Sains Malaysiana 40(2)(2011): 147–154

 

Suplemen Puri Jambu Batu Merah (Psidium guajava) ke Atas Tikus Teraruh Obesiti: Kesan Terhadap Aktiviti Enzim Antioksidan, Fungsi Ginjal dan Fungsi Hati

(Pink Guava (Psidium guajava) Puree Supplement on High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats: Effects on Antioxidant Enzyme Activities, Kidney and Liver Functions)

 

Ayub Mohd Yatim

Deceased

 

Norazmir Md Nor*

Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences

MARA University of Technology, Puncak Alam Campus

42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor D.E., Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 4 Disember 2009 / Diterima: 15 Julai 2010

 

ABSTRAK

 

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menentukan kesan suplemen puri jambu batu merah (Psidium guajava) ke atas aktiviti enzim antioksidan, fungsi ginjal dan fungsi hati pada tikus teraruh obesiti. Sebanyak 30 ekor tikus Sprague-Dawley jantan dibahagi 5 kumpulan (kawalan negatif dan positif, CN dan CP (air suling); dos rendah, LDG (500 mg/kg bb); dos sederhana, MDG (1000 mg/kg bb); dos tinggi, HDG (2000 mg/kg bb). Suplemen puri jambu merah diberi bersama diet tinggi lemak selama 6 minggu. Pada akhir kajian, tikus dipuasa semalaman dan dibedah untuk kajian biokimia darah. Pengurangan signifikan dalam berat badan diperhatikan dalam kumpulan rawatan berbanding CN dan CP. Aktiviti spesifik seperti glutation peroksidase (GPx), glutatione redutase (GR) dan superoksida dismutase (SOD) pada tikus teraruh obesiti meningkat berbanding CN. Ujian fungsi ginjal bagi kepekatan urea menurun secara signifikan pada LDG (4.28±0.69 mmol/L), MDG (4.35±0.87 mmol/L) dan HDG (3.85±0.71 mmol/L) berbanding CN (7.02±1.81 mmol/L) masing-masing. Ujian fungsi hati bagi protein total, globulin, nisbah AG dan alanin aminotransferase (ALT) menunjukkan perbezaan signifikan LDG, MDG dan HDG berbanding CN. Nilai jumlah protein bagi MDG (72.67±3.65 g/L) dan HDG (76.00±2.49 g/L) lebih rendah berbanding CN (80.11±1.98 g/L). Nilai globulin bagi LDG (34.17±3.43 g/L), MDG (32.17±1.83 g/L) dan HDG (35.00±3.41 g/L) juga lebih rendah berbanding CN (39.67±0.82 g/L). Nilai nisbah AG bagi LDG (1.22±0.16), MDG (1.28±0.07) dan HDG (1.19±0.14) berbeza secara signifikan dengan CN (1.03±0.08). Nilai ALT bagi LDG (55.83±15.12 U/L), MDG (50.67±22.65 U/L) dan HDG (57.50±8.48 U/L) lebih rendah berbanding CN (77.00±16.26 U/L), masing-masing. Kesimpulannya, suplemen puri jambu merah bermanfaat dalam meningkatkan aktiviti enzim antioksidan dan mencegah komplikasi obesiti yang berhubungkait dengan fungsi ginjal dan hati.

 

Kata kunci: Aktiviti enzim; fungsi ginjal; fungsi hati; jambu batu; profil urin

 

ABSTRACT

 

In this study, the effect of pink guava (Psidium guajava) puree supplementation on antioxidant enzyme activities, kidney and liver functions in High Fat Diet (HFD)-induced obese rats was investigated. Thirty male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into control negative (CN) fed with rat pellet; control positive, low, medium and high dose group (CP, LDG, MDG and HDG) were fed High Fat Diet-AIN93G, respectively. CN and CP were given distilled water; while the treated group were given the aqueous puree, at concentration of 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg body weight, dissolved in distilled water were administered orally via a drinking bottle, respectively. Pink guava puree was supplemented with the HFD diet for six weeks. The rats were fasted overnight and euthanized under an anesthetic condition with ethyl ether, and blood was collected from the posterior vena cava at the end of experiment. A significant reduction in body weight was observed in the treated groups as compared to CN and CP group. Specific activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) of the HFD-induced obese rats were significantly increased in comparison with the CN group. Kidney function test of urea concentration were significantly decreased in HFD-induced obese rats; LDG (4.28±0.69 mmol/L), MDG (4.35±0.87 mmol/L) and HDG (3.85±0.71 mmol/L) as compared to CN (7.02±1.81 mmol/L), respectively. Liver function tests for total protein, globulin, A:G ratio and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) showed significant differences in the treated group compared to CN group. Total protein of MDG (72.67±3.65 g/L) and HDG (76.00±2.49 g/L) were significantly lower compared to CN (80.11±1.98 g/L). Globulin value for LDG (34.17±3.43 g/L), MDG (32.17±1.83 g/L) and HDG (35.00±3.41 g/L) were significantly lower compared to CN (39.67±0.82 g/L). A:G ratio LDG (1.22±0.16), MDG (1.28±0.07) and HDG (1.19±0.14) significantly different compared to CN (1.03±0.08). ALT value for LDG (55.83±15.12 U/L), MDG (50.67±22.65 U/L) and HDG (57.50±8.48 U/L) were significantly lower compared to CN (77.00±16.26 U/L), respectively. In conclusion, pink guava puree supplements seem to be beneficial for increased antioxidant enzyme activities and correcting/ preventing obesity complications in kidney and liver functions.

 

Keywords: Enzyme activities; kidney; liver; pink guava; urine profile

 

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: azmir2790@puncakalam.uitm.edu.my

 

 

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