar-X (XRD), spektroskopi transformasi Fourier inframerah (FT-IR) dan mikroskop elektron imbasan (SEM). Analisis SEM menunjukkan bahawa nanozarah ini mempunyai bentuk sfera dan darjah hablur yang tinggi serta sangat beraglomerat dan ia hadir dalam gugusan dengan julat saiz daripada (30 hingga 65 nm). Hubungan Scherrer telah digunakan untuk anggaran saiz hablur NiO-NP yang telah dijumpai pada 42 nm. NiO-NP telah digunakan beberapa kali sebagai bahan penjerap untuk penjerapan dua jenis pewarna; metilena biru (MB) sebagai pewarna kation dan metil jingga (MO) sebagai pewarna anion. Kecekapan penyingkiran pewarna daripada air tercemar telah dikaji menggunakan beberapa parameter pada suhu bilik; permulaan kepekatan (Co) pewarna, pH, masa bertembung (t), kelajuan agitasi dan dos bahan penjerap. Penyingkiran pewarna MB maksimum yang telah dijumpai adalah 96% pada (Co=25 mg/l, pH=10, masa bertembung=100 min, kelajuan agitasi=300 rpm dan dos penjerap=6 g/l), manakala untuk MO nilai maksimum penyingkiran mencapai 88% pada
(Co=20 mg/L, pH=2, masa bertembung=160 min, kelajuan agitasi=300 rpm and dos penjerap=6 g/L). Data uji kaji penjerap mendapati mengikuti model Freundlich. Kajian kinetik menunjukkan bahawa proses penjerapan untuk kedua-dua pewarna mengikuti model urutan kedua pseudo dengan kadar tetap 0.0109 dan 0.0079
(mg/g min) untuk masing-masing, iaitu MB dan MO.
Kata kunci: Daun zaitun; isoterma; kinetik; metilena biru; metil jingga; nanozarah NiO; penjerapan
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*Corresponding author; email: sami.albayati@gmail.com
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