Sains Malaysiana 41(10)(2012): 1197–1203

Effect of Mushroom Supplementation as a Prebiotic Compound in Super Worm Based Diet on Growth Performance of Red Tilapia Fingerlings

(Kesan Suplementasi Cendawan sebagai Bahan Prebiotik dalam Makanan Berasaskan Ulat Roti terhadap Kadar Pertumbuhan Ikan Tilapia Merah)

Abd Rahman Jabir Mohd Din*, Shaharudin Abdul Razak & Vikineswary Sabaratnam

Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya

50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Diserahkan:  2 Disember 2011 / Diterima: 21 Mei 2012

ABSTRACT

A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of mushroom supplementation as a prebiotic compound in an insect-based diet on the growth performance and feed utilization of red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.). A total of 120 fingerlings were divided in triplicates for each treatment. Four experimental diets were offered to the fishes within a 56 days treatment period. Out of the four diets, three contained mushroom stalk meal (MSM) supplementation at various levels of inclusion of prebiotic compound (0.5% MSM; 1.0% MSM; 1.5% MSM) and the fourth a control diet without MSM inclusion. During the growth test, fish receiving diet containing prebiotic showed significantly higher (p<0.05) mean individual body weight in comparison with the control diet. The best effect was obtained in fish fed with Diet 2, where the specific growth rate (SGR) was 1.74%, feed conversion ratio (FCR) was 0.58, protein efficiency ratio (PER) was 5.17 and survival was 93.33%. No significant differences (p>0.05) were observed in whole body protein and ash contents among the fish feeding on these diets. All water quality parameters showed no significant difference (p>0.05) in all treatments. The result of this feeding trial indicated that the 10% supplementation level of MSM as a prebiotic for tilapia could be used in the insect-based diet, Zophobas morio.

Keywords: Feed utilization: growth performance; mushroom stalk; prebiotic; red tilapia

ABSTRAK

Satu ujian pemakanan telah dibuat untuk mengkaji kesan cendawan sebagai bahan suplemen prebiotik dalam diet yang berasaskan serangga terhadap pertumbuhan dan penggunaan makanan pada tilapia merah, Oreochromis sp. Sebanyak 120 benih ikan tilapia telah dibahagikan pada tiga ujian. Empat makanan ujian telah diberikan selama 56 hari tempoh uji kaji, dengan tiga makanan mengandungi tepung tangkai cendawan pada beberapa aras suplementasi yang berbeza (0.5% MSM; 1.0% MSM; 1.5% MSM) dan satu lagi sebagai makanan kawalan tanpa MSM. Sepanjang ujian, ikan yang menerima makanan yang mengandungi prebiotik menunjukkan berat badan individu yang tinggi yang signifikan (p<0.05) berbanding makanan kawalan. Kesan yang paling baik terdapat pada Diet 2 dengan kadar pertumbuhan spesifik (SGR) adalah sebanyak 1.74%, kadar pertukaran makanan (FCR) adalah 0.58, kadar kecekapan protein (PER) adalah 5.17 dan kemandirian adalah 93.33%. Tiada perbezaan yang signifikan (p>0.05) pada kandungan protein dan abu antara ikan yang diberi makanan tersebut. Kesemua parameter kualiti air menunjukkan tiada perbezaan yang signifikan (p>0.05) bagi kesemua ujian. Keputusan ujian pemakanan ini menunjukkan bahawa 10% MSM aras suplementasi bahan prebiotik untuk tilapia boleh digunakan dalam makanan berasaskan serangga, Zophobas morio.

Kata kunci: Kadar pertumbuhan; pertukaran makanan; prebiotik; tangkai cendawan; tilapia merah

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat: abdrahmanjabir@gmail.com