{"id":5866,"date":"2026-07-18T22:58:19","date_gmt":"2026-07-18T22:58:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/?page_id=5866"},"modified":"2026-07-19T04:50:27","modified_gmt":"2026-07-19T04:50:27","slug":"volume-22-dec-2022","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/volume-22-dec-2022\/","title":{"rendered":"Vol. 22 &#8211; Dec 2022"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"5866\" class=\"elementor elementor-5866\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7c3e443e elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7c3e443e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3403b5fb\" data-id=\"3403b5fb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-220fcc67 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"220fcc67\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1048\" class=\"elementor elementor-1048\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c56d40c elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c56d40c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fc4eeb4\" data-id=\"fc4eeb4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee343f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-header-info\" data-id=\"ee343f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-header-info.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <ul class=\"ekit-header-info\">\n                                    <li>\n                            <a > \n                                                                IJIT | International Journal of Islamic Thought                            <\/a>\n                        <\/li>\n\n                            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8b2af36\" data-id=\"8b2af36\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c12e66 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-tablet__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-header-info\" data-id=\"8c12e66\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-header-info.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <ul class=\"ekit-header-info\">\n                                    <li>\n                            <a > \n                                <i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-phone\"><\/i>                                +603 8921 5503                            <\/a>\n                        <\/li>\n\n                                            <li>\n                            <a > \n                                <i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"icon icon-email\"><\/i>                                ijit@ukm.edu.my                            <\/a>\n                        <\/li>\n\n                            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-754f3a2 elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"754f3a2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a92e9f4\" data-id=\"a92e9f4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07aef75 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"07aef75\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\">IJIT | International Journal of Islamic Thought<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-43ed288 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"43ed288\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-985747c\" data-id=\"985747c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-739421e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"739421e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"860\" height=\"86\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/LOGO-HEADER-2025-IJIT-AWARD-1.0.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3843\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/LOGO-HEADER-2025-IJIT-AWARD-1.0.png 860w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/LOGO-HEADER-2025-IJIT-AWARD-1.0-300x30.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/LOGO-HEADER-2025-IJIT-AWARD-1.0-768x77.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 860px) 100vw, 860px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bb12cce\" data-id=\"bb12cce\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e184bd elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1e184bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"178\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/IJIT-FONT-1024x178.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3276\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/IJIT-FONT-1024x178.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/IJIT-FONT-300x52.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/IJIT-FONT-768x133.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/IJIT-FONT-1536x267.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/IJIT-FONT.png 1646w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b15c1a elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2b15c1a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">International Journal of Islamic Thought<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c694a6e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c694a6e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\">e-ISSN 2289-6023 |\u00a0\u00a0ISSN 2232-1314<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5a7915a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5a7915a\" data-element_type=\"section\" 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elementor-element-71bc7b1\" data-id=\"71bc7b1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45cd8f4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"45cd8f4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Volume 22, (December) 2022<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98fd21f elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"98fd21f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/22%20PRELIM%20IJIT%20DEC%2022%202022.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PRELIMINARY<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-38b418d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"38b418d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7d184f2\" data-id=\"7d184f2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-672356e elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"672356e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42cd009 elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"42cd009\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tArticle 234\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-da25801 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"da25801\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ade Yamin, Mufliha Wijayati, Ana Maria Fatimah Parera &amp; Rahmawansyah Sahib<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6bd391 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"a6bd391\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d23ce20 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d23ce20\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The Tradition of Pilgrimage to the Grave of Muslim Missionaries in Misool Island, Papua<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-222650a elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-simple-tab\" data-id=\"222650a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-simple-tab.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <div class=\"elementkit-tab-wraper   elementskit-fitcontent-tab \">\n            <ul class=\"nav nav-tabs elementkit-tab-nav \">\n                                    <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  active show left-pos\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd936f3d74-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"page-no-doi\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-5baac7f6a5fd936f3d74\" href=\"#Content-5baac7f6a5fd936f3d74\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-5baac7f6a5fd936f3d74\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Page No. &amp; DOI<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd936f3d74-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"abstract-keywords\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-83b45ef6a5fd936f3d74\" href=\"#Content-83b45ef6a5fd936f3d74\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-83b45ef6a5fd936f3d74\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Abstract &amp; Keywords<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd936f3d74-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"full-article\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-b2a058e6a5fd936f3d74\" href=\"#Content-b2a058e6a5fd936f3d74\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-b2a058e6a5fd936f3d74\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Full Article<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                <\/ul>\n\n            <div class=\"tab-content elementkit-tab-content\">\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f  active show\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd936f3d74\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd936f3d74-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Page: 1-11\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.234\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.234<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef \" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd936f3d74\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd936f3d74-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The aim of this article is to reveal the meaning behind the grave considered sacred by the community. This paper attempts to explain the relationship between the pilgrimage tradition at the sacred grave and the fulfilment of the necessities of life, as well as the strong influence of traditional and religious values in determining the standards of values and norms prevailing in community on Misool Island, Raja Ampat. Through ethnographic works by tracing the existence of old grave on Misool Island, Raja Ampat, and by carefully listening to the\u00a0 explanations of community leaders verbally describing the history of the tomb, there are enough reasons to explain the close relationship between the values believed and practiced in the life of Misool society and the sacredness of some existing graves. This study explains the importance of the position of grave in connecting people\u2019s hope to the noblest Essence. The symbolizing of the grave as something extraordinary in this society also turns out to be a way to maintain the continuity of people\u2019s hope with the reality that many cultural and structural obstacles are encountered.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Sacred, Islamic Grave, Misool Raja Ampat<\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e \" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd936f3d74\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd936f3d74-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Ade-Yamin-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-2022-Edited.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                \n            <\/div>\n                                <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Page No. &amp; DOI\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p>Page: 1-11\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\\\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.234\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.234<\/a><\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Abstract &amp; Keywords\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The aim of this article is to reveal the meaning behind the grave considered sacred by the community. This paper attempts to explain the relationship between the pilgrimage tradition at the sacred grave and the fulfilment of the necessities of life, as well as the strong influence of traditional and religious values in determining the standards of values and norms prevailing in community on Misool Island, Raja Ampat. Through ethnographic works by tracing the existence of old grave on Misool Island, Raja Ampat, and by carefully listening to the\u00a0 explanations of community leaders verbally describing the history of the tomb, there are enough reasons to explain the close relationship between the values believed and practiced in the life of Misool society and the sacredness of some existing graves. This study explains the importance of the position of grave in connecting people\u2019s hope to the noblest Essence. The symbolizing of the grave as something extraordinary in this society also turns out to be a way to maintain the continuity of people\u2019s hope with the reality that many cultural and structural obstacles are encountered.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Sacred, Islamic Grave, Misool Raja Ampat<\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Full Article\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Ade-Yamin-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-2022-Edited.pdf\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>\"}}]}<\/script>\n                            <\/div>\n    <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-0ecb8b8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0ecb8b8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e4e2508\" data-id=\"e4e2508\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a14dcec elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"a14dcec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tArticle 235\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55ffc55 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"55ffc55\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ahmad Syauqi<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8027fe9 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"8027fe9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d67a7f elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2d67a7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Retracing Jihad: A Comparative Study Between Said Nursi and Seyyed Hossein Nasr<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02a2db5 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-simple-tab\" data-id=\"02a2db5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-simple-tab.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <div class=\"elementkit-tab-wraper   elementskit-fitcontent-tab \">\n            <ul class=\"nav nav-tabs elementkit-tab-nav \">\n                                    <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  active show left-pos\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93703791-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"page-no-doi\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-5baac7f6a5fd93703791\" href=\"#Content-5baac7f6a5fd93703791\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-5baac7f6a5fd93703791\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Page No. &amp; DOI<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93703791-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"abstract-keywords\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-83b45ef6a5fd93703791\" href=\"#Content-83b45ef6a5fd93703791\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-83b45ef6a5fd93703791\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Abstract &amp; Keywords<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93703791-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"full-article\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-b2a058e6a5fd93703791\" href=\"#Content-b2a058e6a5fd93703791\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-b2a058e6a5fd93703791\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Full Article<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                <\/ul>\n\n            <div class=\"tab-content elementkit-tab-content\">\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f  active show\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93703791\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93703791-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Page: 12-23\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.235\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.235<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef \" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93703791\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93703791-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The dialogue about jihad has become a phenomenon that continuously fuels public conversation ubiquitously. Stigmatization of Islam as a vile religion and jihad as an act of terror are detrimental consequences of two factors: distortion by propagandists and abusing the concept of jihad by extremist-literalists. This article is an attempt at an overview of Nursi and Nasr\u2019s thoughts on the highly contentious issue of jihad. These two prominent Muslim thinkers are worth our attention, given the enormous influence that their thoughts have had on intellectual discourse and Muslim social movements in innumerable places all over the globe. Study shows both Nursi and Nasr share a common conviction that jihad has a prodigious essence which cannot be reduced to just military activity, and they repudiate all violence and coercive actions in the name of religion. Nevertheless, their thoughts do exhibit some differences particularly regarding the nature of jihad and the implementation of jihad in the modern era.