Sains Malaysiana 40(9)(2011): 959–964

Pengecaman Awal Komuniti Bakteria Sel Bahan Api Mikrob

dalam Air Sisa Kumbahan

(Preliminary Identification of the Microbial Fuel Cell Bacteria Communities in Sewage)

S.M. Zain*, R. Hashim, N.S. Roslani, F. Suja & N.E.A. Basri, S.M. Zain*,

Department of Civil & Structural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor D.E., Malaysia

N. Anuar & W.R.W. Daud

Department of Chemical Process & Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor D.E., Malaysia

Diserahkan: 16 Jun 2010 / Diterima: 11 Januari 2011

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan jenis bakteria yang hadir di dalam air sisa kumbahan yang dapat membantu menghasilkan tenaga elektrik dan pada masa yang sama dapat menyingkirkan kandungan karbon dan nitrogen. Kaedah pengesanan kumpulan bakteria yang digunakan adalah teknik penghibridan in situ berpendarfluor (FISH) manakala kaedah tindak balas berantai polimerase (PCR) untuk mengenalpasti bakteria tersebut. Penentuan ciri biokimia menggunakan BIOLOG GEN III MICROPLATE™ turut digunakan. Bakteria yang didapati daripada air sisa dikultur dan ditulenkan di atas agar zat makanan untuk menentukan ciri-ciri morfologi koloni bakteria tersebut. Berdasarkan pencirian koloni dan pewarnaan Gram, sebanyak 21 pencilan telah diperolehi daripada tiga lokasi sampel air sisa kumbahan daripada loji rawatan enap cemar teraktif (enam koloni air sisa mentah; sebelas koloni tangki pengudaraan; empat koloni tangki kitaran enap cemar teraktif). Penentuan awal daripada ketiga-tiga kaedah yang dijalankan tidak dapat memberikan padanan yang tepat dengan hanya mencatatkan kehadiran bakteria pengoksida ammonia (FISH) dan Kurthia Gibsoni (BIOLOG) di dalam sampel tangki pengudaraan; bakteria Bacillus sp (PCR) dan Bacillus Pseudomycoides (BIOLOG) di dalam sampel kitaran enap cemar teraktif. Ketumpatan kuasa maksimum yang diperoleh daripada sampel kitaran enap cemar teraktif adalah 9.053 mW/cm2 dengan tahap penyingkiran COD dan jumlah nitrogen adalah (TKN) masing-masing 26.8% dan 40%.

Kata kunci: Air sisa kumbahan; bakteria; penghibridan in situ berpendarfluor (FISH); tindak balas berantai polimerase (PCR); sel bahan api mikrob

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to determine the types of bacteria exist in wastewater that contibute to generate electricity and simultaneously remove carbon and nitrogen. The method used was Fluorescence In Situ Hibridization (FISH) to detect the bacteria group while Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to confirm the observation made using FISH. A biochemical identification using BIOLOG GEN III MICROPLATE™ also was used . The samples were cultured on nutrient agar plate to identify the morphology of the bacteria. The result showed that 21 isolates from three different locations at the activated sludge treatment plant with six, eleven and four strains for raw sewage, aeration tank and returned activated sludge samples, respectively. Preliminary identification does not give a good match but only showed the existence of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (FISH) and Kurtia Gibsoni (BIOLOG) from aeration tank : Bacillus sp (PCR) and Bacillus Pseudomycoides (BIOLOG) from returned activated sludge. The maximum power density generated using returned activated sludge was 9.053 mW/cm2, with 26.8% COD removal and 40% TKN removal.

Keywords: Bacteria; Fluorescence In Situ Hibridization(FISH); microbial fuel cell; polymerasa chain reaction(PCR)

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: smz@eng.ukm.my