Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 23 No 5 (2019): 799 - 811

FILEM POLIMER SEBAGAI MATRIKS PEMEGUNAN PEWARNA CAMPURAN SEMULA JADI UNTUK SENSOR pH

(Polymeric Films as Matrixes for the Immobilization of Mixed Natural Dyes for Optical pH Sensor)

Noor Azizah Ahmad^1,2, Lee Yook Heng¹*, Sharina Abu Hanifah¹, Faridah Salam²

¹Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi,

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

²Institut Penyelidikan dan Kemajuan Pertanian Malaysia,

43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

*Corresponding author: yhl1000@ukm.edu.my

Received: 7 July 2019; Accepted: 25 August 2019

Abstrak

Pencirian sensor pH yang berasaskan pemegunan pewarna campuran semula jadi daripada ekstrak tumbuhan Clitoria sp dan Brassica sp pada filem beberapa jenis polimer telah dilakukan. Matriks polimer yang telah dikaji ialah karagenan (ι- dan κ-), kanji jagung dan karboksil metil selulosa. Kesesuaian filem polimer dinilai dari segi keterlarutan polimer dalam air, serapan air oleh filem dan juga larut-resap bahan sensor terpegun daripada filem. Hasil kajian kesesuaian menunjukkan bahawa filem ι-karagenan adalah memenuhi ciri yang diperlukan sebagai filem sensor. Sensor pH yang dibina dengan filem ι-karagenan menunjukkan nilai sisihan piawai relatif (RSD) untuk ciri kebolehulangan dan kebolehasilan berada di bawah paras 5% pada nilai pH 4, 7 dan 12 yang diukur. Masa rangsangan yang diperlukan oleh filem sensor pH ini untuk bertindak balas dengan lengkap adalah 2 minit dalam tempoh perendaman. Filem sensor pH berasaskan ι-karagenan boleh disimpan pada suhu bilik selama 7 hari tanpa perubahan rangsangan (RSD 1.85%). Kestabilan foto bagi filem sensor pH selepas 12 minggu disimpan dalam suhu 4°C masih menunjukkan rangsangan yang stabil (RSD 1.63%). Kesan histerisis pada sensor pH juga didapati minimum dengan menggunakan filem ι-karagenan ini. Oleh yang demikian, kriteria yang terdapat pada filem ι-karagenan terpegun dengan pewarna campuran semula jadi menunjukkan ia berpotensi untuk digunakan sebagai sensor pH, khasnya dalam pemantauan kesegaran makanan semasa penyimpanan.

Kata kunci: sensor pH, antosianin, pewarna campuran semula jadi, ι-karagenan

Abstract

The characterization of pH sensors based on mixed natural dye from Clitoria sp and Brassica sp plant extracts on several types of polymers film have been performed. The polymer matrixes that have been studied were carrageenan (ι- and κ-), corn’s starch and carboxyl methyl cellulose. The suitability of the polymer film is assessed in terms of water solubility, water absorption and leaching properties of the immobilized sensor material from the film. The study showed that ι-carrageenan film meets the required criteria as a sensor film. The pH sensor developed with the ι-carrageenan film shows the relative standard deviation (RSD) values are below 5% level of pH 4, 7 and 12 for repeatability and reproducibility properties. The response time of the pH sensor film for fully respond is 2 minutes during immersion period. The ι-carrageenan-based pH sensor film can be kept at room temperature for 7 days without response changes (RSD 1.85%). Photo stabilization of pH sensor film after 12 weeks stored at 4°C still shows stable response (RSD 1.63%). The hysteresis effect on the pH sensor was also found to be minimum by using this ι-carrageenan film. Therefore, the criterion found in the ι-carrageenan film immobilized with mixed natural dye indicates to be used as a potential pH sensor, especially in the monitoring of food freshness during storage.

Keywords: pH sensor, anthocyanin, mixed natural dye, ι-carrageenan

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