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Badiuzzaman Said Nursi, Seyyed Hossein Nasr, Jihad<\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e \" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93703791\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93703791-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Ahmad-Syauqi-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-2022-edited.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                \n            <\/div>\n                                <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Page No. &amp; DOI\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p>Page: 12-23\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\\\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.235\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.235<\/a><\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Abstract &amp; Keywords\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The dialogue about jihad has become a phenomenon that continuously fuels public conversation ubiquitously. Stigmatization of Islam as a vile religion and jihad as an act of terror are detrimental consequences of two factors: distortion by propagandists and abusing the concept of jihad by extremist-literalists. This article is an attempt at an overview of Nursi and Nasr\u2019s thoughts on the highly contentious issue of jihad. These two prominent Muslim thinkers are worth our attention, given the enormous influence that their thoughts have had on intellectual discourse and Muslim social movements in innumerable places all over the globe. Study shows both Nursi and Nasr share a common conviction that jihad has a prodigious essence which cannot be reduced to just military activity, and they repudiate all violence and coercive actions in the name of religion. Nevertheless, their thoughts do exhibit some differences particularly regarding the nature of jihad and the implementation of jihad in the modern era.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Badiuzzaman Said Nursi, Seyyed Hossein Nasr, Jihad<\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Full Article\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Ahmad-Syauqi-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-2022-edited.pdf\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>\"}}]}<\/script>\n                            <\/div>\n    <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-21efa8d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"21efa8d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-8f9f9e7\" data-id=\"8f9f9e7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d5a6c8 elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"2d5a6c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tArticle 236\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a46bfc2 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a46bfc2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Antiga Pashayeva<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6fbbe5 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"a6fbbe5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c19d407 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c19d407\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Religion and Law: The Ratio of Law and Morality in Islam<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51b9488 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-simple-tab\" data-id=\"51b9488\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-simple-tab.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <div class=\"elementkit-tab-wraper   elementskit-fitcontent-tab \">\n            <ul class=\"nav nav-tabs elementkit-tab-nav \">\n                                    <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  active show left-pos\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93707014-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"page-no-doi\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-5baac7f6a5fd93707014\" href=\"#Content-5baac7f6a5fd93707014\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-5baac7f6a5fd93707014\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Page No. &amp; DOI<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93707014-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"abstract-keywords\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-83b45ef6a5fd93707014\" href=\"#Content-83b45ef6a5fd93707014\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-83b45ef6a5fd93707014\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Abstract &amp; Keywords<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93707014-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"full-article\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-b2a058e6a5fd93707014\" href=\"#Content-b2a058e6a5fd93707014\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-b2a058e6a5fd93707014\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Full Article<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                <\/ul>\n\n            <div class=\"tab-content elementkit-tab-content\">\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f  active show\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93707014\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93707014-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Page: 24-31\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.236\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.236<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef \" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93707014\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93707014-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Religious, legal, and moral norms, which are an integral part of culture, have always existed. Islam has approached the rights, ethical norms of all living beings from different angles and paid special attention to these issues. According to Islam, rights are given to a person from the moment of his creation, not later. Normative rights, which covering human life, are also united with moral norms. Because there are moral norms at the root of any rule, and if there are no such norms, there can be no legal norm. That is why, when Islam speaks of human rights, it emphasizes morality, especially the principles of justice, and creates a link between law and justice. From the Islamic point of view, law and morality, justice; one of the main features of morality, are the main factors in the formation of a person as a social figure. Because law, morality and justice cover the issues that are necessary in the life of every person, which today we call it as Human Rights. The article focuses on the legal and moral norms of Judaism, Christianity and Islam, their proportions, social impact, and prestige, as well as the principles of human rights law and justice, other issues related to law and morality, and the differences between them. Research and analysis of some legal and philosophical aspects have been carried out here, referring to the authentic and authoritative works of both Islamic lawyers (faqih) and philosophers, as well as Western lawyer-philosophers (legal philosophers).<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Islam, Islamic law, human, morality, justice, norm<\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e \" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93707014\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93707014-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Antiga-Pashayeva-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-2022-Edited.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                \n            <\/div>\n                                <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Page No. &amp; DOI\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p>Page: 24-31\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\\\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.236\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.236<\/a><\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Abstract &amp; Keywords\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Religious, legal, and moral norms, which are an integral part of culture, have always existed. Islam has approached the rights, ethical norms of all living beings from different angles and paid special attention to these issues. According to Islam, rights are given to a person from the moment of his creation, not later. Normative rights, which covering human life, are also united with moral norms. Because there are moral norms at the root of any rule, and if there are no such norms, there can be no legal norm. That is why, when Islam speaks of human rights, it emphasizes morality, especially the principles of justice, and creates a link between law and justice. From the Islamic point of view, law and morality, justice; one of the main features of morality, are the main factors in the formation of a person as a social figure. Because law, morality and justice cover the issues that are necessary in the life of every person, which today we call it as Human Rights. The article focuses on the legal and moral norms of Judaism, Christianity and Islam, their proportions, social impact, and prestige, as well as the principles of human rights law and justice, other issues related to law and morality, and the differences between them. Research and analysis of some legal and philosophical aspects have been carried out here, referring to the authentic and authoritative works of both Islamic lawyers (faqih) and philosophers, as well as Western lawyer-philosophers (legal philosophers).<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Islam, Islamic law, human, morality, justice, norm<\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Full Article\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Antiga-Pashayeva-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-2022-Edited.pdf\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>\"}}]}<\/script>\n                            <\/div>\n    <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-db0eb8a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"db0eb8a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-65ef16a\" data-id=\"65ef16a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88cc2c0 elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"88cc2c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tArticle 237\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32f857d elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"32f857d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hafirda Akma Musaddad, Zairy Zainol &amp; Selamah Maamor<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97336fa elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"97336fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26f2728 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"26f2728\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ibn Taimiyyah\u2019s Thought on Price Regulation in Housing Affordability<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69509fd elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-simple-tab\" data-id=\"69509fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-simple-tab.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <div class=\"elementkit-tab-wraper   elementskit-fitcontent-tab \">\n            <ul class=\"nav nav-tabs elementkit-tab-nav \">\n                                    <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  active show left-pos\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd9370ac36-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"page-no-doi\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-5baac7f6a5fd9370ac36\" href=\"#Content-5baac7f6a5fd9370ac36\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-5baac7f6a5fd9370ac36\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Page No. &amp; DOI<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd9370ac36-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"abstract-keywords\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-83b45ef6a5fd9370ac36\" href=\"#Content-83b45ef6a5fd9370ac36\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-83b45ef6a5fd9370ac36\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Abstract &amp; Keywords<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd9370ac36-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"full-article\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-b2a058e6a5fd9370ac36\" href=\"#Content-b2a058e6a5fd9370ac36\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-b2a058e6a5fd9370ac36\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Full Article<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                <\/ul>\n\n            <div class=\"tab-content elementkit-tab-content\">\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f  active show\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd9370ac36\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd9370ac36-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Page: 32-39\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.237\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.237<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef \" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd9370ac36\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd9370ac36-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Housing affordability concerns are particularly widespread in lower- and middle-income households in most major Malaysian cities, with most of them having trouble purchasing a home. This research therefore seeks to highlight certain related issues of housing affordability and discuss the concept of price regulation according to Ibn Taimiyyah. This study finds that one of the key challenges raised is the sensitivity of housing affordability which is caused by developers&#8217; tendency to boost price to maximize profit, resulting in increasing house prices. In terms of the price notion, Ibn Taimiyyah places a greater focus on a fair price, which indicates that the worth of an item&#8217;s price is acceptable and proportionate with the commodities supplied at a given location and time. Ibn Taimiyyah divides pricing into two categories namely injustice and elemental tyranny. Thus, price regulation is permitted in Islam for the benefit of the welfare state. The originality of this study is it highlights several important issues relating to price regulation in housing affordability that are not widely discussed among researchers. Therefore, it is hoped that it will be able to contribute to the ground knowledge and understanding of the importance of price regulation in housing affordability.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Housing Affordability, Price Regulation, Islamic Economy, Ibn Taimiyyah, Government Intervention<\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e \" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd9370ac36\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd9370ac36-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Hafirda-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-2022-Edited.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                \n            <\/div>\n                                <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Page No. &amp; DOI\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p>Page: 32-39\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\\\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.237\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.237<\/a><\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Abstract &amp; Keywords\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Housing affordability concerns are particularly widespread in lower- and middle-income households in most major Malaysian cities, with most of them having trouble purchasing a home. This research therefore seeks to highlight certain related issues of housing affordability and discuss the concept of price regulation according to Ibn Taimiyyah. This study finds that one of the key challenges raised is the sensitivity of housing affordability which is caused by developers' tendency to boost price to maximize profit, resulting in increasing house prices. In terms of the price notion, Ibn Taimiyyah places a greater focus on a fair price, which indicates that the worth of an item's price is acceptable and proportionate with the commodities supplied at a given location and time. Ibn Taimiyyah divides pricing into two categories namely injustice and elemental tyranny. Thus, price regulation is permitted in Islam for the benefit of the welfare state. The originality of this study is it highlights several important issues relating to price regulation in housing affordability that are not widely discussed among researchers. Therefore, it is hoped that it will be able to contribute to the ground knowledge and understanding of the importance of price regulation in housing affordability.