Sains Malaysiana 43(11)(2014): 1725–1728

Elektroretinogram Multifokus (mfERG): Data Piawai Makmal bagi Kanak-kanak

Berusia 6-12 Tahun

(Multifocal Electroretinogram (mfERG): The Laboratory Standard Values

for Children Aged 6-12 Years Old)

NORLAILA MAT DAUD¹*, ROKIAH OMAR¹, YANTI ROSLI² & JAMALIAH RAHMAT³

¹Program Optometri & Sains Penglihatan, Pusat Pengajian Sains Jagaan Kesihatan,

Fakulti Sains Kesihatan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (Kampus KL)

Jalan Raja Muda Abd. Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

²Program Sains Bioperubatan, Pusat Pengajian Sains Diagnostik Gunaan,

Fakulti Sains Kesihatan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (Kampus KL), Jalan Raja Muda Abd. Aziz

50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

³Jabatan Oftalmologi, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Pahang, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 11 Julai 2013/Diterima: 3 Mac 2014

ABSTRAK

Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan nilai data piawai mfERG bagi Makmal Elektrofisiologi, Program Optometri & Sains Penglihatan, Fakulti Sains Kesihatan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). Pengukuran mfERG yang dilakukan adalah min ketumpatan amplitud (nV/deg²) kedua mata dan perbandingan min antara mata kanan (OD) dan kiri (OS); respon ketumpatan amplitud setiap bulatan yang dikaji dan respon keseluruhan ketumpatan amplitud kawasan retina yang dikaji. Kajian ini melibatkan seramai 16 orang kanak-kanak normal berumur antara 6 hingga 12 tahun. Ujian t-berpasangan mendapati tiada perbezaan signifikan min ketumpatan amplitud antara kedua mata (OD=24.27±8.16 nV/deg², OS=24.12±8.57 nV/deg², p=0.937). Nilai min ketumpatan amplitud setiap bulatan untuk OD adalah bulatan 1=56.41±24.85 nV/deg², bulatan 2=28.36±9.31 nV/deg², bulatan 3=17.50±5.33 nV/deg², bulatan 4=10.51±3.17 nV/deg² dan bulatan 5=8.57±2.74 nV/deg². Nilai min ketumpatan amplitud setiap bulatan untuk OS adalah bulatan 1=54.67±25.10 nV/deg², bulatan 2=28.89±10.52 nV/deg², bulatan 3=18.23±5.98 nV/deg², bulatan 4=10.40±3.37 nV/deg² dan bulatan 5=8.30±2.73 nV/deg². Manakala min ketumpatan amplitud keseluruhan kawasan retina ialah OD=24.27±8.16 nV/deg² dan OS=24.12±8.57 nV/deg². Kesimpulannya nilai piawai makmal mfERG telah berjaya dihasilkan untuk usia 6 hingga 12 tahun di Makmal Elektroretinogram Multifokal, Program Optometri dan Sains Penglihatan, UKM. Diharapkan ia akan diguna pakai sebagai panduan dan perbandingan penyelidikan akan datang.

Kata kunci: Elektroretinogram multifokus (mfERG); ketumpatan amplitud; nilai piawai

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to get the standard values of multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) for the Electrophysiology Laboratory, Optometry Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). The measurements involved were mean amplitude density of mfERG in both eyes and to compare between right and left eye; amplitude density response in each concentric rings and average of amplitude density of the retina. Sixteen normal subjects aged between 6-12 years old were involved in this study. Students t- test showed no significant difference in amplitude density between right and left eyes (OD=24.27±8.16 nV/deg², OS=24.12±8.57 nV/deg², p=0.937). Mean amplitude density for each concentric rings (R) in right eye (OD) were R1=56.41±24.85 nV/deg², R2=28.36±9.31 nV/deg², R3=17.50±5.33 nV/deg², R4=10.51±3.17 nV/deg² and R5=8.57±2.74 nV/deg². Mean amplitude density for each concentric rings (R) in left eye (OS) were R1=54.67±25.10 nV/deg², R2=28.89±10.52 nVV/deg², R3=18.23±5.98 nV/deg², R4=10.40±3.37 nV/deg² and R5=8.30±2.73 nV/deg². Mean amplitude density mfERG of the retina were OD = 24.27±8.16 nV/deg² and OS = 24.12±8.57 nV/deg². In conclusion, standard values for Multifocal Electroretinogram Laboratory, Program of Optometry & Visual Science, UKM has been developed for 6-12 years old. We hope these values will serve as a guidance and reference for future research.

Keywords: Amplitude density; multifocal electroretinogram; standard values

RUJUKAN

Fulton, A.B., Hansen, R.M., Moskowitz, A. & Barnaby, A.M. 2005. Multifocal ERG in subjects with a history of retinopathy of prematurity. Documenta Ophthalmologica 111: 7-13.

Gonzalez, P., Parks, S., Dolan, F. & Keating, D. 2004. The effects of pupil size on the multifocal electroretinogram. Doc. Ophthalmol. 109: 67-72.

Hood, D.C., Bach, M., Brigel, M., Keating, D., Kondo, M., Lyons, J.S., Marmor, M.F., McCulloch, D.L. & Palmowski-Wolfe, A.M. 2012. ISCEV standard for clinical multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) (2011 edition). Doc. Ophthalmol. 124: 1-13.

Hood, D.C., Odel, J.G., Chen, C.S. & Winn, B.J. 2003. The multifocal electroretinogram. J. Neuro-Ophthamol. 23(3): 225-235.

Hood, D.C., Wladis, E.J., Shady, S., Holopigian, K., Li, J. & Seiple, W. 1998. Multifocal rod electroretinogram. Invest. Ophthal. Vis. Sci. 39: 1152-1162.

Kondo, M., Miyake, Y., Horiguchi, M., Suzuki, S. & Tanikawa, A. 1995. Clinical evaluation of multifocal electroretinogram. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 36: 2146-2150.

Lai, Y.Y., Chan, W.M., Lai, Y.K., Ngai, W.S., Li, H. & Lam, S.C. 2007. The clinical applications of multifocal electroretinography: A systematic review. Survey of Ophthalmology 52(1): 61-96.

Luu, C.D., Foulds, W.S. & Tan, T.H. 2007. Features of the multifocal electroretinogram may predict the rate of myopia progression in children. Ophthalmology 114(8): 1433-1438.

Mohidin, N., Yap, K.K.H. & Jacobs, R.J. 1999. Influence of age on the multifocal electroretinography. Ophthal. Physiol.Opt. 19(6): 481-488.

Poloschek, C.M. & Bach, M. 2009. Can we do without mydriasis in multifocal ERG recordings?. Doc. Ophthalmol. 118: 121-127.

Sutter, E. & Tran, D. 1992. The field topography of ERG component in man. Part 1. The photopic luminance response. Vison Res. 32: 433-446.

*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: laila6842@yahoo.com.my