Sains Malaysiana 50(10)(2021): 3045-3057

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5010-17

Transgenerational Evaluation of Elateriospermum tapos Extracts on the Male Offspring of Obesity-Induced Sprague Dawley Rats

(Penilaian Transgenerasi Ekstrak Elateriospermum tapos pada Zuriat Jantan Tikus Sprague Dawley Teraruh Keobesan)

SANTHRA SEGARAN BALAN^1,2, AZRINA ZAINAL ABIDIN^1,2, KOKILA VANI PERUMAL¹, NURUL HUSNA SHAFIE³, MAIZATON ATMADINI ABDULLAH⁴, AZMIZA SYAWANI JASNI⁵, IBRAHIM KALLE KWAIFA^4,6 & HASNAH BAHARI¹*

¹Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²Department of Diagnostic and Allied Health Science, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Management and Science University, 40100 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

³Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

⁴Department of Pathology, Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

⁵Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

⁶Department of Haematology, School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University (UDU), Sokoto, North-Western 2346, Nigeria

Diserahkan: 2 November 2020/Diterima: 13 Februari 2021

ABSTRACT

Obesity has been considered as a great public health concern, that has spread in both economic and poor resources countries. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Elateriospermum tapos supplementation on the male offspring of female obesity-induced Sprague Dawley (SD) rats at weaning and adult age. A total of thirty (30) female and fifteen (15) male Sprague Dawley rats (N=45) were purchased for this study. Of the 30 female rats, six (n=6) were randomly selected as the control group (CG) and fed separately with male on standard chow diet, while the remaining rats (n=24) were fed on a high-fat diet for 5 weeks. The obese group were further randomly divided into 4 groups, positive control group (PG), orlistat treatment (DG) at 200 mg/kg, treatment 1 (TX1, 200 mg/kg E. tapos seed) and treatment 2 (TX2, 200 mg/kg E. tapos shell) for 6 weeks. One male pup from each dam was culled at weaning (postnatal day 21 (PND21)) and adulthood (12 weeks).  The liver, kidney, retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (RpWAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) were collected for histopathological study. Serum lipid profiles, liver enzyme activities and creatinine were measured. The bodyweight of male offspring from treatment 1 (MTX1) and 2 (MTX2) was significantly lower (P<0.05) compare to MNG group. The RpWAT weight in MTX1 and MTX2 for adult offspring also were significantly lower (P<0.05) compared to MPG. The histopathological examination of liver in MCG, MDG, MTX1, and MTX2 showed normal hepatocytes while the MPG group showed the presence of ballooning cell and hypertrophy of adipocytes was also observed in MPG group compared to another group’s rat. The E. tapos extracts from the shell have greater therapeutic potential on maternal obesity in short and long term treatment.

Keywords: Elateriospermum tapos; high-fat diet; maternal obesity; total cholesterol

ABSTRAK

Keobesan merupakan masalah kesihatan yang besar dan telah merebak di seluruh dunia termasuk negara maju dan miskin. Tujuan kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk mengkaji kesan suplemenElateriospermum tapos terhadap keobesan anak tikus jantan Sprague Dawley (SD) yang berusia 21 hari dan 12 minggu. Sebanyak tiga puluh (30) tikus betina dan lima belas (15) tikus jantan Sprague Dawley (N = 45) digunakan dalam kajian ini. Daripada 30 tikus betina, enam (n = 6) dipilih secara rawak sebagai kumpulan kawalan (CG) dan diberi makanan tikus secara berasingan, manakala tikus yang lain (n = 24) diberi makanan yang mengandungi tinggi lemak selama 5 minggu secara berterusan. Kumpulan tikus obes ini, seterusnya dibahagikan secara rawak kepada 4 kumpulan, kumpulan kawalan positif (PG), rawatan orlistat (DG) pada 200 mg/kg, rawatan 1 (TX1, 200 mg/kg bijiE. tapos) dan rawatan 2 (TX2, 200 mg/kg kulit bijiE. tapos) selama 6 minggu. Seekor tikus jantan dikorbankan pada hari ke 21 (PND21) dan juga pada usia 12 minggu (dewasa). Hati, ginjal, tisu adipos putih (RpWAT) dan tisu adipos coklat (BAT) dikumpulkan untuk kajian histopatologi. Profil lipid serum, enzim hati dan kreatinin diukur. Berat badan tikus jantan daripada kumpulan rawatan 1 (MTX1) dan 2 (MTX2) didapati jauh lebih rendah (P <0.05) berbanding dengan kumpulan MNG. Berat RpWAT daripada kumpulan MTX1 dan MTX2 adalah jauh lebih rendah (P <0.05) berbanding dengan kumpulan MPG. Pemeriksaan histopatologi hati di bawah mikroskop bagi MCG, MDG, MTX1 dan MTX2 menunjukkan sel hepatosit yang normal manakala kumpulan MPG mendedahkan adanya sel belon dan kehadiran hipertrofi adiposit juga diperhatikan pada MPG berbanding dengan tikus daripada kumpulan yang lain. EkstrakE. tapos daripada cangkerang mempunyai potensi terapeutik yang lebih besar terhadap keobesan ibu dalam rawatan jangka masa pendek dan jangka masa panjang.

Kata kunci: Diet tinggi lemak; Elateriospermum tapos; ibu yang obes; total kolesterol

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: haba@upm.edu.my