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Housing Affordability, Price Regulation, Islamic Economy, Ibn Taimiyyah, Government Intervention<\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Full Article\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Hafirda-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-2022-Edited.pdf\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>\"}}]}<\/script>\n                            <\/div>\n    <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a0cdf91 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a0cdf91\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1c50fc6\" data-id=\"1c50fc6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-edd46f1 elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"edd46f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tArticle 238\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b73ee46 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b73ee46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ibrahim Olatunde Uthman<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b300c05 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"b300c05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec86a7e elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ec86a7e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Women and the Public Space in Muslim Majority Countries and the West<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85fb2f5 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-simple-tab\" data-id=\"85fb2f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-simple-tab.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <div class=\"elementkit-tab-wraper   elementskit-fitcontent-tab \">\n            <ul class=\"nav nav-tabs elementkit-tab-nav \">\n                                    <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  active show left-pos\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd9370e4dc-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"page-no-doi\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-5baac7f6a5fd9370e4dc\" href=\"#Content-5baac7f6a5fd9370e4dc\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-5baac7f6a5fd9370e4dc\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Page No. &amp; DOI<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd9370e4dc-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"abstract-keywords\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-83b45ef6a5fd9370e4dc\" href=\"#Content-83b45ef6a5fd9370e4dc\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-83b45ef6a5fd9370e4dc\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Abstract &amp; Keywords<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd9370e4dc-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"full-article\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-b2a058e6a5fd9370e4dc\" href=\"#Content-b2a058e6a5fd9370e4dc\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-b2a058e6a5fd9370e4dc\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Full Article<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                <\/ul>\n\n            <div class=\"tab-content elementkit-tab-content\">\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f  active show\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd9370e4dc\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd9370e4dc-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Page: 40-49\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.238\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.238<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef \" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd9370e4dc\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd9370e4dc-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The increasing visibility of Muslim women in the public space in the Muslim majority countries and the West has led to incidences of religious condemnation and even, in some cases, violence against these women. Many fat\u0101w\u0101 (Islamic legal verdicts) have been issued against some of these women, which have contributed to various acts of violence. Many Islamic scholars have been blamed for creating the fertile grounds for religious fanaticism, and espousing violence against women. This has brought to the front burner the feminist activism of these women in both Muslim majority countries and the West as they contest the outcry and violence against their female agency and sexual orientation, hence, the need for this study. It aims at the interrogation of the role of five women in Muslim majority countries and the West in resisting the religious opposition and violence against them. Secondary data drawn from extant literature, interviews and internet sources is used to interrogate the discourse of the purposively selected women in the context of their resistance against the opposition to their agency and choices. It adopts the intersectional and colonial\/postcolonial theories to analyse the arguments of the women within the complex contexts of modernity and feminisms as illustrated by the women\u2019s lives in contemporary societies. Whereas the women under study make no claims to any Islamic piety movements and in fact, mostly reject them; their feminist activism can still resonate with women in Islamic piety movements&#8217; opposition to the gender arrangements supervised by the religious authorities. The study, thus, encourages us to see how both Islamic scholars and Muslim feminists can unite in their deprecation of the use of Islam in supporting the perpetuation of Muslim women\u2019s subjugation and, thereby, call for a synergy between Muslim feminists and Islamic authorities in addressing the legitimate feminist concerns among women. <\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Muslim feminists, binary division, female agency, Shar\u012b\u02bfah, \u1e24isbah<\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e \" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd9370e4dc\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd9370e4dc-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Ibrahim-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-2022-Edited.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                \n            <\/div>\n                                <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Page No. &amp; DOI\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p>Page: 40-49\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\\\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.238\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.238<\/a><\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Abstract &amp; Keywords\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The increasing visibility of Muslim women in the public space in the Muslim majority countries and the West has led to incidences of religious condemnation and even, in some cases, violence against these women. Many fat\u0101w\u0101 (Islamic legal verdicts) have been issued against some of these women, which have contributed to various acts of violence. Many Islamic scholars have been blamed for creating the fertile grounds for religious fanaticism, and espousing violence against women. This has brought to the front burner the feminist activism of these women in both Muslim majority countries and the West as they contest the outcry and violence against their female agency and sexual orientation, hence, the need for this study. It aims at the interrogation of the role of five women in Muslim majority countries and the West in resisting the religious opposition and violence against them. Secondary data drawn from extant literature, interviews and internet sources is used to interrogate the discourse of the purposively selected women in the context of their resistance against the opposition to their agency and choices. It adopts the intersectional and colonial\/postcolonial theories to analyse the arguments of the women within the complex contexts of modernity and feminisms as illustrated by the women\u2019s lives in contemporary societies. Whereas the women under study make no claims to any Islamic piety movements and in fact, mostly reject them; their feminist activism can still resonate with women in Islamic piety movements' opposition to the gender arrangements supervised by the religious authorities. The study, thus, encourages us to see how both Islamic scholars and Muslim feminists can unite in their deprecation of the use of Islam in supporting the perpetuation of Muslim women\u2019s subjugation and, thereby, call for a synergy between Muslim feminists and Islamic authorities in addressing the legitimate feminist concerns among women. <\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Muslim feminists, binary division, female agency, Shar\u012b\u02bfah, \u1e24isbah<\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Full Article\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Ibrahim-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-2022-Edited.pdf\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>\"}}]}<\/script>\n                            <\/div>\n    <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-3e53f08 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3e53f08\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-bd21ef6\" data-id=\"bd21ef6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86358ae elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"86358ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tArticle 239\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e08c2a3 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e08c2a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mohamad Saifudin Mohamad Saleh, Sharafa Dauda, Tan Kwang Shean &amp; Nik Norma Nik Hasan<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b21f64d elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"b21f64d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-168cc2b elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"168cc2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Islamic Environmental Reporting and News Sources in Malaysian Newspapers<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16e2b3f elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-simple-tab\" data-id=\"16e2b3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-simple-tab.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <div class=\"elementkit-tab-wraper   elementskit-fitcontent-tab \">\n            <ul class=\"nav nav-tabs elementkit-tab-nav \">\n                                    <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  active show left-pos\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93711434-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"page-no-doi\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-5baac7f6a5fd93711434\" href=\"#Content-5baac7f6a5fd93711434\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-5baac7f6a5fd93711434\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Page No. &amp; DOI<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93711434-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"abstract-keywords\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-83b45ef6a5fd93711434\" href=\"#Content-83b45ef6a5fd93711434\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-83b45ef6a5fd93711434\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Abstract &amp; Keywords<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93711434-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"full-article\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-b2a058e6a5fd93711434\" href=\"#Content-b2a058e6a5fd93711434\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-b2a058e6a5fd93711434\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Full Article<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                <\/ul>\n\n            <div class=\"tab-content elementkit-tab-content\">\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f  active show\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93711434\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93711434-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Page: 50-58\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.239\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.239<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef \" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93711434\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93711434-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Islamic environmental reporting is getting its toll worldwide including in Malaysia. News on Islamic environmental research on environmental journalism and news sources in Malaysia exist but the role of news sources on Islamic environmental news are largely unknown. Therefore, this study examines the roles of news sources and journalists in Islamic environmental news coverage in Malaysia, a country with an Islamic-oriented news media. By analysing the content of news articles and interviewing journalists at two mainstream Malaysian newspapers (Utusan Malaysia and Berita Harian), this study found that news sourcing judgements at Utusan Malaysia compromised western and Islamic news values of public interest by preferring sources with knowledge on environmental issues rather than sources with Islamic knowledge; while Berita Harian cited more sources related to Islam. Arguably, preference for sources with Islamic knowledge in reporting Islamic environmental news serves readers\u2019 interest best and will guarantee audience rights and interests.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Islam, religion, Malaysian press, environmental news reporting, news sources<\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e \" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93711434\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93711434-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Mohamad-Saifuddin-IJIT-Vol-22-2022-edited.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                \n            <\/div>\n                                <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Page No. &amp; DOI\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p>Page: 50-58\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\\\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.239\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.239<\/a><\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Abstract &amp; Keywords\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Islamic environmental reporting is getting its toll worldwide including in Malaysia. News on Islamic environmental research on environmental journalism and news sources in Malaysia exist but the role of news sources on Islamic environmental news are largely unknown. Therefore, this study examines the roles of news sources and journalists in Islamic environmental news coverage in Malaysia, a country with an Islamic-oriented news media. By analysing the content of news articles and interviewing journalists at two mainstream Malaysian newspapers (Utusan Malaysia and Berita Harian), this study found that news sourcing judgements at Utusan Malaysia compromised western and Islamic news values of public interest by preferring sources with knowledge on environmental issues rather than sources with Islamic knowledge; while Berita Harian cited more sources related to Islam. Arguably, preference for sources with Islamic knowledge in reporting Islamic environmental news serves readers\u2019 interest best and will guarantee audience rights and interests.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Islam, religion, Malaysian press, environmental news reporting, news sources<\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Full Article\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Mohamad-Saifuddin-IJIT-Vol-22-2022-edited.pdf\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>\"}}]}<\/script>\n                            <\/div>\n    <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a901602 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a901602\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c8f8a64\" data-id=\"c8f8a64\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eca6b9a elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"eca6b9a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tArticle 240\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a1dc16 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a1dc16\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mohammad Kazem Elmi Sola, Tooba La\u2019l Sahebi &amp; Amir Rastin Toroghi<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c94d4dc elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"c94d4dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c007696 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c007696\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Considering Inheritance as One of the Consequences of the Soul-Body Relationship in Aquinas, Avicenna, and Mulla \u1e62adra<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cca6d85 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-simple-tab\" data-id=\"cca6d85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-simple-tab.