Sains Malaysiana 45(10)(2016): 1531–1536

 

Patterns of Injuries and Illness Among Malaysian Athletes during the XVII Asian Games 2014

(Pola Kecederaan dan Masalah Kesihatan dalam Kalangan Atlet Malaysia di Kejohanan Sukan Asia 2014)

 

MOHAMAD SHARIFF A HAMID1*, ARSHAD PUJI2, ZAIDI SALLEH2,3, ZAKIY JAMALULLAIL2 & KAMARUL HASHIMY HUSSEIN2

 

1Unit of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur

Malaysia

 

2Sports Medicine Unit, National Sports Institute of Malaysia, National Sports Complex

Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

 

3Orthopaedic Department, Hospital Serdang, Jalan Puchong, 43000 Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan

Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 16 November 2015/Diterima: 19 Februari 2016

 

ABSTRACT

Although more Malaysians are taking part in International Multisport Games, these athletes well-being at such events have not been fully explored. The purpose of this study was to examine the pattern of injury and illness among Malaysian athletes during the XVII Asian Games 2014. Clinical and socio-demographic information of athletes diagnosed with injury or illness during the centralised training camp and at the Games were recorded in a standardised report form. Throughout the study period, 83 injuries and 64 illnesses were recorded from 276 athletes. Muscle strains and tears were the most common injury followed by ligamentous injury and soft tissues contusion. The number of injuries was highest among badminton players followed by hockey and rugby. Significantly higher incidence of injuries was observed among men than women hockey players. Athletes in individual events had higher proportion of more severe injury than those in team events. Respiratory tract infection was the most frequent illness diagnosed among athletes. Most injuries and illnesses diagnosed among athletes were minor and did not result in time away from participation. The incidence of injuries and illnesses among Malaysian athletes at the XVII Asian Games were comparable with those reported by previous authors. Injury and illness rate were influenced by gender and sports. Fortunately, majority of injuries and illnesses were minor and did not prevent athletes from participation.

 

Keywords: Epidemiology; multi-sports games; sports injuries

 

ABSTRAK

Walaupun ramai atlet Malaysia telah menyertai pelbagai kejohanan sukan pada peringkat antarabangsa, tahap kesihatan mereka dalam kejohanan masih belum diterokai. Tujuan penyelidikan ini dijalankan adalah untuk mengkaji pola kecederaan dan masalah kesihatan dalam kalangan atlet Malaysia pada Kejohanan Sukan Asia ke-XVII 2014. Maklumat klinikal serta sosio-demografik atlet yang mengalami kecederaan atau masalah kesihatan ketika di kem latihan dan pada kejohanan sukan direkodkan di dalam borang laporan kecederaan/masalah kesihatan. Sepanjang penyelidikan ini dijalankan sejumlah 83 kecederaan dan 64 masalah kesihatan telah direkodkan dalam kalangan 276 atlet Malaysia. Kecederaan otot adalah kecederaan yang paling kerap dilaporkan diikuti kecederaan ligamen dan kontusi tisu lembut. Jumlah kecederaan tertinggi dilaporkan dalam kalangan atlet badminton diikuti dengan pemain hoki dan ragbi. Kecederaaan juga dilaporkan secara signifikannya lebih tinggi dalam kalangan pemain hoki lelaki berbanding wanita. Kadar kecederaan yang teruk lebih tinggi dalam kalangan atlet acara inividu daripada atlet berpasukan. Sementara itu jangkitan salur pernafasan merupakan masalah kesihatan yang paling kerap didiagnosis dalam kalangan atlet. Majoriti kecederaan dan masalah kesihatan dialami atlet merupakan masalah ringan yang tidak mengecualikan atlet daripada bertanding mahupun berlatih. Insiden kecederaan dan masalah kesihatan dalam kalangan atlet Malaysia di kejohanan Sukan Asia ke-XVII sebanding dengan insiden yang dilaporkan oleh penyelidik terdahulu. Kadar kecederaan dan masalah kesihatan dipengaruhi oleh jantina serta jenis sukan. Majoriti kecederaan dan masalah kesihatan dialami adalah masalah ringan dan tidak mengecualikan atlet daripada penyertaan.

 

Kata kunci: Epidemiologi; kecederaan sukan; kejohanan pelbagai sukan

RUJUKAN

A Hamid, M.S., Zulkarnain, J. & Azril Syazwan, M.A. 2014. Incidence and characteristics of injuries during the 2010 FELDA/FAM National Futsal League in Malaysia. Plos One 9(4): e95158-e95166.

Alonso, J.M., Tscholl, P.M., Engebretsen, L., Mountjoy, M., Dvorak, J. & Junge, J. 2010. Occurrence of injuries and illnesses during the 2009 IAAF World Athletics Championships. British Journal of Sports Medicine 44(15): 1100-1105.

