Sains Malaysiana 50(11)(2021): 3383-3394

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5011-22

 

 

Novel Deproteinized Natural Rubber Latex Adhesive Used in Extraoral Maxillofacial Prostheses

(Perekat Lateks Getah Asli Ternyahprotein Baharu yang Digunakan dalam Prostesis Maksilofasial Ekstraoral)

 

PAWEENA KONGKON1, WIWAT PICHAYAKORN2 & SASIWIMOL SANOHKAN1*

 

1Department of Prosthetics Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand

 

2Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand

 

 

Diserahkan: 5 Januari 2021/Diterima: 8 Mac 2021

 

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to develop an adhesive for silicone maxillofacial prostheses and compared the properties with the Daro adhesive hydrobond (Factor II, Inc, Lakeside, AZ, USA). Two adhesives were developed from non-vulcanized natural rubber-based adhesives (Adhesive A) and deproteinized natural rubber latex (DNRL) products (Adhesive B) and stored at 4 °C. The Control group was the commercial Daro adhesive hydrobond (Factor II, Inc, Lakeside, AZ, USA). The physical properties (appearance, viscosity, spreadability, color, and pH) of the adhesives were measured and every week for 12 weeks after storing at 4 °C. The adhesives were characterized under scanning electron microscopy. Mechanical testing done were peel bond strength and biocompatibility testing was done using MTT assay. Physical, surface, and mechanical properties were compared with the commercial adhesive. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 24. Both adhesives were physically and chemically stable at temperature 4 °C and had suitable peel bond strength adhesives as the commercial adhesive. Hence, the adhesives can be used to adhere to the maxillofacial silicone prostheses.

 

Keywords: Deproteinized natural rubber; latex adhesive; maxillofacial silicone elastomer; rubber-based adhesives

 

ABSTRAK

Matlamat kajian ini ialah untuk membangunkan perekat prostesis maksilofasial silikon dan membandingkan sifatnya dengan perekat hidrobond Daro (Factor II, Inc., Lakeside, AZ, USA). Dua jenis perekat telah dibangunkan daripada perekat berjenis getah asli tak tervulkan (perekat A) dan lateks getah asli ternyahprotein (DNRL) (perekat B) dan disimpan pada suhu 4 °C. Sifat fizikal (penampilan, kelikatan, kebolehsebaran, warna dan pH) perekat telah diukur. Sampel perekat telah dicirikan menggunakan mikroskop imbasan elektron. Ujian mekanik (kekuatan ikatan kupasan dan kebioserasian) telah dilakukan menggunakan MTT asai. Sifat fizikal, permukaan dan mekanik sampel telah dibandingkan dengan perekat komersial. Analisis data telah dilakukan menggunakan SPSS versi 24. Didapati kedua-dua sampel perekat stabil pada suhu 4 °C dan mempunyai kekuatan ikatan kupasan yang setara dengan perekat komersial. Oleh itu, perekat yang dibangunkan sesuai digunakan dalam rekatan prostesis maksilofasial.

 

Kata kunci: Elastomer silikon maksilofasial; getah semula jadi ternyahprotein; perekat jenis getah; perekat lateks

 

RUJUKAN

Amornvit, P., Rokaya, D. & Sanohkan, S. 2019. Applications of PEEK in implant retained finger prosthesis. J. Int. Dent. Med. Res. 12(4): 1606-1609.

Andres, C.J., Haug, S.P. & Munoz, C.A. 1992. Effects of environmental factors on maxillofacial elastomers Part I literature review. J. Prosthet. Dent. 68: 327-330.

Benedek, I. & Feldstein, M.M. 2008. Technology of Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives and Products. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Brehler, R. & Kütting, B. 2001. Natural rubber latex allergy: A problem of interdisciplinary concern in medicine. Arch. Intern. Med. 161(8): 1057-1064. doi:10.1001/archinte.161.8.1057.

Charoenkijkajorn, D. & Sanohkan, S. 2020. The effect of nano zinc oxide particles on color stability of MDX4-4210 silicone prostheses. European Journal of Dentistry 14(4): 525-532.