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <div class=\"elementkit-tab-wraper   elementskit-fitcontent-tab \">\n            <ul class=\"nav nav-tabs elementkit-tab-nav \">\n                                    <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  active show left-pos\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd9371487f-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"page-no-doi\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-5baac7f6a5fd9371487f\" href=\"#Content-5baac7f6a5fd9371487f\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-5baac7f6a5fd9371487f\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Page No. &amp; DOI<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd9371487f-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"abstract-keywords\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-83b45ef6a5fd9371487f\" href=\"#Content-83b45ef6a5fd9371487f\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-83b45ef6a5fd9371487f\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Abstract &amp; Keywords<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd9371487f-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"full-article\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-b2a058e6a5fd9371487f\" href=\"#Content-b2a058e6a5fd9371487f\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-b2a058e6a5fd9371487f\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Full Article<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                <\/ul>\n\n            <div class=\"tab-content elementkit-tab-content\">\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f  active show\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd9371487f\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd9371487f-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Page: 59-68\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.240\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.240<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef \" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd9371487f\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd9371487f-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Inheritance is one of the most important issues that has been discussed empirically in genetics since the late nineteenth century. One proper philosophical context of such issue can be traced back in the body-soul relationship debate. This paper goes through the position of Aquinas, Avicenna, and Mulla Sadra, as three different Aristotelian philosophers, to examine how their thought in the issue of soul-body relationship can open a window to the matter of inheritance and which one can better prepare a philosophical ground for such empirical topic. According to Aristotle, the soul is the form of the body, and the body is the soul\u2019s matter. This necessitates a mutual relationship. Although accepting this relationship, both Avicenna and Aquinas disagree with Aristotle on the problem that how the soul can be an immaterial component. But according to Mulla Sadra, basically, the matterform relationship deepens and even indicates a kind of unity in a graded reality. This means that it is a longitudinal relationship\u2013the soul is the continuation of the existence of its own body and is its higher level, not something strange and independent. Therefore, whatever exists in the body, exists in the soul and hence, the role of matter in inheritance becomes more meaningful.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> body-soul relationship, heredity, potentiality, matter-form relationship<\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e \" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd9371487f\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd9371487f-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Mohammad-Kazem-Elmi-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-22-edited.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                \n            <\/div>\n                                <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Page No. &amp; DOI\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p>Page: 59-68\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\\\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.240\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.240<\/a><\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Abstract &amp; Keywords\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Inheritance is one of the most important issues that has been discussed empirically in genetics since the late nineteenth century. One proper philosophical context of such issue can be traced back in the body-soul relationship debate. This paper goes through the position of Aquinas, Avicenna, and Mulla Sadra, as three different Aristotelian philosophers, to examine how their thought in the issue of soul-body relationship can open a window to the matter of inheritance and which one can better prepare a philosophical ground for such empirical topic. According to Aristotle, the soul is the form of the body, and the body is the soul\u2019s matter. This necessitates a mutual relationship. Although accepting this relationship, both Avicenna and Aquinas disagree with Aristotle on the problem that how the soul can be an immaterial component. But according to Mulla Sadra, basically, the matterform relationship deepens and even indicates a kind of unity in a graded reality. This means that it is a longitudinal relationship\u2013the soul is the continuation of the existence of its own body and is its higher level, not something strange and independent. Therefore, whatever exists in the body, exists in the soul and hence, the role of matter in inheritance becomes more meaningful.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> body-soul relationship, heredity, potentiality, matter-form relationship<\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Full Article\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Mohammad-Kazem-Elmi-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-22-edited.pdf\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>\"}}]}<\/script>\n                            <\/div>\n    <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d4ab358 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d4ab358\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e56148d\" data-id=\"e56148d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a37fa1 elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"1a37fa1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tArticle 241\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2390cee elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2390cee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Muhamed \u00c7itaku<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5fae14 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"a5fae14\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3696b5 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b3696b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The Mosque in Albanian Folk Literature<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ed8fcf elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-simple-tab\" data-id=\"8ed8fcf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-simple-tab.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <div class=\"elementkit-tab-wraper   elementskit-fitcontent-tab \">\n            <ul class=\"nav nav-tabs elementkit-tab-nav \">\n                                    <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  active show left-pos\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93716a13-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"page-no-doi\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-5baac7f6a5fd93716a13\" href=\"#Content-5baac7f6a5fd93716a13\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-5baac7f6a5fd93716a13\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Page No. &amp; DOI<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93716a13-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"abstract-keywords\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-83b45ef6a5fd93716a13\" href=\"#Content-83b45ef6a5fd93716a13\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-83b45ef6a5fd93716a13\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Abstract &amp; Keywords<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93716a13-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"full-article\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-b2a058e6a5fd93716a13\" href=\"#Content-b2a058e6a5fd93716a13\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-b2a058e6a5fd93716a13\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Full Article<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                <\/ul>\n\n            <div class=\"tab-content elementkit-tab-content\">\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f  active show\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93716a13\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93716a13-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Page: 69-83\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.241\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.241<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef \" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93716a13\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93716a13-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The mosque had a significant role in all the Muslim community. This religious institution has played a key role in the Albanians since the 14th century when the people accepted Islam and up to the present day. The significant role of the mosque has been reflected through several folkloric works, which serve as a memory for the deeds, worries, and problems of the Albanian people throughout their history. The main goal of this paper is then to put to the fore the image of the mosque on the Albanian folklore at different stages and times. The mosque in Kosovo has been examined from different historical, religious, and geographical perspectives, including the architecture and ornaments \u2013 the image by which the mosque is presented on the Albanian folklore, fulfils the current landscape with new data and promotes a deeper understanding of the mosque on its own. In this paper, we understand the role of the mosque in establishing the Islamic identity of Albanians, organization of Albanian society, education, culture, the Albanian state building, protection from national assimilation, and its great resistance during invasion. The results shown have been obtained using a statistical and hermeneutic approach.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Mosque, Albanian folk, intertextuality, Islam.<\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e \" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93716a13\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93716a13-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Muhamed-Citaku-IJIT-Vol-22-Edited.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                \n            <\/div>\n                                <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Page No. &amp; DOI\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p>Page: 69-83\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\\\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.241\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.241<\/a><\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Abstract &amp; Keywords\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The mosque had a significant role in all the Muslim community. This religious institution has played a key role in the Albanians since the 14th century when the people accepted Islam and up to the present day. The significant role of the mosque has been reflected through several folkloric works, which serve as a memory for the deeds, worries, and problems of the Albanian people throughout their history. The main goal of this paper is then to put to the fore the image of the mosque on the Albanian folklore at different stages and times. The mosque in Kosovo has been examined from different historical, religious, and geographical perspectives, including the architecture and ornaments \u2013 the image by which the mosque is presented on the Albanian folklore, fulfils the current landscape with new data and promotes a deeper understanding of the mosque on its own. In this paper, we understand the role of the mosque in establishing the Islamic identity of Albanians, organization of Albanian society, education, culture, the Albanian state building, protection from national assimilation, and its great resistance during invasion. The results shown have been obtained using a statistical and hermeneutic approach.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Mosque, Albanian folk, intertextuality, Islam.<\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Full Article\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Muhamed-Citaku-IJIT-Vol-22-Edited.pdf\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>\"}}]}<\/script>\n                            <\/div>\n    <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2297e18 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2297e18\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0518811\" data-id=\"0518811\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a09e117 elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"a09e117\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tArticle 242\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b78be0 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9b78be0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Noor Alaudin Abdul Wahab, Najihah Mohamad, Muhammad Fida\u2019iy Nazi Nadin &amp; Nazrul Anuar Nayan<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-125057a elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"125057a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-435f467 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"435f467\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Investigating The Effects of Dhikr Stimulation on Auditory Brainstem Response: A Case Study of a Healthy-Normal Hearing Adult<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-710dba8 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-simple-tab\" data-id=\"710dba8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-simple-tab.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <div class=\"elementkit-tab-wraper   elementskit-fitcontent-tab \">\n            <ul class=\"nav nav-tabs elementkit-tab-nav \">\n                                    <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  active show left-pos\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93718df7-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"page-no-doi\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-5baac7f6a5fd93718df7\" href=\"#Content-5baac7f6a5fd93718df7\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-5baac7f6a5fd93718df7\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Page No. &amp; DOI<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93718df7-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"abstract-keywords\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-83b45ef6a5fd93718df7\" href=\"#Content-83b45ef6a5fd93718df7\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-83b45ef6a5fd93718df7\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Abstract &amp; Keywords<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93718df7-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"full-article\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-b2a058e6a5fd93718df7\" href=\"#Content-b2a058e6a5fd93718df7\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-b2a058e6a5fd93718df7\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Full Article<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                <\/ul>\n\n            <div class=\"tab-content elementkit-tab-content\">\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f  active show\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93718df7\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93718df7-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Page: 84-92\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.242\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.242<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef \" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93718df7\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93718df7-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Dhikr has been studied to a limited extent in its impact on human auditory brainstem response. The article describes the processes involved in preparing Dhikr stimuli and analysing the auditory brainstem waves produced. A total of 18 words of \u2018Allah\u2019 recited by male and female Muslims were saved as 16 bit WAV files with sampling rates of 30,000 Hertz (Hz) and 1.09227 seconds (sec) with a sampling rate of 16 bits. Nevertheless, we calibrated and installed only six stimuli in Eclipse EP25 software. A healthy 23-year-old male underwent routine audiological examinations, including click ABR tests, for the purpose of ensuring normal hearing and brain stem function. To produce Dhikr-ABR waves, the subject listened to all six stimuli, initially presented at 100 dB peSPL to the left and right ear. Later, the tester reduced the intensity level and determined whether there were any significant peaks, namely DI, DIII, and DV, as well as IPLs and IALDs. There were robust waves associated with each stimulus. A few waves, however, displayed early peaks. Depending upon the presence or absence of peaks, the IPLs for DI-DIII, DIII-DV, and DI-DV would be about 2.0, 2.0, and 4.0 milliseconds, respectively. A reduction in intensity alters the amplitude and absolute latency of the waves.