Sains Malaysiana 46(11)(2017): 2241-2250

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4611-26

 

Study on the Relation between Mineral Compositions of Rock and Construction Characteristics of Tunnel in Cold Regions: A Case

(Kajian tentang Hubungan antara Komposisi Mineral Batuan dan Ciri Pembinaan Terowong di Kawasan Sejuk: Suatu Kes)

 

YANLIANG SHANG1,2, SHOUJI DU1*, HONGHONG GAO1 & TONGYIN HAN3

 

1Department of Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

 

2Key Laboratory of Roads and Railway Engineering, Safety Control of Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China

 

3Party Committee, Langfang Teachers University, Langfang 065000, China

 

Diserahkan: 3 Februari 2017/Diterima: 22 Mei 2017

 

ABSTRACT

Mineral composition of rock has a very important influence on the physical and mechanical properties of tunnel surrounding rock. Take Dangjianshan tunnel in cold regions for example, the rock specimens in different parts of tunnel were taken to carry out the detection test of mineral composition. By the detail qualitative and quantitative analysis, the relationship between mineral composition and surrounding rock engineering properties was explored. First of all, the composition and content of minerals contained in in the rock specimens were detected by X ray fluorescence spectrometer and X ray powder diffraction. The detection results show that rock of tunnel contains high hardness minerals such as quartz and feldspar which were proven by initial engineering geological investigation report, in addition, it also contains several kinds of low hardness minerals including inclined chlorite and illite which may exhibit large deformation characteristic of soft rock after the tunnel excavation in case of meeting water and weathering conditions. The total content of inclined chlorite and illite accounted for a considerable component in main tunnel, inclined shaft and parallel pilot respectively and the influence on surrounding rock engineering properties cannot be ignored. Therefore, mineral composition detection must be paid attention to after tunnel excavation. Secondly, the effects of mineral composition on surrounding rock were analyzed in aspects of rock strength, weathering resistance, water softening property and excavation deformation through comparing the rock samples in different parts of tunnel. The comparative results showed that when the mineral contents is high with high hardness and poor hydrophilicity, tunnel surrounding rock plays a better performance of physical and mechanical properties, vice versa. Finally, according to the specific geological and construction parameters of the tunnel, the correlation analysis was studied about the vault settlement after tunnel excavation and the hydrophilicity mineral content in main cave. The logarithmic relationship between them was found and the correlation coefficient was 0.98. It can provide a useful reference for the settlement prediction of Dangjinshan tunnel construction.

 

Keywords: Engineering properties; mineral composition; relation, surrounding rock; tunnel

 

 ABSTRAK

Komposisi mineral batuan mempunyai pengaruh yang amat penting pada sifat fizikal dan mekanik batuan sekitar terowong. Mengambil terowong Dangjianshan di rantau sejuk sebagai contoh, spesimen batuan di bahagian berbeza dalam terowong telah diambil untuk menjalankan ujian pengesanan komposisi mineral. Berdasarkan analisis perincian kuantitatif dan kualitatif, sifat hubungan antara komposisi mineral dan sifat kejuruteraan batuan sekitar telah diterokai. Pertama sekali, komposisi dan kandungan mineral yang terkandung di dalam spesimen batu telah dikesan melalui spektrometer pendarfluor sinar X dan pembelauan serbuk sinar X. Keputusan pengesanan menunjukkan batu terowong mengandungi mineral berkepadatan tinggi seperti kuarza dan feldspar yang telah terbukti melalui laporan kajian geologi kejuruteraan awal. Di samping itu, ia juga mengandungi beberapa jenis mineral berkepadatan rendah termasuk cenderung klorit dan ilit yang boleh menyebabkan perubahan bentuk yang besar kepada ciri batuan lembut selepas penggalian terowong jika berlaku pertembungan keadaan air dan cuaca. Jumlah kandungan cenderung klorit dan ilit merupakan komponen besar dalam terowong utama, masing-masing cenderung penggerudian dan rintis selari serta pengaruh pada sifat kejuruteraan sekitar batuan tidak boleh diabaikan. Oleh itu, pengesanan komposisi mineral perlu diberi perhatian selepas penggalian terowong. Kedua, kesan komposisi mineral di sekitar batuan dianalisis dalam aspek kekuatan batu, rintangan cuaca, sifat pelembutan air dan canggaan penggalian dengan membandingkan sampel batuan di bahagian berbeza dalam terowong. Keputusan perbandingan menunjukkan apabila kandungan mineral tinggi dengan kepadatan dan rendah hidrofilisiti, batuan di sekitar terowong menunjukkan prestasi sifat fizikal dan mekanik yang lebih baik dan sebaliknya. Kesimpulannya, mengikut parameter khusus geologi dan pembinaan terowong, analisis korelasi telah dikaji untuk penempatan kubah selepas penggalian terowong dan kandungan mineral hidrofilisiti dalam gua utama. Hubungan logaritma antara mereka diperoleh dan pekali korelasi ialah 0.98. Ia mampu memberi rujukan yang berguna untuk ramalan penempatan pembinaan terowong di Dangjinshan.

 

Kata kunci: Batuan sekitar, komposisi mineral; perhubungan; sifat kejuruteraan; terowong

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