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Characterisation and Stability of Pigments Extracted from Sargassum
binderi
Obtained from Semporna, Sabah (Pencirian
dan Kestabilan Pigmen yang Diekstrak daripada Sargassum binderi dari
Semporna, Sabah)
WU HON YIP, LIM SENG JOE, WAN AIDA WAN MUSTAPHA*, MOHAMAD YUSOF MASKAT
& MAMOT SAID
School
of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology
Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Diserahkan:
14 Mei 2013/Diterima: 31 Disember 2013
ABSTRACT
This study was
carried out to identify the pigment extracted from Malaysian brown seaweed, Sargassum binderi and its stability in various conditions.
Pigments were extracted using methanol:chloroform:water (4:2:1, v/v/v), which
is part of fucoidan extraction process, where the pigments were waste.
Carotenoid and chlorophyll were found in the extract using UV-vis
spectrophotometer (420 and 672 nm, respectively). Fucoxanthin was identified as
the carotenoid present using HPLC, while its functional
groups and structure were determined using FTIR and 1H NMR,
respectively. The fucoxanthin-rich extract stability was tested on different pH
(pH1-13), light exposure (dark and light) and storage temperature (4ºC, 25ºC
and 50ºC). The stability tests showed that it was most stable at pH5-7, stored
in dark condition and at the storage temperature of 4ºC and 25ºC. The
fucoxanthin-rich extract from Sargassum binderi has potential to be
applied as bioingredient and functional food as it is stable in normal storage
conditions.
Keywords: Carotenoid;
chlorophyll; fucoxanthin; pigment; Sargassum
binderi
ABSTRAK
Kajian ini dijalankan
untuk mengenal pasti pigmen yang diekstrak daripada rumpai laut perang
Malaysia, Sargassum binderi dan juga kestabilannya dalam pelbagai
keadaan. Pigmen diekstrak menggunakan metanol:kloroform:air (4:2:1, v/v/v),
yang merupakan sebahagian daripada proses pengekstrakan fukoidan, dengan pigmen
merupakan bahan buangan/sisa. Kehadiran karotenoid dan klorofil telah ditentukan
dengan menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-vis (masing-masing 420 nm
dan 672 nm). Fukoxantin telah dikenal pasti sebagai karotenoid yang hadir
dengan menggunakan kromatografi cecair prestasi tinggi (KCPT),
manakala kumpulan berfungsi dan struktur fukoxantin masing-masing dikenal pasti
dengan menggunakan spektroskopi transformasi Fourier inframerah (FTIR)
dan spektroskopi resonans magnet nukleus proton (1H NMR).
Kestabilan pigmen telah diuji pada beberapa parameter yang berbeza, iaitu pH
(pH1-13), pendedahan cahaya (cerah dan gelap) dan suhu simpanan (4ºC, 25ºC dan
50ºC). Ujian kestabilan menunjukkan bahawa pigmen adalah paling stabil pada
pH5-7, disimpan dalam keadaan gelap dan pada suhu simpanan 4ºC dan 25ºC. Pigmen
yang diekstrak daripada Sargassum binderi ini mempunyai potensi untuk
diaplikasikan sebagai bioingredien dan makanan kerana ianya adalah stabil pada
keadaan simpanan normal.
Kata kunci: Fukoxantin; karotenoid; klorofil; pigmen; Sargassum
binderi
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: wanaidawm@ukm.edu.my
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