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Auditory, Dhikr, Brainstem, Spiritual, Electrophysiology<\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e \" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93718df7\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93718df7-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Noor-Alauddin-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-2022-Latest-Edited.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                \n            <\/div>\n                                <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Page No. &amp; DOI\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p>Page: 84-92\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\\\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.242\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.242<\/a><\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Abstract &amp; Keywords\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Dhikr has been studied to a limited extent in its impact on human auditory brainstem response. The article describes the processes involved in preparing Dhikr stimuli and analysing the auditory brainstem waves produced. A total of 18 words of \u2018Allah\u2019 recited by male and female Muslims were saved as 16 bit WAV files with sampling rates of 30,000 Hertz (Hz) and 1.09227 seconds (sec) with a sampling rate of 16 bits. Nevertheless, we calibrated and installed only six stimuli in Eclipse EP25 software. A healthy 23-year-old male underwent routine audiological examinations, including click ABR tests, for the purpose of ensuring normal hearing and brain stem function. To produce Dhikr-ABR waves, the subject listened to all six stimuli, initially presented at 100 dB peSPL to the left and right ear. Later, the tester reduced the intensity level and determined whether there were any significant peaks, namely DI, DIII, and DV, as well as IPLs and IALDs. There were robust waves associated with each stimulus. A few waves, however, displayed early peaks. Depending upon the presence or absence of peaks, the IPLs for DI-DIII, DIII-DV, and DI-DV would be about 2.0, 2.0, and 4.0 milliseconds, respectively. A reduction in intensity alters the amplitude and absolute latency of the waves.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Auditory, Dhikr, Brainstem, Spiritual, Electrophysiology<\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Full Article\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Noor-Alauddin-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-2022-Latest-Edited.pdf\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>\"}}]}<\/script>\n                            <\/div>\n    <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-df15111 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"df15111\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b5dca0a\" data-id=\"b5dca0a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c7214d elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"7c7214d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tArticle 243\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f509d1a elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f509d1a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nunu Burhanuddin<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0982f2e elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"0982f2e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4b3b9b elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f4b3b9b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sirhindi\u2019s Criticism of the Wahdah Al-Wujud in Ibn \u2018Arabi Course<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3b0ca7 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-simple-tab\" data-id=\"a3b0ca7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-simple-tab.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <div class=\"elementkit-tab-wraper   elementskit-fitcontent-tab \">\n            <ul class=\"nav nav-tabs elementkit-tab-nav \">\n                                    <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  active show left-pos\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd9371b24d-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"page-no-doi\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-5baac7f6a5fd9371b24d\" href=\"#Content-5baac7f6a5fd9371b24d\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-5baac7f6a5fd9371b24d\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Page No. &amp; DOI<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd9371b24d-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"abstract-keywords\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-83b45ef6a5fd9371b24d\" href=\"#Content-83b45ef6a5fd9371b24d\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-83b45ef6a5fd9371b24d\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Abstract &amp; Keywords<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd9371b24d-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"full-article\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-b2a058e6a5fd9371b24d\" href=\"#Content-b2a058e6a5fd9371b24d\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-b2a058e6a5fd9371b24d\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Full Article<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                <\/ul>\n\n            <div class=\"tab-content elementkit-tab-content\">\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f  active show\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd9371b24d\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd9371b24d-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Page: 93-104\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.243\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.243<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef \" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd9371b24d\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd9371b24d-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> This article describes Sirhindi&#8217;s critique of the Wahdat al-Wujud Ibn &#8216;Arabi concept. The method used is the content analysis based on the book Al-Maktubat li-al-Imam al-Alim al-Robbani al-Mujaddid al-Sirhindi. The results of the study state that, first, Ibn &#8216;Arabi&#8217;s view of the universe as imagination clashes with the concept of creation which calls God the Creator. The mention of the concept of creation is considered very important because this idea can direct humans to the concept of retribution and punishment. Second, the experience of fana\u2019&#8217; and baqa\u2019&#8217; does not mean involvement in the divine life, but is like a dream state, like a dream of becoming a king who in reality is not a king. Third, Maqam &#8216;abdiyyah (servitude) as the highest level among the other three stages, namely the unity of Essence (Wahdat al-Wujud), shadow (dzilliyat), and servanthood (&#8216;abdiyyat). The mention of the three stages is intended to show the truth about the Supreme Godhead, as well as mystical criticism to the Sufis which starts from the first stage (al-jam&#8217;) and then stops at the second stage (farq ba&#8217;da al-jam&#8217;), and not paying attention to the stages of slavery, which asserts that God is very different from creatures. Fourth, Sirhindi&#8217;s critique of Wahdat al-Wujud is complemented by the submission of the concept of Wahdat al-Shuhud which is based on the highest Sufi experience of divine transcendence by the teachings of the Prophets. Thus, the world is not one with God, nor is it in his form. God is one Essence, and the world is another in which the two will have nothing in common.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Sirhindi, Wahdat al-Wujud, Ibn `Arabi, Fana\u2019, Baqa\u2019<\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e \" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd9371b24d\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd9371b24d-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Nunu-IJIT-Vol-21-Dec-2022-edited.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                \n            <\/div>\n                                <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Page No. &amp; DOI\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p>Page: 93-104\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\\\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.243\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.243<\/a><\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Abstract &amp; Keywords\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> This article describes Sirhindi's critique of the Wahdat al-Wujud Ibn 'Arabi concept. The method used is the content analysis based on the book Al-Maktubat li-al-Imam al-Alim al-Robbani al-Mujaddid al-Sirhindi. The results of the study state that, first, Ibn 'Arabi's view of the universe as imagination clashes with the concept of creation which calls God the Creator. The mention of the concept of creation is considered very important because this idea can direct humans to the concept of retribution and punishment. Second, the experience of fana\u2019' and baqa\u2019' does not mean involvement in the divine life, but is like a dream state, like a dream of becoming a king who in reality is not a king. Third, Maqam 'abdiyyah (servitude) as the highest level among the other three stages, namely the unity of Essence (Wahdat al-Wujud), shadow (dzilliyat), and servanthood ('abdiyyat). The mention of the three stages is intended to show the truth about the Supreme Godhead, as well as mystical criticism to the Sufis which starts from the first stage (al-jam') and then stops at the second stage (farq ba'da al-jam'), and not paying attention to the stages of slavery, which asserts that God is very different from creatures. Fourth, Sirhindi's critique of Wahdat al-Wujud is complemented by the submission of the concept of Wahdat al-Shuhud which is based on the highest Sufi experience of divine transcendence by the teachings of the Prophets. Thus, the world is not one with God, nor is it in his form. God is one Essence, and the world is another in which the two will have nothing in common.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Sirhindi, Wahdat al-Wujud, Ibn `Arabi, Fana\u2019, Baqa\u2019<\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Full Article\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Nunu-IJIT-Vol-21-Dec-2022-edited.pdf\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>\"}}]}<\/script>\n                            <\/div>\n    <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-874dee4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"874dee4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-508e211\" data-id=\"508e211\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-016c788 elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"016c788\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tArticle 244\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f1ef8d elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f1ef8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Omar Gomaa &amp; Mehmet Ozalp<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-463585e elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"463585e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c19305 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4c19305\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Why Did We Disown the Muslim Brotherhood?<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cdf6a77 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-simple-tab\" data-id=\"cdf6a77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-simple-tab.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <div class=\"elementkit-tab-wraper   elementskit-fitcontent-tab \">\n            <ul class=\"nav nav-tabs elementkit-tab-nav \">\n                                    <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  active show left-pos\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd9371d6d8-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"page-no-doi\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-5baac7f6a5fd9371d6d8\" href=\"#Content-5baac7f6a5fd9371d6d8\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-5baac7f6a5fd9371d6d8\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Page No. &amp; DOI<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd9371d6d8-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"abstract-keywords\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-83b45ef6a5fd9371d6d8\" href=\"#Content-83b45ef6a5fd9371d6d8\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-83b45ef6a5fd9371d6d8\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Abstract &amp; Keywords<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd9371d6d8-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"full-article\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-b2a058e6a5fd9371d6d8\" href=\"#Content-b2a058e6a5fd9371d6d8\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-b2a058e6a5fd9371d6d8\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Full Article<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                <\/ul>\n\n            <div class=\"tab-content elementkit-tab-content\">\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f  active show\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd9371d6d8\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd9371d6d8-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Page: 105-113\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.244\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.244<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef \" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd9371d6d8\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd9371d6d8-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Islamic movements had seemed to be ubiquitous, but a little work had profoundly looked at the internal issues of those movements that marked their increase and influence. Some Islamic movements are reckoned as intermediate, missionary, or terrorist Islamic groups. However, in this research paper, we ascertained that giving much attention to one of the most influential Islamic movements globally, the Muslim Brotherhood \u201cIkhwanul Muslimin\u201d, will conceivably provide ample information for the literature regarding, not just Ikhwanul Muslimin. But generally, Islamic movements such as Ikhwanul Muslimin are considered the mother and fulcrum of political Islam and the emergence of Islamic movements. Conclusively, this research paper interviewed the exmembers of Ikhwanul Muslimin in exile to investigate why they disowned Ikhwanul Muslimin? Moreover, to closely understand the current role of those ex-members in society and whether they joined other Islamic movements, for instance. This research paper ascertained that Ikhwanul Muslimin leaders would likely play a business role by launching schools and companies in Turkey instead of leading the Egyptian opposition against al-Sisi.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> The Muslim Brotherhood, Ikhwanul Muslimin, Coup, Politics<\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e \" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd9371d6d8\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd9371d6d8-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Omar-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-2022-edited.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                \n            <\/div>\n                                <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Page No. &amp; DOI\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p>Page: 105-113\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\\\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.244\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.244<\/a><\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Abstract &amp; Keywords\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Islamic movements had seemed to be ubiquitous, but a little work had profoundly looked at the internal issues of those movements that marked their increase and influence. Some Islamic movements are reckoned as intermediate, missionary, or terrorist Islamic groups. However, in this research paper, we ascertained that giving much attention to one of the most influential Islamic movements globally, the Muslim Brotherhood \u201cIkhwanul Muslimin\u201d, will conceivably provide ample information for the literature regarding, not just Ikhwanul Muslimin. But generally, Islamic movements such as Ikhwanul Muslimin are considered the mother and fulcrum of political Islam and the emergence of Islamic movements. Conclusively, this research paper interviewed the exmembers of Ikhwanul Muslimin in exile to investigate why they disowned Ikhwanul Muslimin? Moreover, to closely understand the current role of those ex-members in society and whether they joined other Islamic movements, for instance. This research paper ascertained that Ikhwanul Muslimin leaders would likely play a business role by launching schools and companies in Turkey instead of leading the Egyptian opposition against al-Sisi.