Sains Malaysiana 45(12)(2016): 1905–1912

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2016-4512-15

 

Pergerakan Kadmium (Cd) melalui Tanah Baki Granit Terpadat Menggunakan Kaedah Kolum Turasan Mini

(The Movement of Cadmium (Cd) through Compacted Granitic Residual Soil using Mini Column Infiltration Technique)

 

NUR ‘AISHAH ZARIME* & WAN ZUHAIRI WAN YAACOB

 

Program Geologi, Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam, Fakulti Sains & Teknologi

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 7 Jun 2016/Diterima: 11 Oktober 2016

 

ABSTRAK

Penyelidikan ini mengkaji tingkah laku cadmium (Cd) melalui tanah baki granit yang dipadatkan. Sampel tanah baki granit telah diambil di kawasan Broga, Selangor dan dikaji menggunakan tiga kaedah ujian utama iaitu; ujian fizikal (taburan saiz butiran, had-had Atterberg, graviti tentu, pemadatan dan kebolehtelapan), ujian kimia (pH, bahan organik, luas permukaan spesifik (SSA) dan kadar pertukaran kation (CEC) serta ujian mini kolum turasan. Melalui ujian kolum turasan, konsep kebolehtelapan turus menurun digunakan yang melibatkan tiga faktor iaitu halaju/daya-G, ketebalan sampel dan jenis larutan yang digunakan. Graf lengkung bulus menunjukkan kepekatan Cd dalam tanah baki granit semakin meningkat dengan peningkatan halaju. Urutan kapasiti penjerapan semakin meningkat terhadap kadar putaran alat emparan/daya tarikan graviti (G); 230G>520G>920G>1440G. Pergerakan logam berat melalui tanah baki juga meningkat dengan peningkatan halaju/daya-G. Lengkung bulus juga menunjukkan pergerakan Cd secara songsang dengan ketebalan lapisan tanah di dalam kolum. Masa penembusan bagi ketebalan 20 mm juga lebih lama berbanding ketebalan 15 dan 10 mm. Manakala jumlah Cd yang terjerap oleh tanah baki granit dalam larutan campuran adalah rendah berbanding larutan tunggal (masa yang singkat untuk menembusi lengkung bulus). Tanah baki granit juga mempunyai kapasiti penampanan yang rendah (pHfinal = 4 - 7). Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa pencirian fiziko-kimia dan sifat penjerapan tanah dengan menggunakan ujian mini kolum turasan mempunyai kaitan yang kuat untuk mencirikan tanah baki granit untuk dijadikan pelapik lempung tereka bentuk.

 

Kata kunci: Kadmium; lengkung bulus; mini kolum turasan; tanah baki granit

 

ABSTRACT

This research investigates the behaviour of cadmium (Cd) through compacted granite residual soils. Granite residual soil (BGR) was collected in Broga, Selangor and was subjected to three main test; physical test (particle size distribution, Atterberg Limit, specific gravity, compaction and permeability), chemical tests (pH, organic matter, specific surface area (SSA) and cation exchange capacity (CEC)) and mini column infiltration test. Column test followed the falling head permeability concepts where different g-force, samples thickness and different types of solutions were used in this study. Breakthrough curves show the concentration of Cd in granite residual soil becomes higher with the increasing of g-force. The adsorption capacity is increasing to the rotation rate of the centrifugal/gravity ranked as; 230G>520G>920G>1440G. Mobility of Cd through granite residual soil also become higher with increasing g-force. The breakthrough curves also showed that mobility of Cd inversely correlated with the thickness of the soil layer in the column. Penetration time through soil thickness 20 mm was longer than the 15 and 10 mm thickness. The amount of Cd adsorbed by granite residual soil in mixture solutions was lower than in single solution (less time to penetrate the breakthrough curve). Granite residual soil also has low buffering capacity (pHfinal = 4 - 7). The study concluded that physical-chemical characterization and sorption properties of soil using mini column infiltration test have very good linked to characterize granite residual soils material to functions as engineered clay liner.

 

Keywords: Breakthrough curve; cadmium; granite residual soil; mini column infiltration test

 

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: aishahzarime@gmail.com