Cruz, R.L.J., Ross, M.T., Powell, S.K. & Woodruff, M.A. 2020. Advancements in soft-tissue prosthetics Part B: The chemistry of imitating life. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology 8: 147. doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.00147.

Dahl, J.E. & Polyzois, G.L. 2000. Irritation test of tissue adhesives for facial prostheses. J. Prosthet. Dent. 84: 453-457.

DeMerlis, C. & Schoneker, D. 2003. Review of the oral toxicity of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Food Chem. Toxicol. 41(3): 319-326.

Figueiredo, K., Alves, T.L. & Borges, C.P. 2009. Poly(vinyl alcohol) films crosslinked by glutaraldehyde under mild conditions. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 111(6): 3074-3080.

Haug, S.P. & Andres, C.J. 1992a. Effects of environmental factors on maxillofacial elastomers Part III-Physical properties. J. Prosthet. Dent. 68: 644-651.

Haug, S.P. & Andres, C.J. 1992b. Effects of environmental factors on maxillofacial elastomers Part IV-optical properties. J. Prosthet. Dent. 68: 820-823.

Haug, S.P., Richard, G.E., Margiotti, E. & Winkler, M.M. 1995. An in vivo evaluation of adhesives used in extraoral maxillofacial prostheses. J. Prosthet. Dent. 4: 11-15.

Huber, H. & Studer, S.P. 2002. Materials and techniques in maxillofacial prosthodontic rehabilitation. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. Clin. North Am. 14(1): 73-93.

ISO. 2009. 10993-5: 2009. Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices-Part 5: Tests for In Vitro Cytotoxicity. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization.

Jazayeri, H.E., Kang, S., Masri, R.M., Kuhn, L., Fahimipour, F., Vanevenhoven, R., Thompson, G., Gheisarifar, M., Tahriri, M. & Tayebi, L. 2018. Advancements in craniofacial prosthesis fabrication: A narrative review of holistic treatment. The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics 10(6): 430-439. doi:10.4047/jap.2018.10.6.430.

Khan, I. & Poh, B. 2011a. Effect of molecular weight and testing rate on adhesion property of pressure-sensitive adhesives prepared from epoxidized natural rubber. Mater. Des. 32(5): 2513-2519.

Khan, I. & Poh, B. 2011b. Natural rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesives: A review. J. Polym. Environ. 19(3): 793.

Kiat-amnuay, S., Waters, P.J., Roberts, D. & Gettleman, L. 2008. Adhesive retention of silicone and chlorinated polyethylene for maxillofacial prosth. J. Prosthet. Dent. 99: 483-488. doi:10.1016/S0022-3913(08)60113-4.

Krizova, H. & Wiener, J. 2013. Development of carboxymethyl cellulose/polyphenols gels for textile applications. Autex Res. J. 13(2): 33-36.

Kumar, R.P. 2012. Latex allergy in clinical practice. Indian Journal of Dermatology 57(1): 66-70. doi:10.4103/0019-5154.92686.

Landrock, A.H. & Ebnesajjad, S. 2008. Adhesives Technology Handbook. 3rd ed. Norwich: William Andrew.

Nanti, S., Wongputtisin, P., Sakulsingharoj, C., Klongklaew, A. & Chomsri, N. 2014. Removal of allergenic protein in natural rubber latex using protease from Bacillus sp. Food Appl. Biosci. J. 2(3): 216-223.

Perrella, F.W. & Gaspari, A.A. 2002. Natural rubber latex protein reduction with an emphasis on enzyme treatment. Methods 27(1): 77-86.

Pichayakorn, W., Boonme, P. & Taweepreda, W. 2014a. Cosmetic Pore Packs from Deproteinized Natural Rubber Latex. Paper presented at the Adv. Mat. Res.

Pichayakorn, W., Suksaeree, J. & Taweepreda, W. 2014b. Improved Deproteinization Process for Protein-Free Natural Rubber Latex. Paper presented at the Adv. Mat. Res.