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> The Muslim Brotherhood, Ikhwanul Muslimin, Coup, Politics<\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Full Article\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Omar-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-2022-edited.pdf\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>\"}}]}<\/script>\n                            <\/div>\n    <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2e0d98b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2e0d98b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-49b1be9\" data-id=\"49b1be9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b647c3 elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"3b647c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tArticle 245\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6c5ec0 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f6c5ec0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tamsila Naeem<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-abe5d1d elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"abe5d1d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0300bd elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c0300bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Muslims as Terrorists: Hate Speech against Muslims<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1093ba0 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-simple-tab\" data-id=\"1093ba0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-simple-tab.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <div class=\"elementkit-tab-wraper   elementskit-fitcontent-tab \">\n            <ul class=\"nav nav-tabs elementkit-tab-nav \">\n                                    <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  active show left-pos\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd9371f9df-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"page-no-doi\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-5baac7f6a5fd9371f9df\" href=\"#Content-5baac7f6a5fd9371f9df\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-5baac7f6a5fd9371f9df\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Page No. &amp; DOI<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd9371f9df-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"abstract-keywords\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-83b45ef6a5fd9371f9df\" href=\"#Content-83b45ef6a5fd9371f9df\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-83b45ef6a5fd9371f9df\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Abstract &amp; Keywords<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd9371f9df-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"full-article\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-b2a058e6a5fd9371f9df\" href=\"#Content-b2a058e6a5fd9371f9df\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-b2a058e6a5fd9371f9df\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Full Article<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                <\/ul>\n\n            <div class=\"tab-content elementkit-tab-content\">\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f  active show\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd9371f9df\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd9371f9df-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Page: 114-124\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.245\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.245<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef \" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd9371f9df\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd9371f9df-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> This study aims to analyze the diplomatic use of hate speech acts against Muslims by Western communities, who is to establish their power over Muslims, declare Muslims as terrorists, extremists and fundamentalists in their media, literature and political debates. They have prejudice against Muslims, which is reflected in their socio-political behavior. Muslims all over the world get psychologically disturbed, since such derogatory speeches, abusive titles and bigotry practices against them deconstruct their archetypal identity as peace loving community to terrorists. The hypothetical framework functional in this study is based on the Judith Butler\u2019s Theory of Excitable Speech, promoted by her in 1997. The study is both quantitative and qualitative centered on a mixed survey method, which comprises 25 close-ended questions along with the views of the selected respondents. The outcomes of the research demonstrate that antiIslamic forces try to suppress Muslims in order to psychologically subjugate them. The study recommends that appropriate consideration should be given to uphold Muslim identity. Additionally, all the communities need to confiscate differences among them to cultivate a culture of peace in the world.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Hate Speech, Terrorism, Islam, Diplomatic Approaches of West, Subversion of Muslim Identity<\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e \" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd9371f9df\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd9371f9df-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Tamsila-Naeem-IJIT-Volume-22-Dec-2022-edited.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                \n            <\/div>\n                                <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Page No. &amp; DOI\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p>Page: 114-124\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\\\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.245\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.245<\/a><\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Abstract &amp; Keywords\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> This study aims to analyze the diplomatic use of hate speech acts against Muslims by Western communities, who is to establish their power over Muslims, declare Muslims as terrorists, extremists and fundamentalists in their media, literature and political debates. They have prejudice against Muslims, which is reflected in their socio-political behavior. Muslims all over the world get psychologically disturbed, since such derogatory speeches, abusive titles and bigotry practices against them deconstruct their archetypal identity as peace loving community to terrorists. The hypothetical framework functional in this study is based on the Judith Butler\u2019s Theory of Excitable Speech, promoted by her in 1997. The study is both quantitative and qualitative centered on a mixed survey method, which comprises 25 close-ended questions along with the views of the selected respondents. The outcomes of the research demonstrate that antiIslamic forces try to suppress Muslims in order to psychologically subjugate them. The study recommends that appropriate consideration should be given to uphold Muslim identity. Additionally, all the communities need to confiscate differences among them to cultivate a culture of peace in the world.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Hate Speech, Terrorism, Islam, Diplomatic Approaches of West, Subversion of Muslim Identity<\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Full Article\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Tamsila-Naeem-IJIT-Volume-22-Dec-2022-edited.pdf\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>\"}}]}<\/script>\n                            <\/div>\n    <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-96f9f9d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"96f9f9d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2639f95\" data-id=\"2639f95\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-538ec59 elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"538ec59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tArticle 246\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-570b292 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"570b292\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Wan Haslan Khairuddin<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9ee9bac elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"9ee9bac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-561265e elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"561265e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ateisme dalam Wacana Ilmu Kalam<br \/><em>Atheism in the Discourse of Kalam<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7bd9696 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-simple-tab\" data-id=\"7bd9696\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-simple-tab.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <div class=\"elementkit-tab-wraper   elementskit-fitcontent-tab \">\n            <ul class=\"nav nav-tabs elementkit-tab-nav \">\n                                    <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  active show left-pos\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93721c75-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"page-no-doi\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-5baac7f6a5fd93721c75\" href=\"#Content-5baac7f6a5fd93721c75\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-5baac7f6a5fd93721c75\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Page No. &amp; DOI<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93721c75-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"abstract-keywords\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-83b45ef6a5fd93721c75\" href=\"#Content-83b45ef6a5fd93721c75\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-83b45ef6a5fd93721c75\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Abstract &amp; Keywords<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93721c75-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"full-article\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-b2a058e6a5fd93721c75\" href=\"#Content-b2a058e6a5fd93721c75\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-b2a058e6a5fd93721c75\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Full Article<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                <\/ul>\n\n            <div class=\"tab-content elementkit-tab-content\">\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f  active show\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93721c75\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93721c75-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Page: 125-137\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.246\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.246<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef \" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93721c75\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93721c75-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Atheism, which is an ideology or belief that does not acknowledge the existence of God, is increasingly becoming a discourse among Malaysian society when there are Malay individuals who openly on social media profess to leave the religion, choose to be atheists or free thinkers. In the face of life in the era of globalization or today\u2019s borderless world, the early symptoms towards atheism such as skepticism, agnosticism, materialism, and atheism need to be given due attention in order to deal with it appropriately. This article will discuss Atheism in the discourse of Kalam (\u2018Ilm al-Kalam or Islamic scholastic theology). The writing of this article is based on a qualitative study with the application of content analysis methods to Islamic texts as well as primary sources in the literature of Kalam by scholars Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama\u2018ah (Al-Asha\u2018irah and al-Maturidiyyah). The main issues discussed in this article are: [i] etymology, terminology and definition of atheism; [Ii] atheism in the literature of the Islamic tradition; and [iii] issues and objections to atheism. In conclusion, \u2018Ilm al-Kalam is suitable for its purpose, which is to convict the Islamic faith (ithbat al-&#8216;aqa&#8217;id al-diniyyah) and reject any doubt (daf &#8216;alshubah) is a medium such as in the face of confusion of thought whether a group that does not believe in the existence of god (atheism) ) or idolatrous groups (polytheism).<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Kalam, theology, atheism, polytheism, monotheism<\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e \" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93721c75\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93721c75-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Wan-Haslan-WK-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-2022-edited.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                \n            <\/div>\n                                <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Page No. &amp; DOI\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p>Page: 125-137\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\\\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.246\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.246<\/a><\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Abstract &amp; Keywords\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Atheism, which is an ideology or belief that does not acknowledge the existence of God, is increasingly becoming a discourse among Malaysian society when there are Malay individuals who openly on social media profess to leave the religion, choose to be atheists or free thinkers. In the face of life in the era of globalization or today\u2019s borderless world, the early symptoms towards atheism such as skepticism, agnosticism, materialism, and atheism need to be given due attention in order to deal with it appropriately. This article will discuss Atheism in the discourse of Kalam (\u2018Ilm al-Kalam or Islamic scholastic theology). The writing of this article is based on a qualitative study with the application of content analysis methods to Islamic texts as well as primary sources in the literature of Kalam by scholars Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama\u2018ah (Al-Asha\u2018irah and al-Maturidiyyah). The main issues discussed in this article are: [i] etymology, terminology and definition of atheism; [Ii] atheism in the literature of the Islamic tradition; and [iii] issues and objections to atheism. In conclusion, \u2018Ilm al-Kalam is suitable for its purpose, which is to convict the Islamic faith (ithbat al-'aqa'id al-diniyyah) and reject any doubt (daf 'alshubah) is a medium such as in the face of confusion of thought whether a group that does not believe in the existence of god (atheism) ) or idolatrous groups (polytheism).<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Kalam, theology, atheism, polytheism, monotheism<\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Full Article\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Wan-Haslan-WK-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-2022-edited.pdf\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>\"}}]}<\/script>\n                            <\/div>\n    <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-50b724b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"50b724b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-20c76b5\" data-id=\"20c76b5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c8c2621 elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"c8c2621\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tArticle 247\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24f8a90 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"24f8a90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yusri Mohamad Ramli<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db2cc70 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"db2cc70\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e5e814 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e5e814\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tinjauan Literatur Terkemudian Tentang Wahdat al-Adyan<br \/><em>A Subsequent Review of Later Literatures on the Unity of Religions<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e121ccd elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-simple-tab\" data-id=\"e121ccd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-simple-tab.