Bursac, Z., Gauss, C.H., Williams, D.K. & Hosmer, D.W. 2008. Purposeful selection of variables in logistic regression. Source Code for Biology and Medicine 3: 17.

Ekstrand, J., Hägglund, M. & Waldén, M. 2011. Epidemiology of muscle injuries in professional football (soccer). The American Journal of Sports Medicine 39(6): 1226-1232.

Engebretsen, L, Soligard, T., Steffen, K., Alonso, J.M., Aubry, M., Budgett, R., Dvorak, J., Jegathesan, M., Meeuwisse, W.H., Mountjoy, M., Palmer-Green, D., Vanhegan, V. & Rentröm, P.A. 2013. Sports injuries and illnesses during the London Summer Olympic Games 2012. British Journal of Sports Medicine 47(7): 407-414.

Goh, S.L., Mokhtar, A.H. & Mohamad Ali, M.R. 2013. Badminton injuries in youth competitive players. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness 53(1): 65-70.

Hanstad, D.V., Ronsen, O., Andersen, S.S., Steffen, K. & Engebretsen, L. 2011. Fit for the fight? Illnesses in the Norwegian Team in the Vancouver Olympic Games. British Journal of Sports Medicine 45(7): 571-575.

He, C.S., Bishop, N.C., Handzlik, M.K., Muhamad, A.S. & Gleeson, M. 2014. Sex differences in upper respiratory symptoms prevalence and oral-respiratory mucosal immunity in endurance athletes. Exercise Immunology Review 20: 8-22.

Hosmer, D.W. & Lemeshow, S. 2000. Applied Logistic Regression. 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Jegathesan, M. 1973. Pattern of injuries and illnesses in the Malaysian Olympic Team. The Medical Journal of Malaysia 4(XXVII): 248-252.

Junge, A., Engebretsen, L., Alonso, J.M., Renström, P., Mountjoy, M., Aubry, M. & Dvorak, J. 2009. Sports injuries during the Summer Olympic Games 2008. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 37(11): 2165-2172.

Junge, A., Engebretsen, L., Alonso, J.M., Renström, P., Mountjoy, M., Aubry, M. & Dvorak, J. 2008. Injury surveillance in multi-sport events: The International Olympic Committee Approach. British Journal of Sports Medicine 42(6): 413-421.

Junge, A. 2006. Injuries in team sport tournaments during the 2004 Olympic Games. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 34(4): 565-576.

Mountjoy, M., Junge, A., Alonso, J.M., Engebretsen, L., Dragan, I., Gerrard, D., Kouidri, M., Luebs, E., Shahpar, F.M. & Dvorak, J. 2010. Sports injuries and illnesses in the 2009 FINA World Championships (Aquatics). British Journal of Sports Medicine 44(7): 522-527.

Murtaugh, K. 2009. Field hockey injuries. Current Sports Medicine Reports 8(5): 267-272.

Olympic Winter Games Injury & Illness Surveillance Study. 2014. Olympic.org. http://www.olympic.org/Documents/ Commissions_PDFfiles/Medical_commission/Sochi_2014_ Injury_Illness_Record/Injury_and_illness_study_brochure- Sochi_2014-English.pdf. Accessed on 9 July 2015.

Orchard, J.W., Seward, H. & Orchard, J.J. 2013. Results of 2 decades of injury surveillance and public release of data in the Australian Football League. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 41(4): 734-741.

Owoeye, B.A. 2010. Pattern and management of sports injuries presented by Lagos State Athletes at the 16th National Sports Festival (KADA Games 2009) in Nigeria. Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation, Therapy & Technology 2(1): 3-6.

Palmer-Green, D. & Elliott, N. 2015. Sports injury and illness epidemiology: Great Britain olympic team (TeamGB) surveillance during the Sochi 2014 Winter Olympic Games. British Journal of Sports Medicine 49(1): 25-29.

Shariff, A.H. & George, J. 2009. Musculoskeletal injuries among Malaysian badminton players. Singapore Medical Journal 50(11): 1095-1097.

Sherker, S. & Cassell, E. 2002. A review of field hockey injuries and countermeasures for prevention. Monash University Accident Research Centre 143: 1-90.

van Mechelen, W., Hlobil, H. & Kemper, H.C. 1992. Incidence, severity, aetiology and prevention of sports injuries. A review of concepts. Sports Medicine 14(2): 82-99.

Witvrouw, E., Bellemans, J., Lysens, R., Danneels, L. & Cambier, D. 2001. Intrinsic risk factors for the development of patellar tendinitis in an athletic population - a two-year prospective study. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 29(2): 190-195.

 

 

*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: ayip@um.edu.my

 

 

 

 

sebelumnya