Sains Malaysiana 50(5)(2021): 1457-1466

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5005-24

 

Palm Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction Protects Neonatal Rat Cardiomyocytes from H2O2-Induced Oxidative Damage

(Fraksi Kaya Tocotrienol Sawit Melindungi Kardiomiosit Tikus Neonatal daripada Induksi Kerosakan Pengoksidaan H2O2)

 

NOOR SHAREENA AISHA ABDUL KHALID, KHUZAIDATUL AZIDAH AHMAD NAZRI & ZAKIAH JUBRI*

 

Department of Biochemistry, UKM Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 8 Julai 2020/Diterima: 30 September 2020

ABSTRACT

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of heart disease. Tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) is an antioxidant and that has the potential to reduce the risk of heart disease. This study is to determine the protective effects of palm TRF against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCM). The NRCM were divided into control, treated with TRF (10 µg/mL), H2O2 (0.5 mM) and treated with TRF prior to H2O2 induction (pre-treatment). Cell viability was determined by the MTS assay,while the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined using fluorescent dihydroethidium (DHE) and 5-(and-6)-carboxy-2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (carboxy-H2DCFDA) dye. Mitochondrial integrity and cell death were determined using JC-1 and Annexin V-FITC staining, respectively. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined by colorimetric assay kit. The concentration of H2O2 from 0.5 to 5 mM reduced the cell viability and the H2O2 IC50 value of 0.5 mM was used in the experiment. H2O2 induction increased the intensity of carboxy-H2DCFDA and DHE-stains; and also the intensity of green fluorescence of J-monomers in JC-1 staining compared to the control group. The activity of LDH increased while the activity of SOD decreased in the H2O2 group. Pre-treatment with TRF reduced the intensities of carboxy-H2DCFDA and DHE-stains, as well as the green fluorescence of J-monomers in JC-1. Meanwhile, the LDH activity was reduced in the pre-treatment group but no changes were recorded in SOD activity compared to the H2O2 group. Palm TRF protects cardiomyocytes from oxidative damage by reducing ROS production and maintaining the mitochondrial membrane integrity thus reducing cell death.

 

Keywords: Cardiomyocytes; H2O2; oxidative damage; tocotrienol-rich fraction

 

ABSTRAK

Tekanan oksidatif memainkan peranan penting dalam patogenesis penyakit jantung. Fraksi kaya tokotrienol (TRF) adalah antioksidan dan berpotensi mengurangkan risiko penyakit jantung. Kajian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kesan pelindung TRF sawit terhadap kerosakan oksidatif aruhan H2O2 pada kardiomiosit tikus neonatal (NRCM). NRCM dibahagi kepada kawalan, dirawat dengan TRF (10 µg/mL), H2O2 (0.5 mM) dan dirawat dengan TRF sebelum induksi dengan H2O2 (pra-rawatan). Kebolehhidupan sel ditentukan dengan ujian MTS. Kehadiran ROS ditentukan menggunakan pewarna dihidroetidium (DHE) dan pewarna 5-(dan-6)-karboksi-2',7′-diklorodihidrofluorescein diasetat (carboxy-H2DCFDA). Integriti mitokondria dan kematian sel ditentukan menggunakan pewarnaan JC-1 dan Annexin V-FITC masing-masing. Aktiviti laktat dehidrogenase (LDH) dan superoksid dismutase (SOD) ditentukan menggunakan kit esei kalorimetrik. Kepekatan H2O2 bermula daripada 0.5 hingga 5 mM menurunkan kebolehhidupan sel dan nilai IC50 H2O2 0.5 mM digunakan di dalam kajian ini. Aruhan H2O2 meningkatkan keamatan karboksi-H2DCFDA dan pewarnaan DHE; dan juga keamatan pendarfluor hijau monomer-J dalam pewarnaan JC-1 berbanding kumpulan kawalan. Aktiviti LDH meningkat sementara aktiviti SOD menurun dalam kumpulan H2O2. Pra-rawatan dengan TRF menurunkan keamatan karboksi-H2DCFDA dan pewarnaan DHE; dan juga keamatan pendarfluor hijau monomer-J dalam pewarnaan JC-1. Manakala aktiviti LDH menurun dalam kumpulan pra-rawatan tetapi tiada perubahan ditunjukkan dalam aktiviti SOD berbanding kumpulan H2O2. TRF sawit melindungi kardiomiosit daripada kerosakan oksidatif melalui pengurangan penghasilan ROS dan mengekalkan integriti membran mitokondria seterusnya mengurangkan kematian sel.

 

Kata kunci: Fraksi kaya tokotrienol; H2O2; kardiomiosit; kerosakan oksidatif

 

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: zakiah.jubri@ppukm.ukm.edu.my

 

 

   

 

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