Sains Malaysiana 41(5)(2012): 573–583

 

Penggunaan Biomonitor Multispesies Air Tawar dalam Menilai Perubahan Kelakuan Ikan Gapi,

Poecilia reticulata dan Udang Air Tawar, Macrobrachium lanchesteri Terhadap Air Larut Resap

dari Tapak Pelupusan Sampah

(Use of Multispecies Freshwater Biomonitor to Assess Behavioural Changes of Guppy, Poecilia reticulata  and Freshwater Prawn, Macrobrachium lanchesteri in Response to Leachate from Landfill)

 

Z. Nurul-Akhma, M. Shuhaimi-Othman* & M. Azmah

Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi,

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor D.E. Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 18 Ogos 2011 / Diterima: 18 November 2011

 

 

ABSTRAK

 

Biomonitor Multispesies Air Tawar (MFB) digunakan bagi mengukur dan menganalisis pelbagai kelakuan daripada pelbagai jenis organisma akuatik untuk memantau kualiti air dalam ekosistem air tawar. Isyarat gerak balas udang air tawar (Macrobrachium lanchesteri) dan ikan gapi (Poecilia reticulata) dikaji di dalam makmal bagi menentukan respons yang spesifik terhadap pendedahan kepekatan air larut resap yang berbeza (1%, 3% dan 5%) bagi kedua-dua organisma. Perubahan perilaku organisma (pergerakan dan ventilasi) direkodkan dengan menggunakan Biomonitor Multispesies Air Tawar (MFB) selama 24 jam. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan terdapat trend peningkatan respons pergerakan dan ventilasi yang jelas dengan peningkatan kepekatan pendedahan air larut resap bagi udang air tawar. Manakala respons yang ditunjukkan oleh ikan gapi adalah tidak begitu jelas walaupun terdapat trend pengurangan pergerakan dengan peningkatan kepekatan pendedahan air larut resap dan trend peningkatan ventilasi dengan peningkatan kepekatan pendedahan. Kajian ini menunjukkan M. lanchesteri memberikan respons yang lebih sensitif kepada air larut resap berbanding P. reticulata dan organisma ini lebih sesuai digunakan sebagai organisma penunjuk untuk MFB.

 

Kata kunci: Kelakuan; Macrobrachium lanchesteri; pencemaran air; poecilia reticulata

 

 

ABSTRACT

 

The Multispecies Freshwater Biomonitor (MFB) was used to measure and analyse different types of behaviours from different aquatic organisms for monitoring water quality in freshwater ecosystems. The signal response of freshwater shrimp (Macrobrachium lanchesteri) and guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata) was studied in the laboratory to determine the specific response of both organisms to different concentrations of leachate (1%, 3% and 5%). Behavioural changes were recorded by using Multispecies Freshwater Biomonitor (MFB) for 24 h. Our results showed that the behavioural and ventilation responses of freshwater shrimp increased with increasing exposure to concentrations of leachate. However, the responses shown by guppy fish was not clear although there was a trend of reduction in the behavioural responses with increasing exposure and increasing ventilation responses with increasing exposure to leachate. Results also showed that the M. lanchesteri was more sensitive to leachate than P. reticulata and this organism was more suitable as indicator organism for the MFB.

 

Keywords: Behaviour; Macrobrachium lanchesteri; Poecilia reticulata; water pollution

 

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; e-mail: shuhaimi@ukm.my

 

 

 

 

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