Sains Malaysiana 41(12)(2012): 1549–1556

 

Kesan Anti-hiperglisemia Ekstrak Metanol Gynura procumbens terhadap

Kesuburan dan Libido Tikus Jantan Teraruh Diabetes

(Anti-hyperglycemic Effect of Gynura procumbens Methanolic Extract on Fertility

and Libido of Induced Diabetic Male Rats)

 

Mahanem Matnoor* & N. Anirahayu Mohd Radzuan

Pusat Pengajian Biosains dan Bioteknologi, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 13 Jun 2012 / Diterima: 6 Ogos 2012

 

ABSTRAK

 

Gynura procumbens (GP) adalah sejenis tumbuhan herba yang digunakan bagi merawat pelbagai jenis penyakit seperti rheumatoid, darah tinggi, masalah ginjal dan juga diabetes. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) adalah sejenis penyakit kronik dan salah satu komplikasi penyakit ini ialah masalah kesuburan dan libido. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti potensi ekstrak GP dalam mengatasi masalah kesuburan dalam kalangan pesakit diabetes. Ekstrak metanol GP dengan fraksi etil asetat digunakan dalam kajian ini. Aruhan diabetes dilakukan dengan suntikan dadah Streptozotosin sebanyak 55 mg/kg berat tikus secara intravena. Empat kumpulan tikus teraruh diabetes dirawat dengan 50 mg/kg GP (n=12), 300 mg/kg GP (n=12) dan 300 mg/kg metformin (n=12). Kumpulan ke-empat adalah kumpulan diabetik tanpa sebarang rawatan dan dijadikan kawalan negatif (n=12) dan satu kumpulan tikus normal yang diberi air suling dijadikan kawalan normal (n=12). Satu minggu selepas rawatan, enam ekor tikus daripada setiap kumpulan diuji kelakuan seksual sebelum dikorbankan untuk kajian kesuburan. Ujian yang sama dilakukan ke atas baki haiwan dalam setiap kumpulan pada minggu kedua rawatan. Pada semua dos rawatan, ekstrak GP menunjukkan kesan anti-hiperglisemia sebagaimana kumpulan metformin. Rawatan dengan dos rendah GP (50 mg/kg) selama dua minggu mencatatkan bilangan sperma yang paling tinggi iaitu sebanyak (35.52 ± 6.54) × 106 sperma berbanding kawalan diabetik, (23.72 ± 5.12) × 106 sperma. Kumpulan ini turut mencatatkan peratus jumlah pergerakan sperma gred a (paling progresif) yang tinggi iaitu sebanyak 38.41% berbanding 12.79% bagi kumpulan kawalan diabetik. Tikus yang dirawat dengan GP turut menunjukkan peningkatan kesan libido dengan tempoh pendam pemanjatan dikurangkan dan bilangan pemanjatan meningkat berbanding tikus kawalan diabetik. Kajian ini menunjukkan ekstrak metanol GP dengan fraksi etil asetat ini mampu meningkatkan kesuburan dan libido tikus diabetik pada dos yang rendah (50 mg/kg) serta dalam tempoh yang singkat.

 

Kata kunci: Diabetes; Gynura procumbens (GP); kelakuan seksual; kualiti sperma

 

ABSTRACT

 

Gynura procumbens (GP) is a type of herbal plant used to treat numerous types of diseases such as rheumatoid, hypertension, kidney failure as well as diabetes. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases and one of its complication is infertility and libido problems among male patients. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of GP extract in enhancing fertility and libido among diabetic patients. Ethyl acetate fraction of GP methanol extract was used. Diabetic inductions were carried out using 55 mg/kg Streptozotocin via intravein injection. Four groups of diabetic induced rats were treated with 50 mg/kg GP extract (n=12), 300 mg/kg GP extract (n=12) and 300 mg/kg metformin (n=12) respectively. The fourth diabetic group acted as negative control (without treatment) and one normal group was given distilled water acted as control normal group (n=12). Each of these groups underwent sexual behavioral tests prior to being sacrificed for fertility test. Six rats from each of these groups were sacrificed after one week while the rest were sacrificed after two weeks of treatment. All doses of GP exhibited anti-hyperglycemia similar as to metformin. Treatment with low dose GP (50 mg/kg) for two weeks produced the highest number of sperm count (35.52 ± 6.54)×106 in comparison with diabetic control group (23.72 ± 5.12)×106. Most of the sperm motility for this group was in grade a (most progressive) with 38.41% while for diabetic control group, only 12.79%. The mounting latency for diabetic rats treated with GP decreases while the mounting frequency increases significantly in comparison with the diabetic control group suggesting that GP extract possesses aphrodisiac effect. These results showed that ethyl acetate fraction of GP methanol extract enhances the fertility and libido of diabetic rats efficiently even at low dose (50 mg/kg) in a short period of time.

 

Keywords: Diabetes; Gynura procumbens (GP); sexual behavior; sperm quality

 

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: mahanem@ukm.my