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <div class=\"elementkit-tab-wraper   elementskit-fitcontent-tab \">\n            <ul class=\"nav nav-tabs elementkit-tab-nav \">\n                                    <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  active show left-pos\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93723cd5-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"page-no-doi\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-5baac7f6a5fd93723cd5\" href=\"#Content-5baac7f6a5fd93723cd5\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-5baac7f6a5fd93723cd5\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Page No. &amp; DOI<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93723cd5-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"abstract-keywords\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-83b45ef6a5fd93723cd5\" href=\"#Content-83b45ef6a5fd93723cd5\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-83b45ef6a5fd93723cd5\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Abstract &amp; Keywords<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93723cd5-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"full-article\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-b2a058e6a5fd93723cd5\" href=\"#Content-b2a058e6a5fd93723cd5\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-b2a058e6a5fd93723cd5\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Full Article<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                <\/ul>\n\n            <div class=\"tab-content elementkit-tab-content\">\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f  active show\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93723cd5\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93723cd5-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Page: 138-145\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.247\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.247<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef \" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93723cd5\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93723cd5-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> In spite of the very enigmatic nature of the figurative passages and wondrous stanzas of the Sufis, scholars from all over the world intrigued to get acquaintance with the meanings between the lines. Above all, one who indulges in inquiring \u201cthe unity of religions\u201d would find rather perplexing, let alone \u201cthe unity of Being\u201d. The Sufi conception of religious diversity is what its greatest adversary Ibn Taymiyyah considered as the apex of their heresies. Initial disclosure by scholars during the 19th century was filled with revelation and astonishment. Nevertheless, the highest ever tolerance portrayed by the Sufis later yet again denounced. But even so, traditional advocacy is far from being diminished with an addition of progressive inclination towards social reform, thus shaping new development of dynamic contour of the discourse.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> literature review, religious pluralism, Sufism, unity of religions, wahdat aladyan<\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e \" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93723cd5\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93723cd5-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Yusri-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-2022-edited.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                \n            <\/div>\n                                <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Page No. &amp; DOI\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p>Page: 138-145\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\\\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.247\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.247<\/a><\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Abstract &amp; Keywords\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> In spite of the very enigmatic nature of the figurative passages and wondrous stanzas of the Sufis, scholars from all over the world intrigued to get acquaintance with the meanings between the lines. Above all, one who indulges in inquiring \u201cthe unity of religions\u201d would find rather perplexing, let alone \u201cthe unity of Being\u201d. The Sufi conception of religious diversity is what its greatest adversary Ibn Taymiyyah considered as the apex of their heresies. Initial disclosure by scholars during the 19th century was filled with revelation and astonishment. Nevertheless, the highest ever tolerance portrayed by the Sufis later yet again denounced. But even so, traditional advocacy is far from being diminished with an addition of progressive inclination towards social reform, thus shaping new development of dynamic contour of the discourse.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> literature review, religious pluralism, Sufism, unity of religions, wahdat aladyan<\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Full Article\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Yusri-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-2022-edited.pdf\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>\"}}]}<\/script>\n                            <\/div>\n    <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-8e6a902 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8e6a902\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a0a829a\" data-id=\"a0a829a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f13bdc elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f13bdc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tArticle 248\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be4b03e elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"be4b03e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Zaini Nasohah, Zurul Iman Zakaria &amp; Zuliza Mohd Kusrin<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3dd50b2 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"3dd50b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d57e4e2 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d57e4e2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Cabaran Penyeragaman Undang-Undang Jenayah Syariah di Malaysia<br \/><em>Challenges of Standardization of Sharia Criminal Law in Malaysia<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07239cd elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-simple-tab\" data-id=\"07239cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-simple-tab.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <div class=\"elementkit-tab-wraper   elementskit-fitcontent-tab \">\n            <ul class=\"nav nav-tabs elementkit-tab-nav \">\n                                    <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  active show left-pos\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93725d60-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"page-no-doi\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-5baac7f6a5fd93725d60\" href=\"#Content-5baac7f6a5fd93725d60\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-5baac7f6a5fd93725d60\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Page No. &amp; DOI<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93725d60-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"abstract-keywords\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-83b45ef6a5fd93725d60\" href=\"#Content-83b45ef6a5fd93725d60\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-83b45ef6a5fd93725d60\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Abstract &amp; Keywords<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93725d60-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"full-article\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-b2a058e6a5fd93725d60\" href=\"#Content-b2a058e6a5fd93725d60\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-b2a058e6a5fd93725d60\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Full Article<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                <\/ul>\n\n            <div class=\"tab-content elementkit-tab-content\">\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f  active show\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93725d60\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93725d60-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Page: 146-159\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.248\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.248<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-83b45ef \" id=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93725d60\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-83b45ef6a5fd93725d60-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Sharia Criminal law has long been implemented in every state in Malaysia. However, the implementation of the law often receives negative perceptions and views from the society. One of the issues raised regarding the shariah criminal law is that the law is not standardize and is varied among the states. This difference may cause injustice to the accused those involved in a sharia criminal offences. A significant difference can be seen from the aspects of types and categories of offences, texts, nature and level of punishment even though it refers to the same offence. Efforts towards the standardization of sharia criminal law has long been sought, but has yet to be materialised due to some issues and challenges faced by the Department of Islamic Development Malaysia (JAKIM), an agency which is responsible to coordinate and standardise the sharia law in Malaysia. This article aims to analyse the challenges face in the effort to uniform the sharia criminal law in Malaysia. This study is a qualitative study which utilises documents analysis approach in its data collection process. The study found that there are three major challenges to uniform the sharia criminal law in Malaysia which include the jurisdiction, politics and social. Therefore, further studies should be undertaken to assist the religious authorities in finding the best method to address these issues and challenges in order to standardize the sharia criminal law in Malaysia.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> administration, sharia criminal offences, standardization, enforcement, Sharia Court<\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e \" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93725d60\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93725d60-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Zaini-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-2022-edited.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                \n            <\/div>\n                                <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Page No. &amp; DOI\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p>Page: 146-159\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\\\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.248\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.248<\/a><\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Abstract &amp; Keywords\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Sharia Criminal law has long been implemented in every state in Malaysia. However, the implementation of the law often receives negative perceptions and views from the society. One of the issues raised regarding the shariah criminal law is that the law is not standardize and is varied among the states. This difference may cause injustice to the accused those involved in a sharia criminal offences. A significant difference can be seen from the aspects of types and categories of offences, texts, nature and level of punishment even though it refers to the same offence. Efforts towards the standardization of sharia criminal law has long been sought, but has yet to be materialised due to some issues and challenges faced by the Department of Islamic Development Malaysia (JAKIM), an agency which is responsible to coordinate and standardise the sharia law in Malaysia. This article aims to analyse the challenges face in the effort to uniform the sharia criminal law in Malaysia. This study is a qualitative study which utilises documents analysis approach in its data collection process. The study found that there are three major challenges to uniform the sharia criminal law in Malaysia which include the jurisdiction, politics and social. Therefore, further studies should be undertaken to assist the religious authorities in finding the best method to address these issues and challenges in order to standardize the sharia criminal law in Malaysia.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> administration, sharia criminal offences, standardization, enforcement, Sharia Court<\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Full Article\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Zaini-IJIT-Vol-22-Dec-2022-edited.pdf\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>\"}}]}<\/script>\n                            <\/div>\n    <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-c7fda2d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c7fda2d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-41fd5f7\" data-id=\"41fd5f7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d0ffec5 elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"d0ffec5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tArticle 249\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9001880 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9001880\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hasse Jubba , Zuly Qodir &amp; Ahmad Sunawari Long<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-171da54 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"171da54\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0157b0b elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0157b0b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In Memoriam of Buya Ahmad Syafii Maarif (1935-2022)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1625f1a elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-simple-tab\" data-id=\"1625f1a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-simple-tab.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >        <div class=\"elementkit-tab-wraper   elementskit-fitcontent-tab \">\n            <ul class=\"nav nav-tabs elementkit-tab-nav \">\n                                    <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  active show left-pos\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93727d8f-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"page-no-doi\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-5baac7f6a5fd93727d8f\" href=\"#Content-5baac7f6a5fd93727d8f\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-5baac7f6a5fd93727d8f\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Page No. &amp; DOI<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                        <li class=\"elementkit-nav-item elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e\">\n                        <a class=\"elementkit-nav-link  left-pos\" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93727d8f-tab\" data-ekit-handler-id=\"full-article\" data-ekit-toggle=\"tab\" data-target=\"#content-b2a058e6a5fd93727d8f\" href=\"#Content-b2a058e6a5fd93727d8f\"\n                            data-ekit-toggle-trigger=\"click\"\n                            aria-describedby=\"Content-b2a058e6a5fd93727d8f\">\n                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-icon\"><i class=\"icon icon-arrow-down-circle\"><\/i><\/span>                            <span class=\"elementskit-tab-title\">Full Article<\/span>\n                        <\/a>\n                    <\/li>\n                                <\/ul>\n\n            <div class=\"tab-content elementkit-tab-content\">\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-5baac7f  active show\" id=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93727d8f\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-5baac7f6a5fd93727d8f-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Page: 160-163\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.249\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.249<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"tab-pane elementkit-tab-pane elementor-repeater-item-b2a058e \" id=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93727d8f\" role=\"tabpanel\"\n                         aria-labelledby=\"content-b2a058e6a5fd93727d8f-tab\">\n                        <div class=\"animated fadeIn\">\n                            <p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Zz-In-Memoriam-of-Buya-Syafii-edited.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                \n            <\/div>\n                                <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Page No. &amp; DOI\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p>Page: 160-163\u00a0 \u2022\u00a0 DOI: <a href=\\\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.249\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24035\/ijit.22.2022.249<\/a><\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Full Article\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Zz-In-Memoriam-of-Buya-Syafii-edited.pdf\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">CLICK HERE<\/a><\/p>\"}}]}<\/script>\n                            <\/div>\n    <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-621bd03\" data-id=\"621bd03\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ff833b elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3ff833b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cover of the Issue<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f31cfd7 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f31cfd7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/1-Cover-IJIT-Dec-2025.