Sains Malaysiana 46(10)(2017): 1971–1977

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4610-36

 

Sifat Elektrik dan Kerentanan Arus Ulang Alik Superkonduktor Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O dengan Penambahan In₂O₃

(Electrical Properties and AC Susceptibility of In₂O₃ Added Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O Superconductor)

 

ILHAMSYAH PUTRA ABU BAKAR , NURUL RAIHAN MOHD SUIB, K. AIZAT, J. NUR-AKASYAH, S. RADIMAN & R. ABD-SHUKOR*

 

Pusat Pengajian Fizik Gunaan, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 13 Februari 2017/Diterima: 2 Jun 2017

 

 

ABSTRAK

Kesan penambahan In₂O₃ terhadap superkonduktor (Bi_1.6Pb_0.4)Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O₁₀ (In₂O₃)x (x = 0- 0.1 peratus berat) telah dikaji. Pencirian yang dijalankan ialah pembelauan sinar-X, mikrostrukur, rintangan elektrik, kerentanan arus ulang alik dan ketumpatan arus genting antara butiran. Suhu genting mula, T_{c mula} dan suhu genting sifar, Tc _sifaradalah tertinggi bagi sampel x = 0 iaitu T_{c mula} = 112 K dan T_{c sifar} = 90 K. Corak pembelauan sinar-X menunjukkan peratus isi padu fasa (Bi_1.6Pb_0.4)Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O₁₀ (Bi-2223) dan (Bi_1.6Pb_0.4)Sr₂CaCu₂O₈ (Bi-2212) adalah hampir sama untuk semua sampel. Pengukuran kerentanan ulang alik telah dijalankan pada frekuensi 295 Hz dan medan magnet H = 5 Oe. Dua peralihan pada kerentanan ulang alik bagi x = 0 menandakan kewujudan fasa Bi-2223 dan Bi-2212. Suhu pada puncak kehilangan tenaga, Tp untuk kerentanan khayal, χ” adalah tertinggi (74 K dan 104 K) untuk x = 0. Penambahan In₂O₃ telah menyebabkan Tp beranjak kepada suhu lebih rendah dan ini menunjukkan fluks magnet menembusi antara butiran pada suhu yang semakin menurun apabila In₂O₃ ditambah. Lengkung puncak Tp juga melebar apabila In₂O₃ ditambah. Ini menunjukkan gandingan antara butiran yang semakin lemah dan tenaga pengepinan fluks yang menurun. Ketumpatan arus genting antara butiran Jc(Tp) telah diukur menggunakan model Bean dan nilainya adalah antara 16 hingga 20 A cm^-2 bagi semua sampel. Satu model skematik arus aruhan bagi bahan polihablur yang mengandungi dua fasa superkonduktor dengan pecahan isi padu yang sama tetapi suhu genting yang berlainan dibincangkan.

 

Kata kunci: (Bi_1.6Pb_0.4)Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O₁₀; In₂O₃; ketumpatan arus genting antara butiran

 

ABSTRACT

The effect of In₂O₃ addition on (Bi_1.6Pb_0.4)Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O₁₀ (In₂O₃)x (x = 0 - 0.1 weight percent) was investigated. The characterization includes X-ray diffraction method, microstructural, electrical resistance, AC susceptibility and intergrain critical current density. The onset transition temperature, Tc onset and zero resistance temperature, Tc zero is 112 K and 90 K, respectively for the x = 0 sample. XRD patterns showed that the volume fraction of the (Bi_1.6Pb_0.4)Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O₁₀ (Bi-2223) and (Bi_1.6Pb_0.4)Sr₂CaCu₂O₈ (Bi-2212) phase was almost equal. AC susceptibility measurements were performed at a frequency of 295 Hz and magnetic field (H) 5 Oe. Two distinct step-like transitions were observed in the AC susceptibility measurements for x = 0 indicating the existence of Bi-2223 and Bi-2212 phases. The highest peak loss temperature, Tp from the imaginary part χ” of the susceptibility were 74 K and 104 K for the x = 0 sample. Tp shifted to lower temperatures with increasing In₂O₃ content, indicating that magnetic flux penetrated between the grains at lower temperatures as In₂O₃ content was increased. The curve of Tp also broadened with increasing In₂O₃. This indicated the weakening of intergranular coupling and lowering of the flux pinning energy. The intergrain critical current density at the peak temperature Jc(Tp) was measured using the Bean’s model and the values were between 16 and 20 A cm^-2 for all samples. A schematic model for induced current in a polycrystalline material with two superconducting phases of equal volume fraction but different transition temperature is discussed.

 

Keywords: (Bi_1.6Pb_0.4)Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O₁₀; In₂O₃; intergrain critical current density

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: ras@ukm.edu.my