Sains Malaysiana 30: 55-67 (2001) Sains Bumi / Earth Sciences
Penilaian Ciri Fiziko-kimia Tanah Cerun di Kawasan Lombong Emas Bukit Koman, Raub, Pahang (Physico-chemical Characteristics of Soil on Slopecut at Gold Mining Area at Bukit Koman, Raub, Pahang)
Zulfahmi Ali Rahman, Salibin Abd Rahim, Lee Lai Yeen Program Sains Sekitaran Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 UKM Bangi Selangor D.E, Malaysia
ABSTRAK
Kajian ke atas cirifiziko-kimia tanah dilakukan terhadap cerun-cerun potongan di kawasan bekas lombong emas Bukit Koman. Kebanyakan sampel tanah adalah bertekstur lempung dengan peratusan lempung antara 44.0% hingga 65.3%. Sampel-sampel tanah juga menunjukkan darjah penggredan yang baik dengan nilai Cμ melebihi 15. Peratusan kandungan air adalah berjulat 0.64% hingga 7.23%. Terdapat hubungan korelasi positif yang signifikan (r=0.737***) antara kandungan air dan peratusan lempung dan antara kandungan air dan bahan organik (r=0.549***). Kehadiran lempung dan bahan organik dapat meningkatkan keupayaan pemegangan air yang tinggi dalam tanah. Nilai keliangan tanah yang dikaji tidak menunjukkan perbezaan rang bermakna (54.7%-57.6%). Nilai pH tanah pula adalah antara pH 2.6 dan pH 5.4 dan menunjukkan kehadiran ferum oksida yang rendah (< 6%). Sifat asidik tanah telah menyebabkan pelarutan ferum oksida yang berperanan penting sebagai agen penyimen antara butiran tanah. Keadaan ini menyebabkan pembentukan struktur aggregatan tanah yang lemah dan mudah mengalami hakisan. Terdapat hubungan positif yang menunjukkan bahawa pH telah mempengaruhi kehadiran ferum oksida dalam tanah.
ABSTRACT
The study of physico-chemical characteristics of soils were carried out on slopecut within the gold mining area of Bukit Koman. Most of the soil samples were of clayey texture with clay content between 44.0% and 65.3%. The soil samples have good grading of C values higher than 15. The water content ranges from 0.64% to 7.23%. There is a positive significant correlation (r=0.737***) between water and clay contents and between water and organic content (r=0.549***). The presence of clay and organic matter increase the ability of soil to hold water. The soil porosity showed no significant difference among samples (54.7%-57.6%). The soil pH ranges between pH 2.6 and pH 5.4 with low content of ferum oxide (< 6%). The acidic soil caused the dissolution of ferrum oxide that acts as a cementation agent between soil particles. This leads to poor formation of soil aggregates, causing the soil erodibility to become higher. A positive correlation was obtained between soil pH influent and the presence of ferrum oxide in the soils.
RUJUKAN/REFERENCES
Abdul Rashid Ahmad. 1996. The effect physico-chemical characteristics of soils on slope stability. Prosiding Seminar Geologi dan Sekitaran: Impak dan Pengauditan, 244-259. Acres, B. D., Bowen R. P., Burrough, P. A., Folland, C. I. Kalsi, M. S., Thomas. P. & Wright, P. S. 1975. The Soil of Sabah. Vol. I Classification and description (with introduction to Vol. 1-5). Land Resources Division, Ministry of Overseas Development Tolworth Tower, England. Blesa, M. A., Morando. P. J. & Regazzoni, A. E. 1994. Chemical Dissolution of Metal Oxides. Florida: CRC Press. Golberg, S., Glaubig, R. A. & Suarez, D. L. 1988. Factors affecting clay dispersion aggregate stability of arid zone soils. Soil Science 146(5): 317-325. Hamzah Mohammad. 1992. X-Ray Spectrometry. Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Jabatan Perkhidmatan Kajicuaca. 1995. Jones, D. K. C. & Lee, M. 1994. Landsliding in Great Britain. Department of the Environment, HMSO. Kirk, G. J. D., Ahmad, A. R. & Nye, P. H. 1990. Couple diffusion and oxidation of ferrous iron in soils II: A model of the diffusion and reaction of O2, Fe2+, H+ and HCO3- in soils and a sensitivity analysis of the model. Soil Science 41: 411431. Kohnke, H. 1968. Soil Physics. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company. Looi, K. M. 1978. The geology and mineralisation of the Bukit Koman area, Raub, Pahang. BSc thesis, Universiti Malaya. Morgan, R. P. C. 1995. Soil Erosion and Conservation. Edisi ke-2. London: Longman. Richardson, J. A. 1939. The geology and mineral resources of the neighbourhood of Raub, Pahang, Federated Malay States, with account of the geology of the Raub Australian gold mine. Mem. Ceoi. Surv. Dept. Fed. Malaya 3. . Shamshuddin Jusop 1981. Asas Sains Tanah. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. Smith, G. 1990. Elements of Soil Mechanics. Edisi ke-6. London: Blackwell Sci. Ltd. Wilun, Z. & Starzewski. K. 1975. Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practise. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
|
|||
|