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/thunbail-vol22-dec2022.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2031558 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2031558\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vol. 22, (December) 2022<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a484337 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"a484337\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"3484\" class=\"elementor elementor-3484\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-22b17f6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"22b17f6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8a7a431\" data-id=\"8a7a431\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fc35cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"5fc35cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-db4918f elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"db4918f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cac3135\" data-id=\"cac3135\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f95eafd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f95eafd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Editor in Chief<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1ffb59b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1ffb59b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-62d0722\" data-id=\"62d0722\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f8e80c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5f8e80c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\">PROFESSOR DR. AHMAD SUNAWARI LONG<strong><br \/><\/strong><a href=\"mailto:ijit@ukm.edu.my\">ijit@ukm.edu.my<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7a45509 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7a45509\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b810b7d\" data-id=\"b810b7d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d58a77 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7d58a77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Member of<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d5f99aa elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d5f99aa\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0ee41e2\" data-id=\"0ee41e2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77b2db5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"77b2db5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-767\" src=\"http:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/copelogo-e1523070094263-300x197.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"156\" height=\"102\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/copelogo-e1523070094263-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/copelogo-e1523070094263.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 156px) 100vw, 156px\" \/><br \/>COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATION ETHICS<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6ebc62b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6ebc62b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2a5ca8f\" data-id=\"2a5ca8f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0cc0088 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0cc0088\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">IJIT in Brief<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6b98066 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6b98066\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-171b7e8\" data-id=\"171b7e8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c55865 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3c55865\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>An international scholarly journal on Islamic thought and contemporary Muslim issues.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b928ee elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"9b928ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f068a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4f068a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Indexed in Scopus and Web of Science\u2013ESCI.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f2c934 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"2f2c934\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f853d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5f853d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Fully open access with global readership.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a424f2e elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"a424f2e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db4ba95 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"db4ba95\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Published twice a year (June and December).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e1933d elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"1e1933d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e9a20a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2e9a20a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>All submissions undergo double-blind peer review.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dff918a elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"dff918a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b378b0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2b378b0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Accepts English manuscripts only.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-862a51d elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"862a51d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-addd0f3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"addd0f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Requires IMRaD writing structure.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e297928 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"e297928\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ac5244 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5ac5244\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Uses APA citation and formatting style.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a358e2 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"9a358e2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27734aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"27734aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Committed to COPE\u2019s ethical publishing standards.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79c713e elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"79c713e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cf1164 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2cf1164\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Published by the National University of Malaysia (UKM) in partnership with Wisdom Academia Venture.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ffad423 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ffad423\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7b567bf\" data-id=\"7b567bf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4c5058 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b4c5058\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a title=\"SCImago Journal &amp; Country Rank\" 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alt=\"SCImago Journal &amp; Country Rank\" width=\"204\" height=\"204\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6a3a9a18 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6a3a9a18\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-38e3c1eb\" data-id=\"38e3c1eb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3dfdcab0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"3dfdcab0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1053\" class=\"elementor elementor-1053\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-70e7948 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"70e7948\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1b5bfd7\" data-id=\"1b5bfd7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1892abb elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"1892abb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tIndexed &amp; Abstracted by\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c2f9c55 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c2f9c55\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0b0c891\" data-id=\"0b0c891\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-524dd0b elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"524dd0b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.scopus.com\/sourceid\/21100944566\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"90\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/INDEX-SCOPUS.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4655\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-06f2476\" data-id=\"06f2476\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42dc02d elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"42dc02d\" 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data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74d22d8 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"74d22d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/mysitasi.mohe.gov.my\/portal\/#\/journal-details\/df6ba5db-5f76-11ef-a699-005056a6a970\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"90\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/INDEX-MYSITASI.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4657\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3759a57\" data-id=\"3759a57\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6512b69 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6512b69\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"90\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/INDEX-ATLA.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4778\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d63a879\" data-id=\"d63a879\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aa59b1a elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"aa59b1a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/search.crossref.org\/?from_ui=yes&#038;q=2232-1314\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"90\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/INDEX-CROSSREF.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4663\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5983b7e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5983b7e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0c3ac6a\" data-id=\"0c3ac6a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2bf2bc elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e2bf2bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"90\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/INDEX-PROQUEST-2.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4781\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-67ee4bd\" data-id=\"67ee4bd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04c2e1f elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"04c2e1f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"90\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/INDEX-EBSCOHOST.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4779\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-605c647\" data-id=\"605c647\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-066ee31 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"066ee31\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"90\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/INDEX-PROQUEST.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4780\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-49acecb\" data-id=\"49acecb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0260a4 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e0260a4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"90\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/INDEX-ISLAMICUS.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4782\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0b3e8b9\" data-id=\"0b3e8b9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9c01670 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9c01670\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cb7aa49\" data-id=\"cb7aa49\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35ca6e0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"35ca6e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-5473\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/CC-BY.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"114\" height=\"45\" \/><br \/><span style=\"color: #003300;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Authors retain copyright of their work. Articles published in IJIT are distributed under the <span style=\"color: #f7f381;\"><a style=\"color: #f7f381;\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License <br \/>(CC BY 4.0)<\/a><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ed2aa0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6ed2aa0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.easycounter.com\/counter.php?ijitukm&#038;__ncforminfo=UFBBnh2iQt1z85PE6YuniOjJkuG7UP239YaabcmOcuoZTQlL5ZLo3ckfBmIOXYpWq7Ejkp7JN8vk7ZIFqX3yCA==&#038;__ncforminfo=pax0TaxNQSEzaHXTDxBT9Jd8A_EJNHxRnTRn6nNTL82-biGy4jiEUk35MksuZhov4QCMNcmeWt4Ej2EFzG63CnmeEoJuhlel&#038;__ncforminfo=mCQMoR_z7TLwu4_GhLFu_PHeUJTqtl9nSG5ftRafTNsckO8On0DBsxvevcbjCby1IKfQV4jPRF-eQaL_Z1d8FvY6ZrzPqinc7TNSs8T3_7g=&#038;__ncforminfo=w91uEyGZrAYSZ-GTNDsEKXMOsjqj1nSooxuMkB6Bj7LQzwkfvKleXmdjmTKw-_UIpiPwXhEabhksAG76vx1JRndNs3BFRzt2BfYLhX2Is0-KmD0VwWEEOQ==&#038;__ncforminfo=DJP9RnalEqJuDO-tXAZoSTxcZOQGVQx4S3JqsrmR0GOzduU-hiQnYSmVeQOYYwZ4gFQ5LmNJoORW59GdiiUqY1loQ8APTov8lZutkYppRxzgRX2IfbpxrnhnAxrjl7dY&#038;__ncforminfo=WHrk7tVoEFid1SlY8tXZvQFcJGRG0DwFYChW8GSM4-6JfPRjeQVXyxyGH9xQrgZc1LPjwu-MBxVjDN1owDsyNH3llzCoSPG8eCEYyU1AtScAxfIoAPRqB3RfW_sJtlKD4wddK1IamFI=\" alt=\"Website Hit Counter\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p><p style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; text-align: center;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">visitors\u00a0since 01 June 2012<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b2715f0\" data-id=\"b2715f0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4661ce2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4661ce2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><i>Published by<\/i><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>DEPARTMENT OF THEOLOGY AND PHILOSOPHY<\/strong><br \/>Faculty of Islamic Studies<br \/>Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia<br \/>(the National University of Malaysia)<br \/>43600 Bangi, Selangor<br \/>MALAYSIA<\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><i>and<\/i><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>WISDOM ACADEMIA VENTURE<br \/><\/strong>Kuala Lumpur<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cfbc153 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cfbc153\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-845b408\" data-id=\"845b408\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dda9bfa elementor-widget elementor-widget-copyright\" data-id=\"dda9bfa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"copyright.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hfe-copyright-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Copyright \u00a9 2026 IJIT - U K M <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Volume 22, (December) 2022 PRELIMINARY Article 234 Ade Yamin, Mufliha Wijayati, Ana Maria Fatimah Parera &amp; Rahmawansyah Sahib The Tradition of Pilgrimage to the Grave<a class=\"ut-readmore\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/volume-22-dec-2022\/\"> &#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_canvas","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5866","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"IJIT | International Journal of Islamic Thought +603 8921 5503 ijit@ukm.edu.my IJIT | International Journal of Islamic Thought International Journal of Islamic Thought e-ISSN 2289-6023 | ISSN 2232-1314 Menu Home About Editorial Board International Advisory Board Aim and Scope Submission Publication of Article Types Template &amp; Guidelines Publication Fee Timeline Agreement &amp; Declaration Form Disclaimer Ethics\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ukm.my\/ijit\/volume-22-dec-2022\/\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 4.9.10\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"IJIT - U K M |\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Vol. 22 \u2013 Dec 2022 | IJIT - U K M\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"IJIT | International Journal of Islamic Thought +603 8921 5503 ijit@ukm.edu.my IJIT | International Journal of Islamic Thought International Journal of Islamic Thought e-ISSN 2289-6023 | ISSN 2232-1314 Menu Home About Editorial Board International Advisory Board Aim and Scope Submission Publication of Article Types Template &amp; 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