Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 23 No 5 (2019): 781 – 788

DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2019-2305-03

 

 

 

SURFACTANT-BOUND Fe₃O₄ NANOPARTICLES AS CATALYST SUPPORT: SYNTHESIS AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES

 

(Nanopartikel Fe₃O₄ Surfaktan Terikat Sebagai Sokongan Mangkin: Sintesis dan Ciri Fizikokimia)

 

Hassanain Hafiz Mohd Asnan¹, Siti Kamilah Che Soh¹*, Wan Fatihah Khairunisa Wan Nor¹, Sabiqah Tuan Anuar¹, Uwaisulqarni M. Osman¹, Mohd Hasmizam Razali¹, Mohd Zul Helmi Rozaini², Mustaffa Shamsuddin³

 

¹Faculty of Science and Marine Environment

²Institute of Marine and Biotechnology

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.

³Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author:  sitikamilah@umt.edu.my

 

 

Received: 10 June 2019; Accepted: 7 August 2019

 

 

Abstract

Magnetic nanoparticles are highly valuable solid support for the attachment of homogeneous inorganic catalyst and organocatalyst. In this study, surfactant-bound Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were successfully synthesized via a co-precipitation method between FeCl₃.6H₂O and FeCl₂.4H₂O, in which sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was applied as a stabilizing agent. The use of surfactant was also to avoid the agglomeration process during the catalytic activity. Different techniques were employed to characterize the synthesized magnetic nanoparticles, such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy/Electron Dispersive X-ray (FESEM/EDX), Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) Surface Area Analysis. The specific surface area analysis of surfactant-bound Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles gave a higher value (117 m²/g) with large pore volume (0.40 cm³/g) compared to bare iron oxide. The VSM pattern demonstrates superparamagnetic properties of magnetic nanoparticles with saturation magnetization M_s, 53.98 emu/g. The analyses obtained recommended the surfactant-bound Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles potentially to be used as solid support for catalytic applications due to their unique properties, for example high surface area, superparamagnetism, and well-dispersed material.

 

Keywords:  magnetite nanoparticles, catalyst support, heterogeneous catalysis

 

Abstrak

Nanopartikel magnet merupakan penyokong padu yang berharga untuk pengikatan mangkin homogen tak organik dan mangkin homogen organo. Dalam kajian ini, nanopartikel Fe₃O₄ surfaktan terikat berjaya disintesis melalui kaedah pemendakan bersama antara FeCl₃.6H₂O dan FeCl₂.4H₂O, yang menggunakan natrium dodesil sulfat sebagai agen penstabilan. Penggunaan surfaktan juga untuk mengelak proses aglomerasi semasa aktiviti pemangkinan. Pelbagai teknik digunakan untuk pencirian nanopartikel magnet yang disintesis seperti Spektroskopi Inframerah Penjelmaan Fourier (FTIR), Analisis Gravimetri Terma (TGA), Pembelauan Sinar-X (XRD), Mikroskopi Elektron Pengimbasan Pancaran Medan/Sinar-X Sebaran Elektron (FESEM), Magnetometer Sampel Bergetar (VSM), dan Analisis Luas Permukaan Brunauer–Emmett–Teller(BET). Analisis luas permukaan khusus bagi nanopartikel Fe₃O₄ surfaktan terikat memberikan suatu nilai yang tinggi (117 m²/g) dengan isi padu liang besar (0.40 cm³/g) berbanding dengan oksida besi tanpa surfaktan. Pola VSM mempamerkan sifat superparamagnetik bagi nanopartikel magnetik dengan nilai pemagnetan tepu M_s, 53.98 emu/g. Analisis yang diperolehi mengesyorkan bahawa nanopartikel Fe₃O₄ surfaktan terikat berpotensi digunakan sebagai penyokong padu untuk aplikasi pemangkinan disebabkan oleh sifat-sifat uniknya seperti luas permukaan yang tinggi, superparamagnet dan sebagai bahan terserak yang baik.

 

Kata kunci:  nanopartikel magnetit, sokongan mangkin, mangkin heterogen

 

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