Sains Malaysiana 39(2)(2010): 161–168

Isolation and Characterization of Bacteria Degrading Sumandak and South Angsi Oils

(Pemencilan dan Pencirian Bakteria Pendegradasi Minyak Sumandak dan South Angsi)

AINON HAMZAH*, AMIR RABU, RAJA FARZARUL HANIM RAJA AZMY & NOOR AINNI YUSSOFF

School of Biosciences and Biotechnology

Faculty of Science and Technology

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 Bangi, Selangor D.E.

Malaysia

Diserahkan: 12 Mac 2009 / Diterima: 14 Oktober 2009

ABSTRACT

Four species of bacteria, Acinetobacter lwoffii, Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas putida, were isolated from soil contaminated with hydrocarbons and selected for the determination of growth requirements and the ability to degrade petroleum hydrocarbon. The bacteria were grown in mineral salt medium (MSM) supplemented with two types of crude oil, either Sumandak or South Angsi at 1% (v/v) concentration. The optimum pH for growth of A. hydrophila and P. aeruginosa was 6.5 when grown with Sumandak and South Angsi oil. For A. lwoffii and P. putida the optimum pH for growth with Sumandak and South Angsi oil was 6.5 or 7.0, respectively. The growth of P. aeruginosa was the highest in MSM when supplemented with 1% South Angsi oil and 0.5% tryptone at pH 6.5 while, in Sumandak oil the growth was the highest when yeast extract was added. Gas chromatography analysis showed that the South Angsi crude oil components of C12 to C25 were more extensively degraded by A. lwoffii after 24 h of incubation compared to the other bacteria over the same period.

Keywords: Bacteria; biodegradation; crude oil; petroleum hydrocarbon

ABSTRAK

Empat spesies bakteria, iaituAcinetobacter lwoffii, Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Pseudomonas putida telah dipencilkan daripada tanah terlumus dengan hidrokarbon dan dipilih untuk penentuan keperluan pertumbuhan dan keupayaan untuk mendegradasi hidrokarbon petroleum. Bakteria dihidupkan di dalam medium garam mineral (MSM) yang dibekalkan dengan dua jenis minyak mentah, sama ada Sumandak atau South Angsi pada kepekatan 1% (i/i). pH optimum bagi pertumbuhan pencilanA. hydrophila and P. aeruginosa ialah 6.5 apabila dihidupkan dengan minyak Sumandak dan South Angsi. Bagi A. lwoffiidan P. putida pH optimum untuk pertumbuhan dengan minyak Sumandak dan South Angsi masing-masing adalah 6.5 dan 7.0. PertumbuhanP. aeruginosa adalah paling tinggi apabila dibekalkan dengan 1% minyak South Angsi dan 0.5% tripton pada pH 6.5 manakala dalam minyak Sumandak, pertumbuhan adalah tinggi apabila ditambah yis ekstrak. Analisis kromatografi gas menunjukkan komponen C12 sehingga C25 dalam minyak mentah South Angsi lebih banyak didegradasikan oleh A. lwoffii berbanding bakteria lain selepas 24 jam pengeraman.

Kata kunci: Bakteria; biodegradasi; hidrokarbon petroleum; minyak mentah

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: antara@ukm.my