Pichayakorn, W., Boonme, P. & Taweepreda, W. 2013a. Preparation of Peel-off Mask from Deproteinized Natural Rubber Latex. Paper presented at the Adv. Mat. Res.

Pichayakorn, W., Suksaeree, J., Boonme, P., Amnuaikit, T., Taweepreda, W. & Ritthidej, G.C. 2013b. Deproteinized natural rubber film forming polymeric solutions for nicotine transdermal delivery. Pharm. Dev. Technol. 18(5): 1111-1121.

Pichayakorn, W., Suksaeree, J., Boonme, P., Amnuaikit, T., Taweepreda, W. & Ritthidej, G.C. 2012a. Deproteinized natural rubber latex/hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose blending polymers for nicotine matrix films. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 51(25): 8442-8452.

Pichayakorn, W., Suksaeree, J., Boonme, P., Amnuaikit, T., Taweepreda, W. & Ritthidej, G.C. 2012b. Nicotine transdermal patches using polymeric natural rubber as the matrix controlling system: Effect of polymer and plasticizer blends. J. Memb. Sci. 411: 81-90.

Pichayakorn, W., Suksaeree, J., Boonme, P., Taweepreda, W. & Ritthidej, G.C. 2012c. Preparation of deproteinized natural rubber latex and properties of films formed by itself and several adhesive polymer blends. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 51(41): 13393-13404.

Pichayakorn, W., Suksaeree, J., Boonme, P., Taweepreda, W. & Ritthidej, G.C. 2012d. Preparation of deproteinized natural rubber latex and properties of films formed by itself and several adhesive polymer blends. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 51(41): 13393-13404. doi:10.1021/ie301985y.

Pizzi, A. & Mittal, K.L. 2003. Handbook of Adhesive Technolgy. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker.

Poh, B. & Kwo, H. 2007. Peel and shear strength of pressure‐sensitive adhesives prepared from epoxidized natural rubber. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 105(2): 680-684.

Poh, B., Lee, P. & Chuah, S. 2008. Adhesion property of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR)-based adhesives containing calcium carbonate. Express Polym. Lett. 2(6): 398-403.

Polyzois, G.L. & Dahl, J.E. 1993. Tensile bond strength of maxillofacial adhesives J. Prosthet. Dent. 69: 374-377.

Sakdapipanich, J.T. & Rojruthai, P. 2012. Molecular structure of natural rubber and its characteristics based on recent evidence Biotechnology-Molecular Studies and Novel Applications for Improved Quality of Human Life: InTech.

Sherriff, M., Knibbs, R. & Langley, P. 1973. Mechanism for the action of tackifying resins in pressure‐sensitive adhesives. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 17(11): 3423-3438.

Sommer, S., Wilkinson, S., Beck, M., English, J., Gawkrodger, D. & Green, C. 2002. Type IV hypersensitivity reactions to natural rubber latex: Results of a multicentre study. Br. J. Dermatol. 146(1): 114-117.

Suksaeree, J., Pichayakorn, W., Monton, C., Sakunpak, A., Chusut, T. & Saingam, W. 2014. Rubber polymers for transdermal drug delivery systems. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 53(2): 507-513.

Taylor, J.S. & Erkek, E. 2004. Latex allergy: Diagnosis and management. Dermatol. Ther. 17(4): 289-301.

Thongpulsawasdi, N., Amornvit, P., Rokaya, D. & Keawcharoen, K. 2014. Adhesive vs implant retained fingers prosthesis: A comparative study on esthetic and functional outcome. World Appl. Sci. J. 29(8): 1015-1019.

Ventura, M., Dagnello, M., Matino, M., Di Corato, R., Giuliano, G. & Tursi, A. 2001. Contact dermatitis in students practicing sports: Incidence of rubber sensitisation. Br. J. Sports Med. 35(2): 100-102.

 

*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: sanohkan.psu@gmail.com

 

 

sebelumnya