Sains Malaysiana 38(1):  95-102(2009)

 

 

Study of Highly Concentrated Olive Oil-in-Water Emulsions Stabilized by Palm-Based Nonionic Surfactant

(Kajian Emulsi Minyak Zaitun-dalam-Air Berkepekatan Tinggi

Distabilkan dengan Surfaktan Nonionik Berasaskan Sawit)

 

 

Lim Hong Ngee, Anuar Kassim

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science

Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang

Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Huang Nay Ming

School of Applied Physics

Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43000 Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Mohd. Ambar Yarmo

School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology

Faculty of Science and Technology,Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Yeong Shoot Kian

AOTD MPOB, Lot 9 & 11, Jalan P10/14

Seksyen 10, 43650 Bandar Baru Bangi

Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Received:   14 April 2008 / Accepted:  25 April 2008

 

 

 

ABSTRACT

 

Rheological properties of highly concentrated oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions (HCEs), formed by mixing palm-based nonionic surfactant, C12E6 (HLB = 11.7, CMC = 25μM), water and olive oil volume fraction ≥78vol% were investigated. Samples with lower oil volume fraction (<85%) and surfactant concentration (<8%) exhibited polydispersity of broader droplet size distribution (DSD). In contrast, samples with higher oil volume fraction (>85%) and surfactant concentration (>8%) displayed monodispersity of narrower DSD. The average droplet size decreased with increasing oil volume fraction and surfactant concentration. All frequency sweep experiments exhibited higher G’ than G”, representing the predominantly elastic nature of HCEs. The crossover of the ascendant and descendant flow curves of HCEs with higher oil volume fraction (>85%) and surfactant concentration (>8%) implied a structural build-up that could give rise to very high stability. The high stability was confirmed through accelerated stability test at 40oC for three months. 

 

Keywords: highly concentrated O/W emulsion; palm-based nonionic surfactant; rheology  

 

 

 

  ABSTRAK

 

Sifat-sifat reologi emulsi berkepekatan tinggi minyak-dalam-air (HCE) yang dihasilkan melalui pencampuran surfaktan nonionic berasaskan sawit, C12E6 (HLB = 11.7, CMC = 25μM), air dan minyak zaitun dengan pecahan isipadu minyak ≥78vol% telah dikaji. Sampel-sampel dengan pecahan isipadu minyak <85% dan kepekatan surfaktan <8% menunjukkan distribusi saiz titisan (DSD) yang lebih luas. Sebaliknya, sampel-sampel dengan pecahan isipadu minyak >85% dan kepekatan surfaktan >8% menunjukkan DSD yang lebih sempit. Purata saiz titisan menurun apabila pecahan isipadu minyak dan kepekatan surfaktan meningkat. Kesemua eksperimen imbasan frekuensi menghasilkan G’ yang lebih tinggi daripada G”, menunjukkan sifat elastik HCE yang lebih ketara. Persilangan garisan-garisan menaik dan menurun lengkungan alir dengan pecahan isipadu minyak >85% dan kepekatan surfaktan >8% mengimplikasikan kestabilan struktur yang sangat tinggi. Kestabilan yang tinggi disahkan menerusi ujian kestabilan yang dijalankan pada 40oC selama tiga bulan.

 

Kata kunci: Emulsion berkepekatan tinggi minyak-dalam-air; surfaktan nonionik berasaskan sawit;  reologi

 

 

 

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