Sains Malaysiana 43(11)(2014): 1775–1779

 

Does Electro-sensing Fish Use the First Order Polarization Tensor for Object Characterization? Object Discrimination Test

(Adakah Ikan yang Mempunyai Elektro-penderiaan Menggunakan Tensor Pengutuban

Peringkat Pertama untuk Pencirian Objek? Ujian Pembezaan Objek)

 

 

TAUFIQK.A. KHAIRUDDIN1,2* & W.R.B. LIONHEART1

1School of Mathematics, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL

United Kingdom

 

2Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 18 Mac 2013/Diterima: 3 April 2014

 

ABSTRACT

This paper extends the previous works to further explore the role of the first order polarization tensor in electro-sensing by the weakly electric fish specifically for object discrimination and characterization. The first order polarization tensor for few objects used in the considered experiment are calculated and discussed to identify whether there are other evidences to suggest that a weakly electric fish able to recognize the tensor when choosing or rejecting an object. Our findings in this study suggest that all fish during most of the experiments face difficulties to discriminate two objects when their first order polarization tensors are almost similar depending on the types of training given to them.

 

Keywords: Electrical conducting object; polarization tensor; weakly electric fish

 

ABSTRAK

Artikel ini membentangkan perbincangan lanjutan daripada kajian lalu untuk mengkaji dengan lebih mendalam peranan tensor pengutuban peringkat pertama elektro-penderiaan oleh ikan deria-elektro lemah dalam pencirian dan pembezaan objek. Tensor pengutuban peringkat pertama bagi beberapa objek yang digunakan dalam eksperimen yang dipertimbangkan telah ditentu dan dibincangkan dalam mencari bukti tambahan untuk menyokong dakwaan bahawa ikan deria-elektro lemah mampu mengenal tensor ini apabila menerima atau menolak sesuatu objek. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa semua ikan dalam kebanyakan ujian mengalami kesukaran untuk membezakan dua objek apabila tensor pengutuban peringkat pertama bagi kedua-dua objek ini adalah hampir serupa bergantung kepada jenis latihan yang telah diterima oleh ikan-ikan tersebut.

 

Kata kunci: Ikan deria-elektro lemah; objek mengkonduksikan elektrik; tensor pengutuban

RUJUKAN

Ammari, H. & Kang, H. 2007. Polarization and Moment Tensors: with Applications to Inverse Problems and Effective Medium Theory. Applied Mathematical Sciences Series. 162. New York: Springer-Verlag.

Anton, H. & Rorres, C. 2000. Elementary Linear Algebra: Applications Version. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Cowan, N.J. & Fortune, E.S. 2007. The critical role of locomotion mechanics in decoding sensory systems. The Journal of Neuroscience 27(5): 1123-1128.

Danielson, D.A. 1997. Vectors and Tensors in Engineering and Physics. United States: The Perseus Books Group.

Nelson, M.E. 2011. Biological smart sensing strategies in weakly electric fish. Smart Structures and Systems 7(6): 1-11.

Taufiq, K.A.K. & Lionheart, W.R.B. 2013. Some properties of the first order polarization tensor for 3-D effect. MATEMATIKA UTM 29(1): 1-18.

Taufiq, K.A.K. & Lionheart, W.R.B. 2012. Do electro-sensing fish use the first order polarization tensor for object characterization? 100 years of Electrical Imaging Conference. Paris: Presses des Mines. July 9-10. p. 149.

von der Emde, G. 2007. Electroreception: Object recognition in African weakly electric fish. In Sensory Systems Neuroscience edited by Hara, T. & Zielinski, B. USA: Academic Press Elsevier.

von der Emde, G. & Fetz, S. 2007. Distance, shape and more: Recognition of object features during active electrolocation in a weakly electric fish. The Journal of Experimental Biology 210: 3082-3095.

 

 

*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: taufiq@utm.my

 

 

sebelumnya